七年级上册期末英语语法总结.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,七年级上册期末英语语法总结,七年级上册期末英语语法总结七年级上册期末英语语法总结,名词：,1,、区分可数名词与不可数名词,2,、可数名词变复数的规则、读音,3,、名词所有格的构成方法,可数名词与不可数名词,【,要点解读,】,可数名词是指可以计数的事物的名词，可数名词有单、复数形式；不可数名词是指不可以计数的事物的名词，不可数名词没有单、复数形式。本册书中的不可数名词有：,milk,、,bread,、,rice,、,food,、,fruit,、,ice-cream,、,salad,、,chicken,（鸡肉）、,orange(,橘子汁,),、,time,、,music.,不可数名词可以用以下短语来修饰：,专题归类复习三,a glass of a cup of,a box of a bag of,some much,一般名词变复数形式的规律：,1.,一般在名词的词尾加,-s.,如：,banana -bananas,2.,以,-s,-sh,-ch,-x,结尾的名词,在词尾加,-es,构成复数形式,如：,watch-watches,，,box-boxes,3.,有些以,-o,结尾的名词，则加,-es.,如：,tomato-tomatoes,potatopotatoes,heroheroes,，,Negro-Negroes,英雄和黑人喜欢吃西红柿和马铃薯,4.,以辅音字母加,-y,结尾的名词，则把,-y,改为,i,，加,-es.,如：,family-families,5.,有些名词以不规则来构成复数形式,如：,man-men,（男人）,woman-women,（女人）,childchildren,（孩子）,句子单数变复数，注意以下五要素,(1),主格人称代词要变成相应的复数主格人称代词,即,Iwe,youyou,，,she,he,itthey,。,如：,Sheisagirl.Theyaregirls.,(2)am,，,is,要变为,are,。如：,Imastudent.Wearestudents.,(3),不定冠词,a,，,an,要去掉。如：,Heisaboy.Theyareboys.,(4),普通单数名词要变为复数形式。如：,Itisanapple.Theyareapples.,(5),指示代词,this,，,that,要变为,these,，,those,。如：,Thisisabox.Theseareboxes.,变为复数句。,1.This is my friend.,These are my friends.,2.This is a bike.,These are bikes.,3.That is her brother.,Those are her brothers.,4.That is an eraser.,Those are erasers.,5.It is a red orange.,They are red oranges.,6.He is a teacher.,They are teachers.,7.Whats this?,What are these?,8.He is a Chinese boy.,They are Chinese boys.,【,强化训练,】,用括号内所给词的适当形式填空,1,Some _(orange)is in the cup.,2,I want some _(tomato)to eat.,3,Do you want some _(salad)?,4,A pen _(be)on the desk.,5,Lots of vegetables _(be)in the supermarket(,超市,),专题归类复习三,orange,tomatoes,salad,is,are,4,名词,s,所有格,（1）单数名词后直接加“s”：,如：Jimscoat吉姆的外套,Jeffsmother杰夫的妈妈,（2）以s结尾的复数名词，只加“”,如：TeachersDay教师节thetwinsbooks双胞胎的书,（3）不以s结尾的不规则的名词复数，加“s”,如：ChildrensDay儿童节mensshoes男式鞋,（4）表示两者共同拥有时，只在最后一个名词后加s,如：LucyandLilysmother露茜和莉莉的妈妈(共同的妈妈，一个妈妈),（5）表示两者各自拥有时，要在每个名词后加s,如：LucysandKatesrooms露茜和凯特的房间（各自的房间，两间房子）,名词所有格,【,强化训练,】,根据句意用名词所有格形式填空,1,The girl is _(Tom)sister.,2,September 10th is _,_,(teacher)Day.,3,This is _(John and Jeff)mother.,4,She is a friend of _(Lucy),5,_(Lucy and Lily)dictionaries are here.,6.,我爸爸的一张照片,7.,教室的一张图片,专题归类复习四,Toms,Teachers,John and Jeffs,Lucy,s,Lucys and Lilys,a photo of my father,a picture of the classroom,考点,4,不定冠词,a,与,an,【,要点解读,】,an,用在以元音音素开头的字母或单词前；,a,用在以辅音音素开头的字母或单词前。当名词前有,this,，,that,等指示代词或,my,your,等物主代词时，不能再用,a,或,an,。,专题归类复习一,冠词,【,强化训练,】,根据句意用不定冠词,a,、,an,或,/,填空,1,Its _ my English book.,2,Lucy is _ girl.,3,Its _ English book.,4,Whats this?,Its _ map.,5,It is _“L”,6,Whats this in English?,Its _ orange.,专题归类复习一,/,a,an,a,an,an,代词练习,1.,写出下列人称代词的宾格形式,I_ you_ he_,she_ we_ they_,2.,单项选择,(1)_ is a good student.All the teachers like_ very much.,A.She,her B.Her,she,C.He,her D.she,him,(2)Mary,please give,（给）,_ your book.,A.my B.mine C.I D.me,him,you,me,her,us,them,.,用所给词的适当形式填空,1,_(she)is a girl._(she)name is Lucy.,2,_(I)name is Kate.Whats_(you)name?,3,What is_(he)telephone number?,4,Are_(your)Miss Smith?,5,_(it)name is Mimi.,.,根据句意及汉语提示补全单词,1,_(,她的,)name is Mary.,2,This is_(,我的,)book.,3,Whats_(,你的,)name?,4,_(,他的,)telephone number is 5433345.,5,Its a cat._(,它的,)eyes are blue.,专题归类复习一,She,Her,My,your,his,you,Its,Her,my,your,His,Its,1.What is _(,她的,)English name,？,2._(,我的,)father is a doctor.,3.Where is _(,你们的,)library?,4._(,我,)have a pet cat._(,它的,)name is Joy.,5._(,我们的,)classroom is big.,6._(,他们的,)books are colorful.,her,My,your,I,Its,Our,Their,练一练！,()1.She gives the erasers to Lucy and _.A.I B.me C.my D.mine,()2.There are some apples behind_.,A.him,B.they,C.he D.my,()3._go to school every day.,_ like school very much.,A.Tom and I,We B.I and Tom,We C.Tom and me,We D.Tom and I,They,B,A,A,()4.Can you let _ go with_?,A.him,I B.he,I C.he,me D.him,me,D,()5.Only _ know it.A.I and he B.he and you,C.he and I D.I and you,C,()6._like sports very much,but they only watch_ on TV.,A.they,they B.them,them,C.they,them D.them,they,()7.The boys like English,_read(,看,读,)it every day.,so_English is very good.,A.they,them B.they,their,C.their,they D.them,they,C,B,考点,2,this,，,that,与,it,【,要点解读,】,1,指示代词是用来指代或标记人或事物的代词，,this,和,that,是最基本、最常用的指示代词，常用来指代名词单数。,(1)this,表示“这个”，指近处的人或事物；,that,意为“那个”，指较远处的人或事物或用来指代离说话人较远的人或事物。两者作主语时，,be,动词都用,is,。,(2),介绍在一起的两个事物时，先介绍的用,this,，后介绍的用,that,。,(3),向第三者介绍旁边的人时，用,This is,；向第三者介绍距离较远的人时，用,That is,。,专题归类复习二,【,强化训练,】,.,根据句意用,this,that,或,it,填空,1,Look!_ is a computer.,2,Mum,_ is Tom and _ is Lucy.,3,Whats this?,_ is a ruler.,How do you spell _,？,RULER.,4.Is this Mary?,No,_ isnt.Its Lily.,5,This is an apple._ is a red apple.,专题归类复习二,This,this,that,It,it,it,It,.,根据问句及提示完成答语,1,Is that a pencil?,Yes,_ _,2,Is this your book?,No,_ _,3,Is that an English dictionary?,Yes,_ _,4,Are you Bob?,No,_ _,5,Is it an orange?,No,_ _,专题归类复习二,it,is,it,isn,t,it,is,Im,not,it,isnt,数词,【,强化训练,】,.,根据汉语意思完成英语句子,1,他的妈妈,42,岁。,His mother is _ _ _.,2,我有,12,个苹果。,I have _ _,3,我们需要,20,个篮球。,We _ _ _,4,王林在,3,班。,Wang Lin is in _ _,5,9,加,4,等于几？,_ is _ and _,？,专题归类复习四,forty,two,years,old,twelve,apples,need,twenty,basketballs,Class,Three,What,nine,four,.,用括号内数字对应的数词的适当形式填空,1,My birthday is on May _(3),2,September is the _(9)month of the year.,3,I am _(12)years old.Today is my _(12)birthday.,4,His birthday is on June _(21),5,Its March _(18)today.,专题归类复习四,3,rd,ninth,twelve,twelfth,21,st,18,th,8,英语日期的表示法,英语中月份和星期名称都是专有名词，它们的首字母必须大写，并且前面无需用冠词。如：On Monday,用英语表示日期，其顺序为月+日+年，日和年之间需用逗号隔开。如：August2nd，2003(2003年8月2日)。,也可以用日+月+年来表示。如：10thMay，2003(2003年5月10日),英语日期前介词的使用：若指在哪一年或哪一月，则用介词in，若具体到某一天，则需用介词on。,动词,be,（,is,am,are,）的用法,我(I)用am,你(you)用are，is跟着他(he)，她(she)，它(it)。,单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。,Eg:Your house is very big.Your houses are all very big.,变否定，更容易，be后not加上去。,Eg:,变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。,Eg:Is your house very big?,还有一条须注意，句首大写莫忘记。,1,、目前所学的动词的形式有,4,种：,动词原形；如：do;have;like,动词的三单式（常在动词原形后加s）；如：get-gets,动词不定式（to+动词原形）；如：meet-to meet,动词ing式（动词原形后加ing）如：look-looking,6,like,一词的用法,like,用作及物动词，译为“喜欢”。,(1),后接名词或代词，表示喜欢某人或某物。如：,Ilikethebabyverymuch.,我非常喜欢这个小孩。,(2),后接动名词,(v.-ing),，表示“喜欢做某事”，着重于习惯、爱好。如：,Tomlikesplayingfootball.,汤姆喜欢踢足球。,(3),后接动词不定式,(todo),，表示“偶尔地喜欢做某事”，着重于某次具体的行为。如：,Ilikereading,butIliketowatchTVthisevening.,我喜欢读书，但我今晚想看电视。,10.want,用法,(1),想干什么用,wanttodosth,Theywanttojointhesportsclub.,他们想加入运动俱乐部。,(2),第三人称单数作主语，,want,要作变化,Hewantstoplaybasketball.LiXiawantstoplaythepiano.,(3),变疑问句，否定句要借助助动词,do,或,does.,Doyouwanttoplaysoccerball?,Yes,Ido./No,Idont.,Doeshewanttogohomebybus?,Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesnt,12英文一般疑问句及肯定和否定回答,一般疑问句是以be动词、情态动词和Do/Does开头的，用Yes或No回答的疑问句。,、以be动词开头的一般疑问句及答句,Am I?Yes,you are./No,you arent.,Are you?Yes,I am./No,Im not.,Is he/she/it?Yes,he/she/it is.No,he/she/it isnt.,Are we/you/they?Yes,we/we/they are.No,we/we/they arent.,、以情态动词开头的一般疑问句及答句,Can?Yes,can.No,cant(cannot).,、以Do/Does开头的一般疑问句及答句,Do you+行为动词？Yes,I do/No,I dont.,Do we/you/they+行为动词？Yes,we/they do.No,we/they dont.,Does he/she/it+行为动词？Yes,he/she/it does.No,he/she/it doesnt.,改一般疑问句的方法：先找后借 在句中找到Be动词（am,is,are）或情态动词（can,may,could,would,will），把它提到句首；找不到以上词时，借Do或Does，放在句首。,注意：句子是三单主语时，借Does；不是三单主语时，借Do.并且：Does一出现，三单式要滚蛋。,练习：,He likes his family members.,Does he like his family members?,We are singing and dancing.,Are you singing and dancing?,Mary can ride a bike.,Can Mary ride a bike?,There is some water in the cup.,Is there some water in the cup?,13特殊疑问句,以疑问词开头的疑问句叫特殊疑问句。常用的疑问词有：,what who whose where how why,等。回答特殊疑问句时，不能用,yes/no,，要问什么答什么。,特殊疑问句的结构：疑问词一般疑问句？,对划线部分提问就是把句子改为特殊疑问句。方法如下：,把划线部分替换成相应的疑问词，放在句首；,把没划线部分改为一般疑问句，放在疑问词后。,提示：划线部分在句首时，只需第步，没划线的词照抄。如：,Maria goes shopping with Miss Wang.,-Who goes shopping with Miss Wang?,英语的一些重要原则,英文句子中至少有一个动词，用来作谓语。如：,我很高兴,-,误：,I very happy.,正：,I am very happy.,她最喜欢熊猫,.-,误：,She favorite pandas.(favorite,不是动词,),正：,She likes pandas best/Her favorite is pandas.,同一个句子中不能同时用,be,动词和行为动词。,误：,I am at six get up.,正：,I get up at six.,误：,Are you want to go for a picnic?(Are,改为,Do),句子中的单数名词前要带冠词，或用复数名词来表示类别。,误：,orange is orange.,正：,An orange is orange/Oranges are orange.,误：,He is doctor.(,他是医生,),正：,He is a doctor.,限定词的唯一原则,限定词是指,(1),冠词（定冠词，不定冠词）、,(2),形容词性物主代词、,(3),指示代词、,(4),名词所有格、,(5),量词,(some,any,no,many,much,等,),，这五类词只能用一个修饰同一个名词。,如：我的一本书,-,误：,my a book,正：,my book,吉姆的这个风筝,-,误：,Jims this/the kite,正：,Jims kite,your the bike the some animals that a bus,谢谢大家！,结 语,