新世纪大学英语3-Unit1-Friendship课件.ppt

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,新世纪大学英语3-Unit1-Friendship课件,新世纪大学英语3-Unit1-Friendship课件新世纪大学英语3-Unit1-Friendship课件The Aims of the Course1.To understand the main idea and structure of the text;,2.To grasp the key language points and grammatical structure in the text;,3.To know the methods used by the writer to support his ideas in argumentation;,4.To conduct a series of listening,speaking,reading and writing activities related to the theme.,The Aims of the Course,1.To understand the main idea and structure of the text;,2.To grasp the key language points and grammatical structure in the text;,3.To know the methods used by the writer to support his ideas in argumentation;,4.To conduct a series of listening,speaking,reading and writing activities related to the theme.,Arrangement&Expectation:,Course arrangement,：,-one unit within 2 weeks,-,CET-4,Requirements in class:,-attendance(dont later;no absence),-class performance(be active&cooperative&mutual respect),-assignment,Evaluation criteria:,-,50%,attendance,-20%class performance,-30%assignment,Learning Tasks,综合教程,泛读教程,after class(,期末考试附加题,),快速阅读,新发展听力,classroom task,大学英语听力,Part 5,homework,Four Parts of the Unit,Part One:,Warm-up Activities,Part Two:,Text Analysis,Part Three:,Language tips,Part Four:,Assignment,Part One:Warm-up Activities,I.Leadin(Discussion),II.Games,III.Songs dictation,IV.Proverbs&Quotations,V.Background Information,Before Reading_ MAIN,Q1:What words will occur to you whenever we mention,the word“Friendship.”Write down as many words,as possible about it.,intimacy,companionship,Everlasting,永恒的,share,Perpetual,永久的,genuine,pure,Confidant,知己,heartfelt,pal,cherish,beloved,friendship,Discussion,Before Reading_ MAIN,Q2.Do you have any good friends?What do you usually do with your friends when you are together?,-Most probably we will answer“yes”.We will name some hobbies we share with our good friends,such as:,-Playing games,-Going shopping,-Watching movies,-Chatting on the internet,-Exchanging gossips(,闲聊，八卦,),Discussion,Before Reading_ MAIN,Discussion,Q3.What kind of people do you like to make friends with?,This question is actually about the criteria for choosing friends.,As the saying goes,birds of a feather flock together,.people tend to choose their likes as friends.,For some students,such virtues as kindness,diligence,intelligence or humor may be regarded as the desirable qualities of a friend.,For others,friendship may be based on pleasure or good feelings from companions who share hobbies and are always ready to render help.,Before Reading_5.2,GAME:,Who is he/she?,Game,DIRECTION:,One student comes on the stage,and keep one name of his/her classmates in heart.Other students try to guess who he/she is by YES/NO questions.The student can only answer all the questions with“YES/NO”.,Before Reading2.1,A Brief Introduction to the Song,Forever Friends,An English Song,This is one of the candidate songs bidding for the theme song for China Beijing 2008 Olympic Games.It is composed by Giorgio Moroder(,吉奥吉,.,莫罗德,),the well-known Italian composer,who has won the Oscar Awards for three times.His major works are the theme songs,for 1984 and 1988 Olympic Games.,The song is sung by Li Wen and Sun Nan,both of whom are popular Chinese singers.,Before Reading_2.2,Youvetastedbitter andthesweetsuccess.,Youwantitallandyou fornothingless.,Youvetriedharderthantherest.,Youvebecomeoneofthebest.,Thisisthetimeyoullrememberfor,Allyourlife,Foreverfriends,In,Asthewholeworldjoinsandsees,Daysof .,Foreverthroughtheyears,Wellhearthe .,Joyandlaughtereverywhere!,Directions:Listen to the song and fill in the following blanks.,Forever Friends,defeat,_,settle,_,harmony,_,unityandpeace,_,cheers,_,An English Song,Before Reading_2.3,Were together here to .,Forever friends,Youll meet all ,see youve never seen.,People from parts of the world where youve never been.,And youll feel it in your heart.,We spent too much time,This is the time when all dreams of man .,Forever friends,In,As the whole world joins and sees,Days of .,Forever through the years,Well hear the .,Joy and laughter everywhere!,Were together here to,Forever friends,Forever Friends,An English Song,share,_,races,_,faces,_,apart,_,come alive,_,harmony,_,unity and peace,_,cheers,_,share,_,Before Reading_2.4,No matter where we are or go,No matter what we or know,No matter how we word our,There is one dream we share.,Forever friends,In,As the whole world joins and sees,Days of .,Forever through the years,Well hear the .,Joy and laughter everywhere!,Were together here to,One world one dream.,Forever friends,In harmony!,Forever friends,One dream we dream,One world we share.,Forever Friends,An English Song,hope for,_,unity and peace,_,prayer,_,harmony,_,cheers,_,share,_,After Reading_6.1,1.A friend in need is a friend indeed.,患难朋友才是真朋友。,2.A near friend is better than a far-dwelling kinsman.,远亲不如近邻。,3.Friendship is a plant of slow growth and must undergo and,withstand the shocks of adversity before it is entitled to the,appellation.,George Washington,American President,友谊就像一棵生长缓慢的植物，只有经受住了逆境的考验才配得上这个称呼。,美国总统 乔治,华盛顿,4.To find a friend one must close one eye;to keep him,two.,Norman Douglas,British writer,交朋友得闭一只眼，留住朋友得闭两只。,英国作家 诺曼,道格拉斯,Proverbs&Quotations,After Reading_6.2,5.It is easier to forgive an enemy than to forgive a friend.,William Blake,English poet,原谅敌人比原谅朋友来得容易。,英国诗人 威廉,布莱克,6.Better be alone than in a bad company.,损友不如无友。,Proverbs&Quotations,Before Reading_4.11,Aristotle,Background information,A Brief Introduction to Aristotle,Aristotles Chronology,Before Reading_4.11,Aristotle(384322BC):,Greekphilosopher,and scientist.Aristotle is one of the“big three”in ancient Greek philosophy,along with and,Socrates,.(Socrates taught Plato,who in turn instructed Aristotle.)Aristotle spent nearly 20 years at Platos Academy,first as a student and then as a teacher.After Platos death he traveled widely and educated a famous pupil,Alexander the Great,the Macedonian,马其顿人,who nearly conquered the world.Later Aristotle began his own school in,Athens,雅典,known as the Lyceum.Aristotle is known for his carefully detailed observations about nature and the physical world,which laid the groundwork for the modern study of biology.Among his works are the texts,Physics,Metaphysics,玄学,Rhetoric,修辞学,and Ethics,伦理学,.,Plato,A Brief Introduction to Aristotle,Script,Background information,Before Reading_4.12,In addition,Aristotle invented the field known as,formal logic,形式逻辑,pioneered,zoology,动物学,and addressed virtually every major philosophical problem known during his time.Known to,medieval intellectuals,中世纪知识分子,as simply“the Philosopher,”Aristotle is possibly the greatest thinker in Western history and,historically,perhaps the single greatest influence on Western intellectual development.,Aristotle,Script,Background information,Before Reading_4.13,Plato:(428347BC),Greek philosopher,one of the most creative and influential thinkers in Western philosophy.,Plato,one of the most famous philosophers of ancient Greece,was the first to use,the term philosophy,which means“,love of knowledge,.”Born around 428 BC,Plato investigated a wide range of topics.Chief among his ideas was the theory of forms,which proposed that objects in the physical world merely,resemble perfect forms in the ideal world,and that only these perfect forms can be the,object of true knowledge,认识客体,.The goal of a philosopher,according to Plato,is to know the perfect forms and to instruct others in that knowledge.,Aristotle,Script,Background information,Before Reading_4.14,Aristotles Chronology,Time,Event,384 BC,Born in the small Greek town of Stagiros(later,Stagira,)in the northern Greek district of,Chalcidice,.,367 BC,Aristotle joined Platos circle at the Academy in Athens.,348/347 BC,Aristotle left for Assos in MysiaafterPlatos death.,Around 342 BC,Aristotle went to the court of Philip of,Macedon,and became tutor to Alexander.,335/334 BC,Aristotle returned to,Athens,and established a philosophical school of his own in the gymnasium Lyceum.,322 BC,Aristotle died of a,gastric ailment,胃部疾病,.,Aristotle,Background information,Before Reading_4.21,Cicero,A Brief Introduction to Cicero,Ciceros Chronology,Background information,Before Reading_4.21,Cicero,Cicero(Marcus Tullius),马库斯,图留斯,西塞罗,:(10643BC)Roman writer,statesman,and orator.Cicero was the greatest,speaker,among the many famous statesmen of,ancient Rome,古罗马,.He practiced law and studied philosophy in Greece before holding a rising sequence of important jobs in the,Roman Empire,.In 64 BC he became,Consul,领事,the highest office in Rome.As Consul he won fame for his orations against Cataline,the head of a secret,conspiracy,阴谋,to seize the government.Always a,A Brief Introduction to Cicero,Staunch supporter of the Republic,Cicero was eventually forced from office by his enemies,and when,Julius Caesar,consolidated his power in 48 BC,Cicero went into political retirement.During this time he wrote his famous essays on happiness,on old age,and on friendship.,Script,Background information,Before Reading_4.22,Upon Caesars,assassination,暗杀,in 44 BC,Cicero returned to public life and delivered a series of scathing speeches(the“Phillipics”)against Marc Antony,马克,.,安东尼,.This proved to be Ciceros undoing:when Antony took power in a,triumvirate,三人执政,with Octavian and Marcus Lepidus,Cicero was declared an,outlaw,歹徒,and killed by Antonys men in 43 BC.,Cicero,A Brief Introduction to Cicero,Script,Background information,Before Reading_4.23,Ciceros Chronology,Time,Event,Jan.3,106 BC,Born at Arpinum near,Rome,the elder son of a wealthy landowner.,81-80 BC,Cicero made his first appearances in court during the,dictatorship of Sulla,苏独裁拉,.,79 BC,Cicero left Rome to study in,Rhodes,罗兹,.,76 BC,Cicero married Terentia,whose family was wealthy and perhaps,aristocratic,贵族,.,70 BC,Cicero scored his first great success,when he,prosecuted,起诉,Caius Verres for,gross misgovernment,政府腐败,in,Sicily,.,Cicero,Background information,Before Reading_4.27,Ciceros Chronology,Time,Event,59 BC,Cicero was exiled to Macedonia,where he lived for 16 months,because of his publicly expressed dislike of the violent methods,Caesar,employed in his consulship.,Aug.57 BC,His friends made great efforts to secure his recall.,51 BC,Cicero was sent off to govern Ciliciaforayear.,47-46 BC,Cicero divorced Terentia after 30 years marriage.,Dec.43 BC,Cicero met his death at the hands of,Antony,s agents with courage and dignity.,Cicero,Background information,Part Two:Text Analysis,I.Text structure,II.Global reading,Global Reading_1,Parts,Para(s).,Main Ideas,1,2,1,25,Its necessary to review some classical views of friendship in order to acquire a better understanding of it.,According to Aristotle,there are three kinds of friendship,which are respectively based on utility,pleasure and goodness.Friendship based on goodness is perfect and totally different from friendship based on utility or pleasure.,3,6,According to Cicero,true friendship is only possible between good men and it is virtue that creates and preserves true friendship.,4,7,Friendship is permanent between virtuous people who share a commitment to the good or to what is morally right or worthy of praise.,Text Structure,Global Reading_2.2,According to ancient scholars,friendship can be classified into three different types.,Friendship between the young is much easier to change than that between the elderly.,People linked by friendship,which is based on utility,stay together only when they are mutually useful.,Time and intimacy are the two prerequisites,先决条件,for the development of true friendship.,In order to preserve true friendship,people in a community should maintain the equal relationship between each other.,1.,2.,3.,4.,5.,No.We may find three kinds of friendship according to Aristotle.,No.Both the friendship based on utility and that on pleasure are changeable regardless of,（不管）,the age.,F,(),T,(),F,(),T,(),T,(),True or False,Global reading,Part Three:Language Tips,I.Detailed reading,II.Language points,Friendship is an,eternal(,永恒的,)theme(,主题,),in human history.A life without friendship is hard to imagine.But what is friendship?Read the following text and see if you can gain some new insights into the true meaning of friendship.,Detailed Reading_t0,Detailed Reading,When we approach the,notion,of friendship,our first problem is that there is,a lack of,socially acknowledged,criteria,for what makes a person a friend.,In one setting,we may describe someone as a friend;in another,the label may seem less,appropriate,.,Therefore,people tend to have a very,thin,understanding of what friendship really means.To help us understand what friendship really means,we need to review some classical views of friendship.,One,classical,view of friendship is provided by,Aristotle,the famous ancient Greek philosopher.Aristotle,distinguishes between,what he believes to be genuine friendships and two other forms:one based on mutual usefulness,the other on pleasure.So,according to Aristotle,we may find three kinds of friendship:,What Is Friendship?,Michele E.Doyle&Mark K.Smith,Detailed Reading_t1,Detailed Reading,3.,Friendship based on,utility,.Utility is an impermanent thing:it changes according to circumstances.When the,ground,for friendship disappears,the friendship also,breaks up,.Friendships of this kind seem to occur most frequently between the elderly,because at their age what they want is,Detailed Reading_t2,not pleasure but utility.Friendships based on utility are also frequently found among those in middle or early life who are,pursuing,their own advantage.Such persons do not spend much time together,because sometimes they do not even like one another,and therefore feel no need of such an association unless they are mutually useful.,They,take pleasure in,each others company only,in so far as,they have hopes of advantage from it.,Detailed Reading,the moment.,As they grow up,however,their tastes change too,so that they are quick to make and to break friendships.,That is why they fall in and out of friendship quickly,changing their attitude often,even within the same day.,Detailed Reading_t3,Detailed Reading,4.Friendship based on pleasure.,Friendship between the young is thought to be grounded on pleasure,because the lives of the young are,regulated,by their feelings,and their chief interests are in their own pleasure and the opportunity of,5.Friendship based on goodness.Perfect friendship is based on goodness.,Only the friendship of those who are good,and similar in their goodness,is perfect.,The conduct of good men is the same or similar.,It is between good men that both love and friendship are chiefly found and in the highest form.,Such friendships are rare and they need time and intimacy;,6.Another classical view of friendship can be found in the writings of,Cicero,an ancient Roman statesman and orator.According to Cicero,true friendship is only possible between good men.,He further defines“the good”as“those