高考短文改错专题训练.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,高考短文改错专题训练,Objectives,1,了解“短文改错”考查目标；,2,把握“短文改错”的考点设,置；,3,掌握完成“短文改错”的技巧。,考情表解,高考英语短文改错，考察学生综合运用英语语言的能力，从历年短文改错来看，学生失分仍很多，下面谈谈短文改错解题技巧。,短文改错常见考点设置,考点,1,：,名词,命题特点,:,本来用复数,却用单数；本来用单数，却用复数。,改正方法,:(1),根据名词前的修饰限定成份,(2),根据上下文的逻辑关系,.,例,1.She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success.,例,2.After class we become stranger at once.,schoolmates,strangers,例,3.They want me to devote all my time to my studies so that Ill get marks in all my subject.,例,4.On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful.,例,5.There are advantage for students to work while studying at school.,例,6.Now we can get millions of informations from the Internet.,subjects,pictures,advantages,information,考点,2,：代,词,命题特点,：,1.,男女性代词用反；,2.,单数指代复数；,3.,代词词性用错；,4.,缺少人称代词。,改正方法,:,根据上下文的逻辑关系以及人称代词的数和格的一致问题,.,例,1.Rose is such a kind girl that we all like him very much.,例,2.The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.,例,3.I have a good friend whos name is Liu Mei.,例,4.It was about noon when we arrived at the foot of the mountain.The three of them were very excited.,her,their,whose,us,考点,3,：介词,命题特点及改正方法：,介词涉及搭配错误，因此可从以下方面确定错误：,1,）介词的基本用法；,2,）习惯搭配；,3,）动词词类确定错误，如,talk,serve,wait,等。,记住：,介词短语常常考，固定搭配要记牢。介词后边跟宾语，结合语境细推敲。,例,1.We do not seem to get much time to talk about together.,例,2.I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow.,例,3.The patients are taken good care well in the nursing home.,例,4.The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English.,去掉,about,或在其后加,it,of,考点,4,：时态,命题特点及改正方法,：,现在时与过去时的误用，句中一般没有时间状语。每年都考。要注意联系上下文，着眼于整个语篇的时态。通常整篇都是过去，突然一个句子用现在时；或者通常整篇都是现在，突然一个句子用过去时。其中又以一般现在时和过去时互改为多。,例,1.They did not want me to do any work at home;they want me to devote all my time to my studies so that I can make great progress.,例,2.The time passes quickly.Evening came.,例,3.She liked it very much and reads it to the class.,例,4.I dont know that they dont like to talk with me.Sometimes,we talked to each other very well in class.,do,passed,read,talk,Finding information on the Net,本来用单数，却用复数。,She is smiling at me but nodding at me.,去掉about或在其后加it,That makes Rowena and Billy different from,have studied at home.,（3）粗略分析词法、句法、逻辑上是否有问题。,去掉about或在其后加it,Hes reading the same book that she did last week.,Is there any books on the writing desk?,Tom bought the new bike which he found it two weeks ago.,命题特点改正方法：,介词涉及搭配错误，因此可从以下方面确定错误：,How much time did you take relax as well as to study per day?,The patients are taken good care well in the nursing home.,White as well as her parents come from the US.,其中又以一般现在时和过去时互改为多。,考点,5,：,and/but/or/so,误用及前后不一致,命题特点：,主要考查,and,、,or,、,but,、,so,等并列连词的误用。,改正方法：,1,）根据句意确定错误；,2,）根据句子的逻辑关系确定错误。,例,1.She is smiling at me but nodding at me.,例,2.It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest.,例,3.The food was expensive and the service was good.,例,4.I came into the living room and saw one of them just go through the kitchen door but turn on the light.,and,or,but,and,考点,6,：从属连词,命题特点及改正方法：,句子结构方面的错误主要涉及句子成份和复合句的关联词等。,解答这类题从以下方面来思考：,1,）句子结构是否完整，成份是否冗缺；,2,）复合句中连接主句和从句的关系词或连接词是否得当等。,例,1.It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain.,例,2.I dont know that they dont like to talk with me.,例,3.The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate everything into English.,例,4.What interested us most was what he gave his lessons lively and interesting.,when,why,that,考点,7,：冠词,命题特点及改正方法：,英语中冠词,只有三个,，只能从以下几个方向出题：,1,）不定冠词,a,和,an,互改；,2,）不定冠词,a,或,an,和定冠词,the,互改；,3,）根据需要增删冠词。,例,1.As everyone knows,its famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.,例,2.He built a telescope through which he could study sky.,例,3.We may be one family and live under a same roof,but-,例,4.On Thursday I will have to decide what I want to do over a weekend.,a,the,the,the,考点,8,：形容词和副词,命题特点及改正方法,：,主要考查形容词和副词的,误用,、形容词及副词的,比较级,等。,1,）根据,adj.,或,adv.,的基本用法确定错误；,2,）修饰名词用形容词，系表结构用形容词；,3,）修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及整个句子用副词，在句首用副词。,What interested us most was what he gave his lessons lively and interesting.,本来用单数，却用复数。,根据上下文的逻辑关系以及人称代词的数和格的一致问题.,文中出现带汉语注释的词，在句中不可能用错.,介词涉及搭配错误，因此可从以下方面确定错误：,They study hard.,2）动词不定式和动名词的错用；,（4）逐行修改，先易后难。,My parents will do all they can make sure that I get a good education.,考点5：and/but/or/so误用及前后不一致,(2)根据上下文的逻辑关系.,介词后边跟宾语，结合语境细推敲。,1）根据句意确定错误；,句子结构方面的错误主要涉及句子成份和复合句的关联词等。,information,例,1.I would describe myself as a shy and quietly girl.,例,2.There have been reports in America about people trying to steal person information for bad purposes.,例,3.The life of the people in the village has great improved.,例,4.To catch the first bus she hurried to the station as rapid as she can.,例,5.Finding information on the Net,is easily.,quiet,personal,greatly,rapidly,easy,考点,9,：非谓语动词,命题特点及改正方法,：,1,）谓语动词和非谓语动词的错用；,2,）动词不定式和动名词的错用；,3,）现在分词和过去分词的错用等。,例,1.Earning their own money allows them spend on anything as they please.,例,2.My parents will do all they can make sure that I get a good education.,例,3.Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express myself in simple English.,例,4.The quake destroyed many houses and buildings made many people homeless.,to,talking,making,to,考点,10,：关系代词,命题特点改正方法,：,1,）关系代词和人称代词的,错用,；,2,）关系代词和人称代词的,叠用,；,3,）关系代词,遗漏,。,例,1.She moved to Canada,there he picked up some English.,例,2.I saw a pretty girl,she came from the US.,例,3.Hes reading the same book that she did last week.,例,4.Do you know the boy his father is a doctor?,例,5.Tom bought the new bike which he found it two weeks ago.,where,who,as,whose,考点,11,：主谓一致,命题特点改正方法,：,主谓一致性,;,第三人称单数漏掉,s,，或主语为复数，谓语动词用了单数,;,再就是就近原则对主语的影响。,例,1.She go to school by bike at 630 in the morning.,例,2.Is there any books on the writing desk?,例,3.What surprised us most are that he had passed the College Entrance Examination.,例,4.Here is the answers to the questions.,例,5.White as well as her parents come from the US.,goes,Are,was,are,comes,考点,12,：平行结构,命题特点改正方法,：,词性或结构前后不一致，根据上下文句意做出判断,例,1.Mother is a kind,health,friendly woman in our neighbor.,例,2.How much time did you take relax as well as to study per day?,例,3.Betty looks pretty,kindly,patient and healthy.,例,4.She went to the hospital and pay a visit to her sister.,healthy,to,kind,paid,短文改错口诀,动词形，名词数，还要注意形和副；,非谓语，细辨别，习惯用法要记住；,句子成分多分析，逻辑错误须关注；,冠词连词常光顾,.,短文改错小结,做短文改错应采取六个步骤和四不改,六个步骤,：,（,1,）通读短文，整体把握短文大意。,（,2,）细读全文，逐句分析，把握结构，逐一作答。,（,3,）粗略分析词法、句法、逻辑上是否有问题。,（,4,）逐行修改，先易后难。,（,5,）复读全文，验证答案。,（,6,）要注意答题是否合乎规范。,短文改错小结,四不改,：,标点符号不改。,大小写不改。,词序错误不改（不是不改，而是按错词或少词来改,),。,纲外生词不改。文中出现带汉语注释的词，在句中不可能用错,.,短文改错专项练习,Rowena and Billy Wrangler are model high school,students.They study hard.They do extreme well on,achievement tests.And next year,Rowena will attending,Harvard University.Billy,her younger brother,hope to go,to Cornell.That makes Rowena and Billy different from,most students is that they dont go to school.In fact,theyve never been to school.Since a kindergarten,they,have studied at home.Neither Rowena or Billy feels as if,they have missed out on nothing by being taught at home.,As many of the more than one million people who receive,home schooling in the United States,they feel if they,have gotten a good education.,extremely,be,hopes,What,nor,anything,Like,as,