2019届江苏专用高考英语大一轮复习第二部分基础语法第十一课时构词法讲义牛津译林版.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,第十一课时构词法,1.,(2015,安徽高考,),They gave money to the old peoples home,either_or,through their companies.,A.legally,B.sincerely,C.personally,D.deliberately,答案,C,句意：他们或者亲自或者通过他们的公司给敬老院送钱。,legally,合法地，法律上；,sincerely,真诚地，由衷地，诚恳地；,personally,亲自，当面，个别地，就自己而言；,deliberately,故意地，谨慎地，慎重地。根据,through their companies,可知,personally,为正确答案。,感,悟,高,考,2.,(2015,湖北高考,),The girl used to be shy,，,but is _ getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself.,A.gradually,B.usually,C.previously,D.merely,答案,A,句意：这个女孩以前很害羞，但是正,_,在小组活动中变得积极起来，而且更愿意表达自己了。根据题干中的,is,和,getting,可知，这里表示循序渐进的过程，故选,gradually(,逐渐地,),。,usually,通常；,previously,先前地；,merely,仅仅。,3.,(2015,江苏高考,),Some schools will have to make _ in agreement with the national soccer reform.,A.judgments,B.adjustments,C.comments,D.achievements,答案,B,句意：为了与国家足球改革相一致，一些学校将必须做出调整。,judgement,判断；,adjustment,调整，适应；,comment,评论；,achievement,成果，成就。,知识点一派生法,规则,形容词变副词的后缀,知 识 清 单,在形容词后加,-,ly,可变成相应意义的副词,直接加,-,ly,extreme,extremely,尤其，非常,stupid,stupidly,傻地,改,y,为,-,ily,happy,happily,快乐地,merry,merrily,快乐地,去,e,加,-,ly,true,truly,真实地,规则,形容词变名词的后缀,后缀,例词,-age,short,shortage,不足；短缺,-cy,efficient,efficiency,效率；功效,accurate,accuracy,准确性,-,dom,free,freedom,自由；自主,wise,wisdom,明智；智慧,-,ence,different,difference,差异,silent,silence,沉默,-ness,weak,weakness,虚弱；弱点,careless,carelessness,粗心大意,-,th,strong,strength,力气；强项,wide,width,宽度,-y,-,ty,-,ity,disable,disability,无能；残疾,responsible,responsibility,责任,规则,动词变名词的后缀,后缀,例词,-al,approve,approval,赞成；批准,arrive,arrival,到来,-,ance,appear,appearance,出现；外貌,perform,performance,表演；节目,-,ence,exist,existence,存在；生存,refer,reference,参考；查阅,-ion,construct,construction,建设,evaluate,evaluation,评估,-,ation,consider,consideration,考虑,imagine,imagination,想象力,-(,s)sion,discuss,discussion,讨论；辩论,admit,admission,接纳；准许入学,-,ing,hear,hearing,听力；听觉,begin,beginning,开始,-,ment,argue,argument,辩论；论据,equip,equipment,设备,-,ure,fail,failure,失败；没做到,press,pressure,压力,-,ture,mix,mixture,混合；混合物,depart,departure,离开；出发,-y,recover,recovery,恢复；痊愈,discover,discovery,发现,其他,vary,variety,多样化；种类,tend,tendency,趋向；趋势,规则,表示,“,人,”,的后缀,在某些形容词、名词或动词后面加后缀变成具有某种职业或动作的人。常见的表示,“,人,”,的后缀有：,后缀,例词,-,er,village,villager,村民,strange,stranger,陌生人,-,ar,lie,liar,说谎者,-,ee,employ,employee,受雇者；雇员,interview,interviewee,被面试者,-or,invent,inventor,发明家,educate,educator,教育家；教师,-,ess,steward,stewardess,女乘务员,host,hostess,女主人；女主持人,-,ese,China,Chinese,中国人,Japan,Japanese,日本人,-an,America,American,美国人,Australia,Australian,澳洲人,-,ian,history,historian,历史学家,politics,politician,政治家；政客,-,ist,special,specialist,专家,tour,tourist,旅行者；观光者,-ant,participate,participant,参加者,assist,assistant,助手；图书管理员,规则,动词、名词变形容词的常见后缀,后缀,例词,-able,accept,acceptable,可接受的,comfort,comfortable,舒适的,-al,person,personal,个人的；私人的,nature,natural,自然的；天生的,-,ful,hope,hopeful,有希望的,peace,peaceful,和平的,-ed,confuse,confused,感到困惑的,bore,bored,感到厌倦的,-,ing,surprise,surprising,令人惊讶的,convince,convincing,令人信服的,-,ible,access,accessible,容易到达的；容易取得的,horror,horrible,可怕的；恐怖的,-,ive,effect,effective,有效的；生效的,instruct,instructive,有教育意义的,-,ous,anxiety,anxious,忧虑的,curiosity,curious,好奇的,-some,tire,tiresome,令人厌倦的,trouble,troublesome,麻烦的,-y,taste,tasty,美味的；可口的,wealth,wealthy,富裕的；丰富的,dirt,dirty,有灰尘的；脏的,-,ern,east,eastern,东方的；向东的,west,western,西方的；向西的,-,ish,fool,foolish,愚蠢的；可笑的,self,selfish,自私的,-,ic,science,scientific,科学的,history,historic,历史上著名的,-,ary,imagine,imaginary,想象中的,规则,表示否定或相反意义的前缀和后缀,前缀,例词,dis,-,advantage,disadvantage,缺点,comfort,discomfort,不舒适,il,-,legal,illegal,不合法的,logical,illogical,不合逻辑的,im,-,patient,impatient,不耐烦的,moral,immoral,不道德的,in-,formal,informal,非正式的,convenient,inconvenient,不方便的,ir,-,regular,irregular,不规则的,responsible,irresponsible,不负责任的,mis,-,lead,mislead,误导,understand,misunderstand,误解,un-,willing,unwilling,不愿意的,happy,unhappy,不高兴的,后缀,例词,-less,hope,hopeless,绝望的,care,careless,粗心的,规则,变动词的前缀和后缀,前缀,例词,en-,large,enlarge,扩大,rich,enrich,使充实；使丰富,后缀,例词,-en,broad,broaden,使变宽,hard,harden,使变硬,-,ify,class,classify,把,分类,beauty,beautify,美化,-,ize,apology,apologize,道歉,emphasis,emphasize,强调,知识点二转化法,不改变词形，把一个词由一种词类转用为另一种词类的方法叫转化法。,动词,名词,walk,take,a walk,散步,swim,have,a swim,游泳,名词,动词,book,n,.,v,.,预订,milk,n,.,v,.,挤奶,形容词,动词,slow,adj,.,v,.,减慢,narrow,adj,.,v,.,使变窄；,(,差距等,),缩小,形容词,副词,hard,adj,.,困难的,ad,v,.,努力地,high,adj,.,高的,ad,v,.,高,deep,adj,.,深的,ad,v,.,深,wide,adj,.,宽的,ad,v,.,广阔地,