第一节课成人高考培训.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,考试形式及试卷结构,试卷总分：,150,考试时间：每年十月,150,分钟,考试方式：,闭卷，笔试,试卷题型比例：客观题：约,73%,，主观题：约,27%,试题难易程度比例：容易题：约,30%,，中等难度题：,50%,，较难题：约,20%,。,部分,考查内容,题号,题量,分值,语音,1-5,5,5,词汇与语法结构,6-20,15,15,完形填空,21-30,15,30,阅读理解,31-55,20,60,补全对话,56-60,5,15,书面表达,61,1,25,总计,61,150,各类题型的应对方法,语音（,Phonetics,）,字典，网上字典,-,,/,爱词霸,听发音，注意意思,Tips:,其一是找同类项法。先从四个选项中找出两个把握比较大的选项，若读音相同，则再从剩余选项中找出一个与这两个选项读音相同的项。由于这三个选项读音相同，为同类项，均非答案，那么最后剩下的选项即为该题答案。其二是排除法。也是先从四个选项中找出两个把握比较大的逸项，若读音不同，其中之一必定是答案。再从其中找出一个熟悉的选项，以确定这两个选项中哪一个是答案，同时排除非答案选项。,26,个英语字母大小写及发音,元音字母,在重读开音节中的读音,在重读音节中的读音,a,lake,name,face,map,bad,cap,e,she,be,we,bed,sell,pen,i,nine,like,pipe,it,did,hit,o,so,go,no,rod,lot,hot,u,ju,:,use,cube,mule,us,gun,sun,练习，,P.7,A),a,sk B)p,a,st C)w,a,s D)f,a,st,A)w,ar,m B)c,ar,C),ar,m D)p,ar,ty,A)b,a,ll B)t,a,ll C)w,a,ll D)sh,a,ll,A)t,ea,ch B)h,ea,d C)l,ea,d D)m,ea,t,A)f,ie,ld B)bel,ie,ve C)d,ie,D)th,ie,f,A)c,o,me B)s,o,me C)m,o,ve D)l,o,ve,A)l,oo,k B)w,oo,d C)f,oo,t D)b,oo,t,A)c,or,n B)sp,or,t C)h,or,se D)w,or,se,A)s,ou,th B)y,ou,ng C)sh,ou,t D)r,ou,nd,A)c,ow,B)h,ow,C)n,ow,D)b,ow,l,词类,名词,teacher(,教师,),car(,汽车,),，,computer(,电脑,),冠词,定冠词,:the,不定冠词：,a/an,代词,人称代词，物主代词，指示代词，反身代词，不定代词，疑问代词，关系代词，连接代词,数词,基数词和序数词,形容词,nice(,漂亮的，好的,),，,good(,好的,),，,high(,高的,),副词,quickly(,快地,),happily(,快乐地,),，,clearly(,清楚地,),动词,run(,跑,),jump(,跳,),，,drive(,开车,),，,drink(,喝,),介词,in(,在,里面,),on(,在,上面,),，,behind(,在,后面,),连词,and(,和,),or(,或者，否则,),，,but(,但是,),语法（,Grammar,）,英语中的词,名称,意义,例词,名词（,noun,）,表示人、事物或地点 的名称,Marx,Shanghai,Book,hope,代词（,pronoun,）,代替名词、数词等,This,that,I,it,my,your,形容（,adjective,）,表示人或事物的性质或特征,Small,big,beautiful,cute,数词（,numeral,）,表示数量或顺序,One,two,first,second,动词（,verb,）,表示动作或状态,Be,go,come,have,副词（,adverb,）,表示动作的特征,Quickly,slowly,happily,冠词（,article,）,用在名词前，帮助说明其所指对象,A(an),the,介词（,preposition,）,表示名词、代词等和其他词之间的关系,In,on,of,连词（,conjunction,）,连接词与词、短语与短语或句与句,And,but,感叹词（,interjection,）,表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感或语气,Oh,wow,hello,名词,可数名词和不可数名词。,Eg,：,water,，,milk,。不可数的。,desk,，,chair,，,apple,。可数的,可数名词的变形规则,一般是在单数名词后面直接加,S,：,apple(,苹果,)-apple,s,orange(,橘子,)-orange,s,Student,（学生）,-student,s,book,（书本）,-book,s,table,（桌子）,-table,s,如果单数名词以,s,x,ch,sh,tch,结尾的，变成复数时需要在名词后面加,es,:,bus(,公共汽车,)-bus,es,，,brush(,刷子,)-brush,es,box(,箱子,)-box,es,，,watch,（手表）,-watch,es,一般以,y,结尾的单数名字在变复数时要将,y,变成,i,再加,es,:,country(,国家,)-countr,ies,，,university,（大学）,-universit,ies,特殊情况：如果,y,前面是元音字母（,a,e,i,o,u,）的单数名词,y,不变直接加,s:,boy(,男孩,)-boy,s,，,day(,白天,)-day,s,，,toy(,玩具,)-toy,s,以,O,结尾的名词的变形：,1.,加,es,:negro(,黑奴,)-negro,es,hero(,英雄,)-hero,es,，,potato,（土豆）,-potato,es,tomato(,西红柿,)-tomato,es,2.,加,s,:photo(,照片,)-photo,s,，,kilo,（千克）,-kilo,s,radio(,收音机,)-radio,s,zoo(,动物园,)-zoo,s,以,f,或者,fe,结尾的单数名词变法：,1.,一般是把,f,或者,fe,变成,v,再加,es,：,half,（半）,hal,ves,knife,（小刀）,kni,ves,leaf,（叶子）,lea,ves,wolf,（狼）,wol,ves,wife,（妻子）,wi,ves,life,（生活，生命）,li,ves,thief,（小偷）,thie,ves,shelf(,书架,)shel,ves,2.,有些加,s,:roof(,屋顶,)roof,s,safe(,保险箱,),safe,s,belief(,信念，信仰,)belief,s,Gulf(,海湾,)gulf,s,不规则单数名词的变法：,M,a,n(,男人,)-m,e,n wom,a,n(,女人,)-wom,e,n f,oo,t(,脚,)-f,ee,t t,oo,th(,牙齿,)-t,ee,th,Child(,孩子,)-child,ren,m,ouse,(,老鼠,)-m,ice,g,oo,se(,鹅,)-g,ee,se,形复意单：,News(,新闻，消息,)politics(,政治,)mathematics(,数学,)means(,方法,),形单意复：,People(,人民,)police(,警察,),单复数同形：,Chinese,，,Japanese,，,sheep,复合词变复数：,son-in-law(,女婿,)-son-in-law,s,looker-on(,旁观者,)-looker,s,-on,tooth-brush(,牙刷,)-tooth-brush,es,m,a,n doctor(,男医生,)-m,e,n doctor,s,wom,a,n professor(,女教授,)-wom,e,n professor,s,汉语中可数英语中不可数：,furniture(,家具,)-a piece of furniture(,一件家具,),bread(,面包,)-a loaf of bread(,一个面包,),形复数意也是复数：,trousers(,裤子,)goods(,货物,)clothes(,衣服,),练习,把下列名词变成复数。,1.ship,2.horse,3.bus,4.box,5.knife,6.country,7.boy,8.tomato,9.radio,10.hero,11.foot,12.leaf,13.policeman,14.child,15.man teacher,ships,horses,buses,boxes,knives,countries,boys,tomatoes,radios,heroes,feet,leaves,policemen,children,men teachers,2.,把下列词组翻译成英语,十个英雄,三台收音机,许多城市,两只脚,四个孩子,一双鞋,two feet,three radios,many cities,ten heroes,four children,a pair of shoes,人称代词的单复数,单数,复数,主格,宾格,主格,宾格,第一人称,I,我,me,we,我们,us,第二人称,you,你,you,you,你们,you,第三人称,he,他,him,they,他们、她们、它们,them,she,她,her,it,它,it,人称,数,格,练习,用正确的人称代词填空：,1.He sent ten books to (,他们,).,2.We often help (,她,).,3.We are free this evening.Let (,我们,)go to the cinema.,4.The doctor wants to see (,你,),5.“Who is knocking at the door?”“Its (,我,),6.This is a matter between you and (,我,),them,her,us,you,me,me,名词的所有格,有生命的名词加,s,(,在词尾,-s,或,-,es,的复数名词后面则只需加,),组成名词所有格，有形容词的作用修饰名字：,the,writers,arrival,作家的到来,;,the,students,exercise-books,学生们的练习本,;,the,Peoples,Republic of China,中华人民共和国,2),表示无生命的东西的名词，一般与,of,构成短语来表示所属关系：,the name,of,the book,那本书的名字,the walls,of,the room,房间的墙壁,of,名词性物主代词,=,of,+,名词所有格,例：,He is a friend of mine.,他是我的一个朋友。,This is a picture of my sisters.,这是我姐姐的一张照片。,练习,翻译：,一个工人的家庭,我们党的生日,这所学校的毕业生们,影片的名字,这个星期的工作,六英里的距离,一个月的停留,我父亲的一位朋友,a workers family,our partys birthday,the schools graduates,the name of the film,this weeks work,six miles distance,one months stay,a friend of my fathers,物主代词单复数,物主代词,形容词性,名词性,单,数,第一人称,my,我的,mine,我的,第二人称,your,你的,yours,你的,第三人称,his,他的,his,他的,her,她的,hers,她的,its,它的,无,复数,第一人称,our,我们的,ours,我们的,第二人称,your,你们的,yours,你们的,第三人称,their,他们的、她们的，它们的,theirs,他们的、她们的，它们的,类别,人称,数,物主代词的用法及例句,形容词性物主代词的用法,只能作定语修饰名词。例如：,How many chickens are there in,his,basket,.,他的篮子里有多少只小鸡。,My,friend,is going to the museum with,his,brother,.,我的朋友要跟他的哥哥去博物馆。,名词词性物主代词的用法,作主语：,Our,room is on the first floor and,theirs,is on the second.,我们的房间在二楼，他们的在三楼。,作宾语：,I didnt have any dictionary,so I borrowed,his,.,我没有字典所以借他的。,作表语,:“Whose bag is this?”“Its,hers,”.“,这是谁的包？”“是她的。”,This pen is,yours,and that one is,mine,.,这支笔试你的，那支是我的。,练习,These tools are .,we B.us C.our D.ours,2.The sun shines over .,they B.us C.we D.ours,3.Li,Lan,your English teacher,a friend of .,he B.we C.ours D.him,is a great socialist country.,A.We B.Our C.Us D.Ours,数词（,Numerals,）,基数词,序数词,数目,次序,基数词,1.one,2.two,3.three,4.four,5.five,6.six,7.seven,8.eight,9.nine,10.ten,11.eleven,12.twelve,13.thir,teen,14.four,teen,15.,fif,teen,16.six,teen,17.seven,teen,18.eigh,teen,19.nine,teen,20.twenty,21.twenty-one,30.thir,ty,40.four,ty,50.,fif,ty,60.six,ty,70.seven,ty,80.eigh,ty,90.nine,ty,100.a hundred,1000.a thousand,10000.ten thousand,十万：,hundred thousand,百万：,a million,千万：,ten million,亿：,hundred million,十亿：,a billion,例,:,101,：,one hundred,and,one,999:,nine,hundred,and,ninety-nine,1001:,one thousand,and,one,8456:,eight thousand,four hundred,and,fifty-six,18657421:,eighteen million six hundred,and,fifty-seven thousand,four hundred,and,twenty-one,序数词,第,1.first,第,2.second,第,3.third,第,4.four,th,第,5.fif,th,第,6.six,th,第,7.seven,th,第,8.,eigh,th,第,9.,nin,th,第,10.ten,th,第,11.eleven,th,第,12.,twelf,th,第,13.thirteen,th,第,14.fourteen,th,第,15.,fifteen,th,第,16.sixteen,th,第,17.seventeen,th,第,18.eighteen,th,第,19.nineteen,th,第,20.twent,ieth,第,30.thirt,ieth,第,40.fort,ieth,第,50.fift,ieth,第,60.sixt,ieth,第,70.sevent,ieth,第,80.eight,ieth,第,90.ninet,ieth,第,100.hundred,th,第,21.twenty-,first,第,99.ninety-,ninth,第,153 a hundred and fifty-,third,表示年龄,I am fifty-five,years old,.,或者,I am fifty five.,我,55,岁。,10,岁：,ten,years old/ten.,The boy is,ten years old/ten.,29,岁：,She is twenty-nine(,years old,).,表示时间,整点,8,点,：,eight,oclock,I go to work,at,eight,(oclock).,非整点,半个小时以内包括半个小时都用几点几分表示，用到,past,这个词：,7,点,10,分,：,ten,past,seven 8,点一刻,：,a,quarter,past,eight,9,点半,：,half,past,nine,半个小时以后，用介词,to,来表示,：,7,点差,2,分,（,6,点,58,分,）：,two,to,seven,8,点差一刻,：,a quarter,to,eight 9,点差,18,分,：,eighteen,to,nine,简单表示法：直接用基数词表示：,1:20=one twenty;9:30=nine thirty;8:23=eight twenty-three,表示年代、年、月、日,年代,形式：,the,+,基数词复数形式：,30,年代：,the,thirt,ies,在上个世纪的,90,年代：,in the,ninet,ies,of the last century,年月日,年用基数词表示,:,1999:,in,nineteen,ninety-nine,日用序数词表示：在,1,号,：,on,the first,;,在,23,号,：,on,the twenty-third,表示月份不用基数词也不用序数词，有属于表达月份自己的单词：,January(,一月,)February(,二月,)March(,三月,)April(,四月,)May(,五月,),June(,六月,)July(,七月,)August(,八月,)September(,九月,),October(,十月,)November(,十一月,)December(,十二月,),英语中表达年月日的顺序,应该是：月日年或者日月年,1961,年,3,月,7,日,(March 7,1961),March(the)seventh,1961,7th March,1961,表示钱,20,元：,twenty,yuan,50,美元：,fifty,dollars,90,英镑：,ninety,pounds,表示房间号,房间,301,：,Room,three o one,三号楼,206,房间：,Room,two o six,Building,three,表示长、宽、高,3,米长：,three,meters,long,5,米高：,five,meters,high,10,米宽：,ten,meters,wide,其他涉及到数字的表达方式,第,50,页：,page,No.,(number)fifty,901,路车：,No.,nine o one,bus,三中（宁波中学）：,No.,three Middle School,宁波市第六医院：,Ningbo,No.,six Hospital,练习，,p.35,用英语写出下列数字的基数词,107,1845,64087,7,，,460,，,000,2.,用英语写出下列序数词,第一步,第九周,第,21,世纪,第二学年,twenty-five,one hundred and seven,two hundred and thirty-eight,one thousand eight hundred and forty-five,sixty-four thousand and eighty-seven,seven million four hundred and sixty thousand,the first step,the ninth week,the twenty-first century,the second school year,形容词,(Adjectives):,形容人或事物的性质和特性,三个等级：原级、比较级和最高级,形式,比较级,最高级,原级,+,er,或者,more+,原级,原级,+,est,或者,most+,原级,规则变化：,一般直接在词尾加,er,或,est,:tall(,高的,)-tall,er,-tall,est,;,long(,长的,)-long,er,-long,est,large(,大的,)-larg,er,-larg,est,以字母,e,结尾的词只要加,r,或,st,:nice(,好看的,)-nice,r,-nice,st,;,fine(,好的，没事的,)-fine,r,-fine,st,late(,迟的,)-late,r,-late,st,simple(,简单的,)-simple,r,-simple,st,以重读闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母，应该,双写,该辅音字母再加,er,或,est,：,big(,大的,)-bi,gg,er,-bi,gg,est,;,thin(,瘦的,薄的,)-thi,nn,er,-thi,nn,est,；,hot(,热的,)-ho,tt,er,-ho,tt,est,;,slim(,苗条的，修长的,)-sli,mm,er,-sli,mm,est,red(,红色的,)-re,dd,er,-re,dd,est,;,fat(,胖的，肥的,)-fa,tt,er,-fa,tt,est,sad(,伤心的,)-sa,dd,er,-sa,dd,est,以辅音字母加,y,结尾的双音节，先改,y,为,i,再加,er,或,est,：,easy(,容易的，简单的,)-eas,i,er,-eas,i,est,;,early(,早的,)-earl,i,er,-earl,i,est,;,happy(,高兴的，快乐的,)-happ,i,er,-happ,i,est,;,heavy(,重的,)-heav,i,er,-heav,i,est,busy(,繁忙的,)-bus,i,er,-bus,i,est,以,-,er,-,ow,结尾的双音节词，在词尾加,er,或者,est,:,clever(,聪明的,)-clever,er,-clever,est,narrow(,狭窄的,)-narrow,er,-narrow,est,多音节词和部分双音节词，在这些词前加,more,或,most,变成他们的比较级和最高级：,important(,重要的,)-,more,important-,most,-important,interesting(,有趣的,)-,more,interesting-,most,interesting,useful(,有用的,)-,more,useful-,most,useful,不规则变化,例词,原级,比较级,最高级,good,好的（指性质）,well,好的（指健康）,bad,坏的（指性质）,ill,坏的（指健康）,many,数目多的,much,数量多的,little,数量少的,far,远的,late,迟的,old,旧的，老的,better,best,worse,worst,more,most,less,least,f,u,rther,f,a,rther,f,u,rthest,f,a,rthest,later,latter,latest,last,older,elder,oldest,eldest,形容词比较级的用法,-,当两个人或者物体进行比较的时候，句子中一般会出现标志的词,than,A watermelon is,bigger,than,an apple.,西瓜比苹果大。,这本书比那本书更有趣：,This book is,more interesting,than,that one.,-,当甲方的程度随乙方的变化而变化时,(,越。越。,),，,句型：,the+,比较级,the+,比较级,：,The,more,the,better,.(,越多越好,),The,farther,away an object is from us,the,smaller,it looks,.(,物体离我们越远，看起来越小,),-,the+,比较级,+of,有名词短语的作用：,两个人或者物体中较怎么样的一个,He is,the taller of,the two football players.,两个足球队员中，他是较高的。,表示程度越来越加深时：,比较级,+and+,比较级,：越来越。,When summer comes,the days get,longer and longer,.,夏天到来的时候，白天越来越长。,Our town becomes,bigger and bigger,because of the economic development.,由于经济的发展，我们的市镇越来越大了。,表示倍数的方法,+,倍数,+,形容词比较级,+than+,：,That room is,three times bigger than,this.(,那个房间比这个大,3,倍,),形容词最高级的用法,用于三个或者三个以上的人或者事物进行比较，前面通常要加定冠词,the,Beijing is one of,the most beautiful,cities in the world.,北京是世界上最美丽的城市之一。,Hydrogen is,the lightest,of all gases.,氢气是气体当中最轻的。,练习，,p.38,用括号内所给形容词的适当形式填空：,1,）,He is (old)than I.,Shanghai is (large)than Guangzhou.,You look (young)than you really are.,He said his family was much (rich)than before.,We should spend (little)money and do (many)things.,The,Changjiang,River is (long)river in China.,Who is (old)in your class.,Here are some pictures.Which one is (beautiful)?,“Which country is (large)in the world?”Dick asked his father.,Which is (expensive),the white one,the red one or the yellow one?,older,larger,younger,richer,less,more,the longest,the eldest,the most beautiful,the largest,the most expensive,把下列句子翻译成英语,第,2,课比第,1,课难,我们的生活比以前好得多了,地球并非是所有行星中最大的。,这艘船比那艘长,3,倍,A,班学生和,B,班学生一样多,1.lesson one is more different than lesson two.,2.Our life has become much better than ever before.,3.The earth is not the largest of all the planets.,4.This ship is three times longer than that one.,5.There are as many students in Class A as in Class B.,6.,我对英语越来越感兴趣,7.,我越忙越感到高兴,8.301,号教室不如,306,号教室大,9.,月亮比太阳离我们更近,10.,星期三是她最忙的一天。,6.I am becoming more and more interested in English.,7.The busier I am,the happier I feel.,8.Classroom 301 is not so big as Classroom 306.,9.The moon is much nearer to us than the sun.,10.Wednesday is her busiest day.,Youre humorous.,当我们想形容某个人比较风趣,但是，地道的口语中，我们通常会用另外一个词：,hilarious,hilris,这个词通常用来形容人很风趣，有幽默感，或某事有趣,好玩等。,例如：,I find that movie,hilarious,.,我觉得那部电影很有趣。,Last night was,hilarious,.,昨晚好玩极了。,What you just said was,hilarious,.,你刚才说的那些太好玩了。,a sense of humor,可以用来形容某人有趣，有幽默感。,easy-going,，,比较随便的人,She has a really good sense of humor.,她太有幽默感了。,A good sense of humor is more important than physical appearance.,幽默感比外表更重要。,He has a good sense of humor about himself.,他老拿自己开玩笑,(,意思是他是一个很随和的人,),在,sense of humor,前加个“,no”,My English teacher has no sense of humor.,(,我的英语老师没一点幽默感，无聊极了,),。,副词,大多数的副词都是由形容词加,-,ly,变化过来的，表示行为或性质的特征，可用来修饰动词，形容词，副词，短语或者整个句子。,副词和形容词一样也具有比较级。,例词,(,形容词与副词同形,),原级,比较级,最高级,hard,fast,slow,late,early,hard,er,fast,er,slow,er,late,r,earl,ier,hard,est,fast,est,slowest,late,st,earl,iest,原级,比较级,最高级,大部分由形容词加,ly,变过来的副词，变比较级和最高级时在该词前加,more,或者,most,happily,高兴地,completely,完全地,heavily,重地,more,happily,more,completely,more,heavily,most,happily,most,completely,most,heavily,不规则变化,原级,比较级,最高级,例词,well,好地,badly,坏地,much,多地,little,小地,far,远地,better,worse,more,less,farther/further,best,worst,most,least,farthest/furthest,When we talk about the universe,we mean not only the earth,the sun,the moon and the stars but also the things too far away to see.,In the past fifty years or so,scientists have been able to“see”,(1),(far and far)into the sky,they have found many“new”stars.They have been there millions of years.,Of all the stars the sun is(2)(near)to the earth.Millions of other stars are even(3)(big and bright)than the sun.They look small only because they are much(4)(far)away.You cant see them in the daytime.But if you go out at night,youll be able to see thousands of them.,The earth is one of the suns planets,and the moon is our satellite.It is our(5)(near)neighbor in the space,and astronauts have visited it already.No man has travelled(6)(far)than the moon,but space ships have been to other planets.,Many countries have sent up man-made satellites to circle the earth.With their help,men have done(7)(good)research work in many fields of science.,Our country has sent and received TV,programmes,through man-made satellites.This has helped the people of China and other countries to understand each other(8)(well).,打招呼，寒暄,实用口语,Hello/Hi/Hey/Good morning(,早上好,)/Good afternoon(,中午好,)/Good evening(,晚上好,)/Good night(,晚安,),-,熟人和陌生人都适用。,Long time no see.(,好久不见,),How are you?Fine,thank you,and you?(,很好，谢谢，你怎么样,),How you doing?(,你好吗，最近怎么样,)Good/Not bad.(,很好,/,不赖,),Its a nice day,isnt it?/Beautiful day,isnt it?,Whats your name?(,你叫什么名字,)My name is,Nice to meet you.Nice to meet you,too.,适用于熟人见面时,适用于第一次见面,自我介绍,(self-introduction),职务：,worker:,工人；,manager,：经理,officer,：官员；,workshop director,：车间主任,factory director,：厂长,engineer,：工程师,Ningbo,Bicai,Industry co,Ltd.,电子元件：,electric component,My name is xxx.I am from xxx Province./Im a,Ningboer,.I am a worker/officer and I work in xxx company.,