中考英语语法填空专项复习.doc

-中考英语语法填空专题复习经典

一、初三中考语法填空（含答案详细解析）
1．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入合适内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词对形式。
    In Britain you aren't allowed ________ （drive） a car until you are seventeen. You have to get a special driving license ________ you can drive, When you're learning, someone with a full license always has to be in the car ________ you. You aren't allowed to drive the car on the road alone.
    You don't have to go to a driving school. A friend can teach you. The person who teaches you isn't allowed to take money ________ the lesson unless he has got a teacher s license.
    You have to take a ________ （drive） test to have a full license. If you don't pass the test, you will be allowed to take it again a few weeks later if you want to. In 1970, a woman passed her ________ （forty） test after 212 driving lessons! When you have passed your test, you are allowed to go on driving as long ________ you like, if you are ________ （health）. Britain's ________ （old） driver was a man who drove in 1974 at the age of 100. Before 1904, everyone was allowed to drive, even ________ （child）. From then on car drivers must have licenses.
【答案】 to drive；before；with；for；driving；fortieth；as；healthy；oldest；children
【解析】【分析】本文简介了英国在开车上路之前考取驾照状况。
（1）句意： 在英国，直到17岁你才被容许开车。be allowed to do，固定搭配，容许做某事，故此处是不定式，故填 to drive。
（2）句意： 你必须得到一张特殊驾驶执照才能开车。根据常识，开车前要考驾照，之前before ， 故填 before。
（3）句意： 当你学习时候，一种有驾照人总是必须在你车里和你在一起。根据 has to be in the car 可知是和某人在车里，是介词，with ， 故填 with。
（4）句意： 除非有教师执照，否则教你人不容许为了钱上课。for，介词表达目，为了 ， 故填 for。
（5）句意： 必须参与驾驶考试才能获得驾照。test是名词其前是形容词，此处是动名词做定语，表达用途 ， 故填 driving。
（6）句意： 1970年，一名女子通过212节驾驶课，通过了第40次考试！根据限定词her可知此处是序数词，forty是基数词，fortieth是序数词 ， 故填 fortieth。
（7）句意： 假如你健康，当你通过考试后，只要你喜欢你可以继续驾驶。as long as，固定搭配，只要，故填 as。
（8）句意：假如你健康，当你通过考试后，只要你喜欢你可以继续驾驶。are系动词后是形容词，health是名词，healthy是系动词 ， 故填 healthy。
（9）句意： 英国最老司机是1974年100岁时开车人。driver是名词其前是形容词，此处根据100岁可知是最老司机，用形容词最高级 ， 故填 oldest。
（10）句意： 19此前，每个人都被容许开车，甚至是小孩。此处是名词复数表达泛指，child复数是children ， 故填 children。
【点评】考察语法填空，注意非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种使用方法。

2．阅读下面短文，根据文章大意用所给单词合适形式填空（未提供单词，限填一词），使文章意思完整、对。
    There is a nice family living in Valladolid, a beautiful city in Spain.________father, Jose Garcia, is a tall and friendly man. He________（work） in a famous company. He married Teresa, a________（beauty） woman, ________dark eyes and light hair. She is a ________（teach） of a primary school. Jose and Teresa have three________（child）: Susan, Rebecca and Juan. The________（old）, Susan, is 24 years old. She's a doctor and busy with her work every day. She________（usual） goes to work at 8 a.m. and comes home after 7p.m. Rebecca, a beautiful girl with big dark eyes, is 19 years old and________（study）Chinese in the Canary Islands. Juan, a naughty 11-year-oldboy, dreams of________a great football player. They are a happy family.
【答案】 The；works；beautiful；with；teacher；children；eldest；usually；studies；becoming
【解析】【分析】文章大意：在西班牙漂亮都市瓦拉多利德，住着一种很好家庭。何塞·加西亚娶了特蕾莎。她是一所小学五年级教师。何塞和特蕾莎生了三个孩子：苏珊、丽贝卡和胡安。苏珊，24岁。她是个医生，每天都忙于工作。She早上8点上班，晚上7点回家。Rebecca，19岁，在加那利群岛学习中文。胡安，一种顽皮11岁男孩，梦想着成为一名伟大足球运动员。他们是一种幸福家庭。
（1）句意：父亲，何塞加西亚是一种高个子善良人。father特指前文提到住在瓦拉多利德承德市幸福家庭中父亲，因此使用定冠词，由于在句首，手字母t应大写，故答案是The。
（2）句意：他在一种著名企业上班。本文基本时态为一般目前时，因此本句也是一般目前时，主语he是第三人称单数，因此谓语动词使用单三形式，故答案是works。
（3）句意：他娶了一种叫做特蕾莎长着黑色眼睛妇女。beauty作定语修饰woman，应使用形容词beautiful，故答案是beautiful。
（4）句意：他娶了一种叫做特蕾莎长着黑色眼睛妇女、长着黑色眼睛作定语修饰woman，应使用介词with连接，故答案是with。
（5）句意：他是一种小学老师。根据冠词a，可知背面单数可数名词，与teach有关名词是teacher，老师，故答案是teacher。
（6）句意：何塞和特蕾莎有三个孩子。child孩子，可数名词，根据three可知应使用复数形式children，故答案是children。
（7）句意：最大，苏珊24岁了。根据后文论述可知苏珊年龄最大，兄弟姐妹之间年龄最大使用eldest，故答案是eldest。
（8）句意：她一般八点上班。usual修饰go to work，应使用副词形式usually，故答案是usually。
（9）句意：长着黑色大眼睛丽贝卡19岁了，在加那利群岛学习中文，文章基本时态为一般目前时，主语Rebacca是第三人称单数，动词使用单三形式，故答案是studies。
（10）句意：十一岁胡安是一种调皮男孩，他梦想是成为一乐伟大足球运动员。空缺处是 a great football player. 逻辑谓语，可以跟 a great football player. 构成动宾关系是become，of是介词，介词后跟动词ing形式，故答案是becoming。
【点评】考察词汇在篇章中运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等原因。最终通读一遍，检查验证。

3．阅读下面短文，按照句子构造和上下午连贯规定，在空格处填入一种合适词或使用括号中词语对形式填空。
    Jason and Andy are twins. They share a lot of things, including room, food and toys.
    One Saturday, Jason and Andy went out ________（play） with a toy car. Both of them wanted to be the owner of the car, so they shouted at each other. ________（They） mother heard the boys arguing. She came out and told them to take turns to play with the toy car, but the twins wouldn't.
    A few days later, Mother brought ________ pet home. "Can't we each have our own pet dog?" asked the boys. They were ________（tire） of sharing everything.
    "No! The dog must ________ （share）." Mother said. "You will have to feed the dog and make sure it does not get into anything wrong."
    Several days later, the dog got into mother's room ________（secret） and made a mess there. Jason saw the dog playing with mother's clothes. He quickly went to find Andy and told him ________ the dog had done.
    "Oh, no! It's our duty to clean up the mess!" ________（cry） Andy. They boys picked up the clothes and put them away rapidly.
    "Just think, Jason," said Andy, "what a big mess two ________（dog） would made!"
    "I agree ________ you," laughed Jason, "Maybe sharing isn't so bad!"
【答案】 to play；Their；a；tired；be shared；secretly；what；cried；dogs；with
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了兄弟两人通过养狗学会了分享。
（1）句意： 一种星期六，杰森和安迪带着一辆玩具车出去玩 。go out to do，固定搭配，出去做某事，故填 to play。
（2）句意： 他们母亲听到男孩们在争执。mother是名词，其前是形容词性物主代词，they形容词性物主代词是their，他们，故填Their。
（3）句意： 几天后，妈妈带了一只宠物回家。dog是可数名词单数，前面应用冠词限定。pet以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，故填a。
（4）句意： 他们厌倦了分享一切。be tired of doing sth.，固定搭配，厌烦做某事，故填 tired。
（5）句意： “不！这只狗必须分享。”母亲说。share与dog是被动关系，must是情态动词，故用must be done，故填 be shared。
（6）句意： 几天后，这只狗悄悄地进入母亲房间，把那里弄得一团糟。副词修饰动词短语got into，secret副词是secretly，故填 secretly。
（7）句意： 他很快去找安迪，并告诉他狗做了什么。宾语从句中缺乏宾语，故用what指代事或物，故填what。
（8）句意： 哦，不！收拾烂摊子是我们责任！”安迪喊道。描述过去用一般过去时，cry过去式是cried，故填 cried。
（9）句意： 两条狗会弄得多糟啊！dog是可数名词，two修饰可数名词复数，故在dog后直接加s，故填dogs。
（10）句意：“我同意你，”杰森大笑说，“或许分享不是那么坏。”agree with sb.，固定搭配，同意某人，故填with。

【点评】考察语法填空，注意谓语时态，语态，词性，连词搭配等多种使用方法。

4．阅读下面短文，根据文章大意用所给单词合适形式填空（未提供单词，限填一词），使文章意思完整、对。
    There are problems between teenagers and adults. Lack of________ （communicate）is one of them. As for teenagers, it can often be quite difficult to talk to our parents. It seems our parents are always telling us to study. We feel that our parents hardly understand us, so we tend to either talk to our friends________just keep quiet about our problems. We often fail________（see） that our parents care about us. This is a shame because we can actually learn a lot from________（they） experiences. We should not forget that our parents used to be teenagers too. They once________（face） many of the same problems and________（difficult）.So try to be ________open-minded towards their opinions. Remember that our parents just want the________（good） for us. Take the time to sit down and________（real） talk to them.
    They might provide you________some useful advice.
【答案】 communication；or；to see；their；faced；difficulties；more；best；really；with
【解析】【分析】本文简介了孩子与父母件怎么沟通太有效。
（1）句意：缺乏交流是问题之一。句中communicate是动词，作介词of宾语，要用名词形式，communication交流，抽象名词 ，故填 communication。
（2）句意： 是我们要么和朋友交谈，要么就对我们问题保持沉默，either…or…要么……要么……，固定搭配，故填or。
（3）句意： 我们总是看不到父母对我们关怀。fail to do sth，不能成功地做某事，故此处是不定式 ，故填to see。
（4）句意： 这很遗憾，由于我们实际上可以从他们经历中学到诸多东西。修饰名词experiences，要用形容词性物主代词their ，they是主格，故填their。
（5）句意： 他们曾经也遇到过相似问题和困难。描述过去要用一般过去时态 ，故填faced。
（6）句意：他们曾经也遇到过相似问题和困难。 句中and连接并列构造，difficult要和前面problems保持一致，用difficulties体现多种各样困难，故填difficulties。
（7）句意： 我们要努力用更开放思维看待父母观点。be系动词后是形容词，此处暗含比较，故用比较级，复合形容词 open-minded前加more是比较级，故填more。
（8）句意： 父母总想把最佳给我们。the定冠词是最高级标志，good最高级是best，故填best。
（9）句意：花点时间坐下来和他们交谈。副词修饰动词talk，real是形容词，副词是really，故填really。
（10）句意：他们也许会给你提供某些有用提议。 provide sb with sth，固定搭配，提供某人某物 ，故填with。
【点评】考察语法填空，注意谓语时态，词性，连词，比较级搭配等多种使用方法。

5．阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词提醒，在每个空格内填入一种合适词，规定所填词意义精确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
    When I was in the middle school, I got into an argument with a boy in my class. The teacher ________（decide） to teach us a very important lesson.
    She brought us up to the front of the ________ ['kla:sru:m]and placed him on one side of her desk and________on the other. In the middle of her desk was a large, round object. I could ________（hard）see that it was black. She asked the boy what color the object was. "White," he________[' a:nsa（r）d]
    I couldn't________[bɪ'liːv] he said the object was white, when it was clearly black! Another argument started between my classmate and me, this time about the________of the object.
    The teacher told me to stand where the boy was standing and told him to come stand where I had been. We changed________（place）, and now she asked me what the color of the object was. I had to answer, "White."
    It was an object with two differently colored sides, and from his viewpoint （视角） it was________. Only from my side it was black.
    I have always remembered the lesson I learned that day. Sometimes we need to look at the problem from the other ________（person） viewpoint in order to truly understand his/her view.
【答案】 decided；classroom；me；easily；answered；believe；color；places；white；person's
【解析】【分析】本文简介了作者明白认识道理，我们需要从他人角度来看待问题，以便真正理解他观点。
（1）句意：老师决定给我们上一节很重要课。根据 When I was in the middle school可知时态是一般过去时 ， 故填 decided。
（2）句意：她把我们带到教室前面根据，定冠词the后是名词， ['kla:sru:m] 是classroom，教室，是名词，故填 classroom。
（3）句意：让他在桌子一边，我在另一边，在她桌子中间有一种很大圆形物体。此处是placed并列宾语，故用宾格，此处指代作者，故用第一人称单数，me，是代词，我，故填me。
（4）句意：我很容易看出它是黑色。根据  it was black可知这个成果是很显然，故此处是轻松地，副词修饰动词，hard，是副词，困难地，easily，是副词 ， 故填 easily。
（5）句意：“白色，”他回答。描述过去用一般过去时， [' a:nsa（r）d]answered，是动词过去式 ，故填 answered。
（6）句意：我真不敢相信他说那东西是白色。根据，couldn't是情态动词，其后是动词原形， [bɪ'liːv] believe，是动词，相信，故填 believe。
（7）句意：另一种争论开始于我和我同学之间，这次是有关物体颜色。根据上下文白色和黑色可知，是谈论颜色，the定冠词后是名词，color，是名词，故填 color。
（8）句意：我们换了地方。此处缺乏宾语，故是名词，表达彼此位置，是复数，place是名词，故填 places。
（9）句意：这是一种两面颜色不一样物体，在他看来是白色。系动词is后是形容词，根据上文我真不敢相信他说那东西是白色，可知这个位置看是白色，white，是形容词，故填 white。
（10）句意：我一直记得那天教训有时我们需要从他人角度来看待问题，以便真正理解他/她观点。viewpoint是名词，person是名词，故此处是名词所有格，故填 person's。
【点评】考察语法填空，注意谓语时态，词性，所有格，和所给单词读音等多种使用方法。

6．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一种合适词,或填入括号中所给单词对形式。
How are American families different from Chinese ones?
    In some ways American families are very different from Chinese ones, and in other ways they are ________ same. For example, American families enjoy family dinners. They support and love each other just ________ Chinese families do. The ________（different） come from culture, however. Many Chinese students are surprised to learn that American teenagers are ________（allow） to make many decisions ________ their own, and the parents want their children to leave home at eighteen.
    In most American families, children are encouraged to make their own ________（choose） at a young age. They start with small choices and gradually larger ones until they graduate from high school. That is when they face ________（big） decision of their lives: what to do next. Parents and family will help with the choice, but the children themselves make the ________（finally） decision.
    Americans seldom move back into family homes ________ they get older. ________, they prefer to have their own lives for as long as possible. It is important to remember that these are cultural differences, and that Americans see this as part of the culture.
【答案】 the；as；differences；allowed；on；choices；the biggest；final；when；Instead
【解析】【分析】本文简介了美国家庭和中国家庭不一样。
（1）句意： 在某些方面，美国家庭与中国家庭非常不一样，而在其他方面，他们是同样。be the same，固定搭配，相似，故填the。
（2）句意： 他们互相支持和爱，就像中国家庭同样。just as引导方式状语从句，像……同样，故填as。
（3）句意：然而又有文化不一样。the定冠词后是名词，根据谓语是动词原形come，可知主语是名词复数，different是形容词，difference是名词，故填differences。
（4）句意： 许多中国学生惊讶地发现，美国青少年容许自已做诸多决定，父母但愿他们孩子在18岁离开家。be allowed to do，固定搭配，容许做某事，故填allowed。
（5）句意：许多中国学生惊讶地发现，美国青少年容许自已做诸多决定，父母但愿他们孩子在18岁离开家。make decisions on sth，固定搭配，做有关……决定，故填on。
（6）句意： 在大多数美国家庭中，孩子们被鼓励在年幼时做出自已选择。their形容词性物主代词后是名词，此处表达泛指用名词复数，choose是动词，choice是名词，故填choices。
（7）句意：那是他们面临人生最大决定：下一步该做什么。根据 of their lives 可知是最高级比较范围，big是形容词，最高级前要有the定冠词，故填the biggest。
（8）句意： 父母和家人会协助他们做出选择，不过孩子自已会做出最终决定。 decision是名词其前是形容词，finally是副词，final是形容词，故填final。
（9）句意： 美国人很少在他们长大后搬回家里。根据 move back into family homes 和they get older 可知此处是时间状语从句，故表达当……时候，故是连词when，故填when。
（10）句意： 相反他们更喜欢尽量长期地拥有自已生活。此处是副词位于句首， move back into family homes 搬回家和prefer to have their own lives 拥有自已生活，表达相反两种成果，故填Instead。
【点评】考察语法填空，注意非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种使用方法

7．阅读下面短文，用括号内所给词合适形式填空，必要时可加助动词或情态动词。
    People spend almost a third of their lives doing one thing—sleeping. Every year, there is a day for people around the world to celebrate the ________ （important） of good and healthy sleep—World Sleep Day.
    Sleep is like food for the brain. Healthy sleep helps the body and brain grow and develop. People of different ages need different amounts of sleep. It is said that eight hours per night ________ （consider） the average amount of sleep. For students aged 10 to 17, a healthy amount is about eight to nine hours per night. However, last year, the China Youth and Children Research Center ________ （report） that about four ________ （five） of middle school students didn't get enough sleep. For some students, they want to sleep early, but they keep ________ （worry） about their schoolwork and can't fall ________ （sleep） quickly. A lack （缺乏） of sleep can greatly affect （影响） a person's life. Students who don't get enough sleep may get poor grades. They cannot pay attention in class or do well in sports.
    ________ （solve） this kind of problem, scientists advise that students should have ________ （little） schoolwork and more time to sleep. There are some other ways to help people get enough sleep, such as ________ （take） a 20-minute nap （午睡） during the day, trying to go to sleep earlier and so on . Good sleeping habits are also ________ （help）. For example, try to go to sleep and wake up at the same time every day, even on weekends and during the day.
【答案】 importance；is considered；reported；fifths；worrying/worried；asleep；To solve；less；taking；helpful
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文是一篇与睡眠有关短文，讲述了睡眠与健康关系，不一样年龄人需要不一样睡眠时间，中国青少年学生睡眠现实状况以及处理措施等。
（1）句意：每年，世界各地均有一种节日来庆祝良好健康睡眠重要性——世界睡眠日。由前面定冠词the，可知此处应填入一种名词，important是形容词“重要”，与其对应名词是importance“重要”，故答案填importance。
（2）句意：听说每晚8小时睡眠时间被认为是平均睡眠时间。由题干可知主语eight hours与动词consider之间存在被动关系，因此应用被动语态，文章时态为一般目前时，时间作主语谓语动词用单数，因此be动词用is，consider过去分词是considered，故答案填is considered。
（3）句意：然而，去年中国青少年研究中心报道。由last year可知，动词时态用一般过去时，report过去式为reported，故答案填reported。
（4）句意：大概五分之四中学生睡眠局限性。这里考察分数体现措施，在英语中一般用基数词表达分数分子，用序数词表达分数分母；当分子不小于1时，分母要用复数形式，因此五分之四对书写是four fifths，故答案填fifths。
（5）句意：对于某些学生来说，他们想早点睡觉，不过他们总是紧张他们学业。keep doing sth.或者keep+形容词，都表达“使…处在某种状态”，worried，是形容词，故答案填worrying/worried。
（6）句意：他们不能很快入睡。联络上文语境，结合提醒词可知此处句意为“他们不能很快入睡。”“入睡”fall asleep，固定词组，前面有情态动词can't，因此这里用动词原形，故答案填asleep。
（7）句意：为了处理此类问题。这里应用动词不定式表达目，故答案填To solve。
（8）句意：科学家提议学生应当少做功课，多睡觉。根据背面more time to sleep可知此处应体现是“作更少功课”，句中暗含比较级，little比较级为less，故答案填less。
（9）句意：例如白天小睡20分钟。such as意思是“例如”，as是介词后接动词ing形式，故答案填taking。
（10）句意：良好睡眠习惯也很有协助。前面有系动词are，后接