初中英语代词总结.doc

类别

人称代词
物主代词
反身代词
主格
宾格
形容词性
名词性
单数
复数
单数
复数
单数
复数
单数
复数
单数
复数

第一人称

I
we
me
us
my
our
mine
ours
myself
ourselves

第二人称

you
you
you
you
your
your
yours
yours
yourself
yourselves
第三人称

he
they
him
them

his

their
his
theirs

himself
themselves
she
they
her
her
hers
herself
it
they
it
its
its
itself

用法：1人称代词主格作主语。当几个不同的人称代词时，排列顺序是：单数是二、三、一。复数是一、二、三。
2人称代词宾格作宾语。主要用在动词和介词后。
3形容词性物主代词相当于一个形容词，后必需加名词。
4名词性物主代词相当于一个名词，后不用加名词。（形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性物主代词。
5反身代词主要用一些固定词组中：teach oneself; learn by oneself; enjoy oneself; help oneself(to +sth.);hurt oneself; by oneself; see ……oneself; say oneself；dress oneself

单数
复数
用法
this
these
指下文将要提及的事
近指This is my book.
that
those
指前面（上文）刚刚提过的事⑴
远指That is her bike.

指示代词用法that（1）的用法和中文的用法是不同的。He was ill. That’s why he didn’t come.
that those可以代替前面提到过的事物.eg: The weather of Kunming is better than that (=the weather)of Beijing. The radios made in Shanghai are as good as those (the radios) made in Tianjin.

it one that 的区别：
it用来指特指，指上下文提到同一对象,同一事物。eg: May I use your bike? Sure ,you can use it.(=the bike.)
one 泛指，指上文提到的同类事物中一个，同类而不同一。Who has a pen? I have one .(a pen)
that 代替前面提到的名词，以避免重复。The weather in Beijing is colder than that(the weather)in Guangzhou.

somebody(某人)
anybody(任何人)
nobody(没有人)
everybody (每人)
someone(某人)
anyone(任何人)
no one(没有人)
everyone(每人)
something(某事)
anything(任何事)
nothing(没有东西)
everything(一切、万物)

1. some, any ,no,和every可以和one, body, thing构成复合代词，它们的用法与some any的用法相同some用在肯定句和期待得到对方的肯定的回答的疑问中。 any用于疑问句、否定句和条件中。
2 修饰不定代词的词一定要放在不定代词后。I have something important to tell you.
3. 当主句的主语是人的复合不定代词如 eveybody ,nobody ,anyone等时，其反意疑问句的主语通常用代词they；当主句中的主语是指物复合不定代词如everything, anyting, something nothing等时，其反意疑问句的主语用代词it. Everyting is ready, isn’t it? Everyone is here, aren’t they?
4.复合不定代词本身做主语时谓语用单数。
5.everybody=everyone,只能指人； every one既可指人又可指物，还可以和 of连用。

what询问某人的职业
What does his father do?(what’s his father?) He is a worker
who询问某人的身份、姓名
Who is the boy? He is Li Ming.

what指不定数目中的“哪一个，哪一些”。没有一定范围的限定。
What would you like?
which“哪一个，”在一定范围内特指的人或物。
Which do you like,spring or summer?
There are many trees on the both sides./on the each side .on the either side road.

都
任何
每一个
都不
两者
both
either
every
neither
三者（以上）
all
any
each
none
1． both两者都;all三者或三者以上人或物都。在句中作主语时，谓语用复数。与not连用时，表示部分否定，译为“并非所有都……Both John and Ann have friends.All of us don’t like meat.=Not all of us like meat.
2.either用于两者，指两者之一（两者间任何一个）； any用于三者或三者以上。When shall we meet,this evening or tomorrow morning. Either time is OK. when shall we meet? Any time is OK.
3.neither是 both的反义词，表示“两者都不”。作主语时谓语用单数。none是all的反义词，表示“三者或三者以上的人或物都不。”作主语时可单可复。注意none与no one的区别。

可数
不可数
肯定
a few（有一些）
a little（有一点）
否定
few（几乎没有）
little（几乎没有）

There is a little water in the bottle, is there?
There is little water in the bottle, isn’t there?

不定代词
意义
用法说明
other
另外的
只作定语，常与复数名词或不可数名词连用；前面有the.this,that,some,your等时，则可以与单数连用。Other+名词=others
the other
两者中的另一个
常与one连用，构one……the other；the other+名词=the others
others
泛指别的人或物
是的other复数形式；泛指别的人或物(但不是剩余的全部)，不能作定语，构成some……others……
the others
特指其余的人或物
是the other的复数形式，特指剩余的全部的人或物
another
任何一个，另一个
指三者或三者以上中的任何一个，用作形容词或代词another+单数名词；another+数词+复数名词 译为“再 又”
1.I have two pens. One is red, the other is blue
2.I don’t like the book, please give me another one..
3.Some students are listening to the radio, others (=other students) are watching TV.（可能还有一些人在干别的。）
4.There are thirty students in our class. Twenty are girls, the other students(=the others) are boys.
5. There are thirty students in our class. Twenty are from Beijing. The others are from Nanjing.(其余的全来自南京)
6. There are thirty students in our class. Twenty are from Beijing. others are from Nanjing.(还有来自南京的，暗示其余十人不只是来自南京，还可能有来自上海等地。)
7．You can stay another ten days.=You can stay ten more days.