大学英语四级练习及答案.doc

英语四级
Test9
For many people today, reading is no longer relaxation.To keep up their work they must read letters, reports, trade publications, interoffice communications, not to mention newspapers and magazines: a never-ending flood of words.In __1__ a job or advancing in one, the ability to read and comprehend __2__ can mean the difference between success and failure.Yet the unfortunate fact is that most of us are __3__ readers. Most of us develop poor reading __4__ at an early age, and never get over them. The main deficiency __5__ in the actual stuff of language itself-words.Taken individually, words have __6__ meaning until they are strung together into phrased, sentences and paragraphs. __7__ , however, the untrained reader does not read groups of words.He laboriously reads one word at a time, often regressing to __8__ words or passages.Regression, the tendency to look back over __9__ you have just read, is a common bad habit in reading.Another habit which __10__ down the speed of reading is vocalization—sounding each word either orally or mentally as __11__ reads.
　To overcome these bad habits, some reading clinics use a device called an __12__ , which moves a bar (or curtain) down the page at a predetermined speed.The bar is set at a slightly faster rate __13__ the reader finds comfortable, in order to“stretch”him.The accelerator forces the reader to read fast, __14__ word-by-word reading, regression and subvocalization, practically impossible. At first __15__ is sacrificed for speed.But when you learn to read ideas and concepts, you will not only read faster, __16__ your comprehension will improve. Many people have found __17__ reading skill drastically improved after some training. __18__ Charlce Au, a business manager, for instance, his reading rate was a reasonably good 172 words a minute __19__ the training,now it is an excellent 1,378 words a minute.He is delighted that how he can __20__ a lot more reading material in a short period of time. (317)

　　1.A.applying     B.doing      C.offering           D.getting

　　2.A.quickly      B.easily      C.roughly       D.decidedly

　　3.A.good        B.curious     C.poor         D.urgent

　　4.A.training      B.habits      C.situations     D.custom

　　5.A.lies         B.combines    C.touches      D.involves

　　6.A.some        B.A lot        C.little        D.dull

　　7.A.Fortunately   B.In fact 　　C.Logically     D.Unfortunately

　　8.A.reuse        B.reread      C.rewrite      D.recite

　　9.A.what        B.which       C.that        D.if

　　10.A.scales      B.cuts         C.slows      D.measures

　　11.A.some one   B.one         C.he          D.reader

　　12.A.accelerator   B.actor       C.amplifier    D.observer

　　13.A.then         B.as         C.beyond     D.than

　　14.A.enabling      B.leading     C.making     D.indicating

　　15.A.meaning      B.comprehension  C.gist     D.regression

　　16.A.but          B.nor           C.or       D.for

　　17.A.our          B.your          C.their     D.such a

　　18.A.Look at       B.Take         C.Make     D.Consider

　　19.A.for          B.in             C.after     D.before

　　20.A.master     B.go over        C.present 　　D.get through

    参考答案与解析：
　　1.【答案】D
　　【解析】本句意思是“谁如果想谋得一份差事”。applying需加for,意思是“申请”；B.doing做；C.offering提供此三项均不符题意，只有D.getting(获得)适合。
　　2.【答案】A
　　【解析】本句意为“快速阅读与理解的能力，是关系到成败的关键所在”只有quickly与原意吻合。easily(容易地)；roughly (粗略地)；decidedly(果断地)均与原文内容不符。

　　3.【答案】C
　　【解析】英语中，阅读速度快的人称为good reader，反之，就是poor reader。
　　根据上下文的内容，多数人都属于poor reader，因此选poor(差的)。其它选项不妥。

　　4.【答案】B
　　【解析】此处的意思是“大多数人早期养成看书慢的习惯”因此选habits(习惯)。training (训练，培训)；situations(形势)；custom(风俗习惯)。
　　5.【答案】A
　　【解析】此处说的是“主要的困难在于语言的自身要素，即单词”。combines联合；touches接触；involves包括，这三项的词义与原文不符。而lies与in构成搭配，意为“在于”。

　　6.【答案】C
　　【解析】这里的意思是“如果单个地看这些字，它们并没有什么意义”。some有点；A lot许多；dull单调的。此三项不合题意。只有little(很少)是否定词，合乎逻辑。
　　7.【答案】D
　　【解析】此句意为“作者对未受过阅读训练的人的不良习惯感到遗憾”。Fortunately幸运地；In fact事实上；Logically合乎逻辑地，均不妥。 　　Unfortunately(不幸地)合乎句义。

　　8.【答案】B
　　【解析】此句意为“在阅读时经常重读(反复读)”因此，选reread重读。reuse再使用；Rewrite改写；recite背诵。
　　9.【答案】A
　　【解析】此处所填的词既是look back over的宾语，又是you have just read的宾语，只有what能充当这种双重成分。

    10.【答案】C
　　【解析】scales down按比例减少；cuts down削减；此两项不合题意。measures不能与down搭配。只有slow与down搭配的意思“放慢”，在此合适。
    11.【答案】B
　　【解析】本段前文已经出现you，在此选one(泛指人们，我们，你)来代替you。some one无此用法。如果用reader，前面应加定冠词。he不能与该段逻辑一致。
　　12.【答案】A
　　【解析】此句意为“训练快速阅读所使用的工具必然与提高阅读速度有关”，因此选accelerator (快读器)。actor演员；amplifier放大器；observer观察者。
　　13.【答案】D
　　【解析】前面的faster决定了应当选than，构成比较级。

　　14.【答案】C
　　【解析】此句意为“快速阅读器迫使你加快阅读速度，使你再也不能逐字阅读，回顾前文内容或者默读”。enabling相当于making possible；leading引导；indicating指出，表明。都不合题意。只有making (使，使得)最合适。

　　15.【答案】B
　　【解析】这里的意思是“速读最初会影响理解”，所以选comprehension(理解力)。meaning意义，意思，指词或词组表示的意义；gist大意，要旨regression回顾
　　16.【答案】A
　　【解析】与前半句中的not only相呼应，构成句式“不仅……，而且……”，只有选but，而nor；or或for均不能构成固定用法。
　　17.【答案】C
　　【解析】本句中的主语是第三人称复数，物主代词必然是their。
　　18.【答案】B
　　【解析】take与后面的for instance构成短语，意为：“以……例”，其它三项不能构成搭配。

　　19.【答案】D
    【解析】这里提到受训之前与受训之后进行比较，对比，因此选before。
　　20.【答案】D
　　【解析】此处意为：在较短时间内，读完众多的材料。master掌握；go over复习；present呈现，展现；此三项均不妥；只有get through (读完)最恰当。
作文The Moonlight Clan

    Nowadays, more and more people, especially the young are joining in the army of “the moonlight clan”. These people exhaust their earnings every month without any savings. Many people think this is a fashionable life style, while other people object to this kind of consumption style.

    Those who support “the moonlight clan” think that “the moonlight clan” knows how to enjoy life and have a higher life quality. However, other people criticize “the moonlight clan”. They say that the consumption habit of “the moonlight clan” is unhealthy and sometimes wasteful. In addition, no savings will place “the moonlight clan” in a difficult position in case of unexpected expenses.

    Weighing these two arguments, I prefer the latter one. In my eyes, though “the moonlight clan” may acquire temporary satisfaction from their consumption, in the long term, it is unfavorable to their family and career. Just as a proverb says, one should always prepare for a rainy day.
改错
1.I replied to her that _______________ (我将会接受她的邀请).

    2.She was angry with her husband ,so _____________ (她不理不睬)when he spoke to her..

    3.How could we get news in our own society or abroad ______________ (没有报纸的话)?

    4.The latest census shows that China's population ______________ (已超过10亿)

    5.We have had ten recorders ,but we still need ____________(需要这么多)as again.

    参考答案与解析：

    1. I would accept her invitation

    解析：本题考点一是时态的一致。由于前半句时态是replied，因此"将要"应译为would。本题考点二是"接受"的英文表达。 accept和 receive都有表示接受的意思。receive指客观已经发生的情况。它只表明事实上收到某物而不管接受者主观上是否愿意接受。如：My father received a letter this morning. 而accept带有主动或赞许的意味，表示不但收下某物，而且内心也同意接受。如：Please accept my little present.下面这句话可以帮助大家分清两个词的使用域：He received an invitation yesterday but he did not accept it.(他昨天收到一份邀请，但却没有接受。)

    2. she ignored him

    解析：由句意可知，她是对丈夫生气了，因而丈夫和她说话时她不予理睬。本题要注意ignore和neglect在含义上的差别。Ignore是故意不理睬别人，而neglect是表示疏忽(责任等)，并非故意，常和to连用，如：Don't neglect to lock the door.

    3. without newspaper

    解析：本句是一个与现在事实相反的虚拟语气句，虚拟语气句并不一定全部要用if条件句引导。很多情况下，一些介词或介词短语，副词短语的出现要求整个句子使用虚拟语气。without就是其中之一。如：I couldn't have passed this exam without your help.(没有你的帮助，我不可能通过这次考试。)这句话用if条件句来表达就是I couldn't have passed this exam if I hadn't had your help. 除了without外，英语里还有很多这样的词或短语是虚拟语气标志词。如：as if，as though，lest，for fear that，in case，even if，even though，in order that，so that，大家在复习虚拟语气语法点的时候要注意总结。

    4. has exceeded one billion

    解析：本句意为：据最新的人口普查，中国人口已超过10亿。本题一是要正确写出数字"10亿"，二是要正确选词"超过"，三是要注意完成时态。

    5. as many

    解析：本题考查倍数对等的正确说法，可以用"... as +adj. +as..."的结构。本句意为：我们已经有10台录音机了，但是我们还需要10台。
阅读
Passage 1

    How to Deal With Difficult People

    In New York City one day, a businesswoman got into a taxi. Because it was rush hour and she was hurrying for a train, she suggested a route. "I've been a cabby(车夫) for 15 years!" the driver yelled. "You think I don't know the best way to go?"

    The woman tried to explain that she hadn't meant to offend him, but the driver kept yelling. She finally realized he was too upset to be reasonable. So she did the unexpected. "You know, you're right," she told him. "It must seem dumb for me to assume you don't know the best way through the city. "

    Taken aback, the driver flashed his rider a confused look in the rear-view mirror, turned down the street she wanted and got her to the train on time. "He didn't say another word the rest of the ride," she said, "until I got out and paid him.  Then he thanked me. "

    When you encounter people like this cab driver, there's an irresistible urge to dig in your heels. This can lead to prolonged arguments, soured friendships, lost career opportunities and broken marriages. As a clinical psychiatrist, I've discovered one simple but extremely unlikely principle that can prevent virtually any conflict or other difficult situation from becoming a recipe for disaster.

    The key is to put yourself in the other person's shoes and look for the truth in what that person is saying.  Find a way to agree. The result may surprise you.

    Sulkers Steve's 14-year-old son, Adam, had been irritable for several days. When Steve asked why, Adam snapped, "Nothing's wrong! Leave me alone!" and stalked off to his room.

    We all know people like this. When there's problem, they may sulk（生闷气）  or act angry and refuse to talk.

    So what's the solution? First, Steve needs to ask himself why Adam won't talk. Maybe the boy is worried about something that happened at school. Or he might be angry at his dad but afraid to bring it up because Steve gets defensive whenever he is criticized. Steve can pursue these possibilities the next time they talk by saying, "I noticed you're upset, and I think it would help to get the problem out in the open. It may be hard because I haven't always listened very • 58 •well.  If so, I feel bad because I love you and don't want to let you down. "

    If Adam still refuses to talk, Steve can take a different tack: "I'm concerned about what's going on with you, but we can talk things over later, when you're more in the mood. "

    This strategy allows both sides to win: Steve doesn't have to compromise on the principle that ultimately the problem needs to be talked out and resolved. Adam saves face by being allowed to withdraw for a while.

    Noisy critics. Recently, I was counselling a businessman named Frank who lends to be overbearing(专横的) when he's upset. Frank told me that I was too absent-minded with money and that he shouldn't have to pay at each of our sessions.  He wanted to be billed monthly.

    I felt annoyed because it seemed Frank always had to have things his way. I explained that I had tried monthly billing, but it hadn't worked because some patients didn't pay. Frank argued that he had impeccable (无可挑剔的 ) credit and knew much more about credit and billing than I did.

    Suddenly I realized I was missing Frank's point. "You are right," I said. " I'm being defensive. We should focus on the problems in your life and not worry so much about money. "

    Frank immediately softened and began talking about what was really bothering him, which were some personal problems. The next time we met, he handed me a check for 20 sessions in advance!

    There are times, of course, when people are unreasonably abusive and you may need to just walk away from the situation. But if the problem is one that you want solved, it's important to allow the other person to keep some self-esteem. There's nearly always a grain of truth in the other person's point of view. If you acknowledge this, he or she will be less defensive and more likely to listen to you.

    Complainers. Brad is a 32-year-old Detroit chiropractor (按摩师) who recently described his frustration with a patient of his: "I ask Mr. Barry, 'How are you doing?' and he dumps out his whole life story-his family problems and his financial difficulties.  I give him advice, but he ignores everything I tell him. "

    Brad needs to recognize that habitual complainers usually don't want advice. They just want someone to listen and understand. So Brad might simply say : "sounds like a rough week, It's no fun to have unpaid bills, people nagging you, and this pain besides. " The complainer will usually run out of gas and stop complaining. The secret is not to give advice. Just agreeing and validating a person's point of view will make that person feel better.

    Demanding friends. Difficult people aren't always -, angry or just complaining. Sometimes they are difficult because of the demands they place upon us. Maybe a friend puts you on the spot with a request to run an errand for him while he's out of town. If you have a crowded schedule, you may agree but end up angry and resentful. Or if you say no in the wrong way, your friend may feel hurt and unhappy. The problem is that, caught off guard, you don't know how to deal with the situation in a way that avoids bad feelings.

    One method I've found helpful is "punting".  You're punting when you tell the person you need to think about the request and that you'll get back about it. Say a colleague calls and pressures me to give a lecture at his university.   I've learned to say,   "I'm flattered  that  you thought of me.   Let  me check my schedule, and I'll call you back. "

    This gives me time to deal with any feelings of guilt if I have to say no. Suppose I decide it is better to decline; punting allow me to plan what I will say when I call back, "I appreciate being asked," I might indicate, "but I find I'm over-committed right now.  However, I hope you'll think of me in the future. "

    Responding to difficult people with patience and empathy can be tough, especially when you feel upset. But the moment you give up your need to control or be right, the other person will begin relaxing and start listening to you. The Greek philosopher Epictetus understood this when he said nearly 2, 000 years ago, "If someone criticizes you, agree at once. Mention that if only the other person knew you well, there would be more to criticize than that !"

    Real communication results from a spirit of respect for yourself and for the other person.  The benefits can be amazing.

    1.  The principle the writer has discovered to stop any conflict from going worse is to find a way to agree.

    2.  The taxi driver thanked the businesswoman because she was very polite to him.

    3.  Difficult people mentioned in the passage include those who give occasional complaints.

    4.   One way to deal with the person who is unreasonably abusive is to walk awa