剑桥商务英语高级学生用书词汇.doc

Unit 1a Work roles
assist: v. 1、to help sb to do sth；2、to help sth to happen more easily；
adopt: v. 1、to take sb else’s child into your family and become its legal parent(s)；2、 to start to use a particular method or to show a particular attitude towards sb/sth: to formally accept a suggestion or policy by voting；
specify: v. to state sth, especially by giving an exact measurement, time, exact instructions, etc.；
static: adj. not moving, changing or developing: n. [U] noise or other effects that disturb radio or television signals and are caused by particular conditions in the atmosphere；
interpret: 1、 to explain the meaning of sth；2、 to decide that sth has a particular meaning and to understand it in this way
approach: v. 1、to come near to sb/sth in distance or time；2、to speak to sb about sth, especially to ask them for sth or to offer to do sth: n. a way of dealing with sb/sth; a way of doing or thinking about sth such as a problem or a task；
abreast: adv. abreast (of sb/sth) next to sb/sth and facing the same way；
prescribe: v. (used about a person or an organization with authority) to say what should be done or how sth should be done；
component: n. one of several parts of which sth is made: adj. [only before n.]:to break sth down into its component parts；
approve: v. 1、to think that sb/sth is good, acceptable or suitable；2、to officially agree to a plan, request, etc.；2、[often passive] to say that sth is good enough to be used, or is correct；
initiat:v. 1、to make sth begin；2、initiate sb (into sth) to explain sth to sb and/or make them experience it for the first time；3、initiate sb (into sth) to make sb a member of a particular group, especially as part of a secret ceremony；n. a person who has been allowed to join a particular group, organization, or religion and is learning its rules and secrets.
procedure: n. 1、[C, U] a way of doing sth, especially the usual or correct way: 2、[U] the official or formal order or way of doing sth, especially in business, law or politics；
reaction: n.1、what you do, say or think as a result of sth that has happened；2、reaction (against sth) a change in people’s attitudes or behaviour caused by disapproval of the attitudes, etc. of the past；3、opposition to social or political progress or change:
occupancy: n. the act of living in or using a building, room, piece of land, etc.:
incidental: adj. happening in connection with sth else, but not as important as it, or not intended；n. something that happens in connection with sth else, but is less important:
undertake: v.1、to make yourself responsible for sth and start doing it；2、to agree or promise that you will do sth:
revise: v. 1、to change your opinions or plans, for example because of sth you have learned；2、to change sth, such as a book or an estimate, in order to correct or improve it:
demand:n. 1、a very firm request for sth; sth that sb needs: 2、things that sb/sth makes you do, especially things that are difficult, make you tired, worried, etc.:3、the desire or need of customers for goods or services which they want to buy or use:
presence: n.1、(of a person) the fact of being in a particular place；2、(of a thing or a substance) the fact of being in a particular place or thing；3、the quality of making a strong impression on other people by the way you talk or behave:
summarise: v. to give a summary of sth (= a statement of the main points)；
appropriate: adj. appropriate (for / to sth) suitable, acceptable or correct for the particular circumstances；v.1、 to take sth, sb’s ideas, etc. for your own use, especially illegally or without permission:2、to take or give sth, especially money for a particular purpose:
preception: n. 1、the way you notice things, especially with the senses；2、the ability to understand the true nature of sth；
assign: v.1、to give sb sth that they can use, or some work or responsibility；2、to provide a person for a particular task or position；3、to send a person to work under the authority of sb or in a particular group；4、to say that sth has a particular value or function, or happens at a particular time or place；5、to say that your property or rights now belong to sb else；
motivate: v.1、[often passive] to be the reason why sb does sth or behaves in a particular way；2、to make sb want to do sth, especially sth that involves hard work and effort；3、to give reasons for sth that you have stated；
disparity: n. a difference, especially one connected with unfair treatment；
expectation: n. a belief that sth will happen because it is likely；
explicit: adj. (of a statement or piece of writing) clear and easy to understand:
illustrate: v.1、[usually passive] illustrate sth (with sth) to use pictures, photographs, diagrams, etc. in a book, etc.；2、to make the meaning of sth clearer by using examples, pictures, etc.；3、to show that sth is true or that a situation exists；
compatible: adj. 1、(of machines, especially computers) able to be used together；2、(of ideas, methods or things) able to exist or be used together without causing problems；3、if two people are compatible, they can have a good relationship because they have similar ideas, interests, etc；
distinguish: v. distinguish (between) A and B | distinguish A from B to recognize the difference between two people or things；
specification：n.规定，说明 infringement：n.侵权 pei chart：饼分图，圆形分析图 workset colour：定工色牌 re-align：v. 重新调整 peak occupancy：（酒店）入住高峰期 hierarchy：n.等级制的公司 superior：n.上级 clock in and out：记录上下班时间 jet：vi.乘喷气式飞机飞行 a huge say：有很大发言权 initiative：n.主动权 workshop：研讨班、培训班 perception：n.认识，观念，看法 attribut：n.品质，特性 screen：n.筛选，审查
Unit 1b Company structure
represent: v.1、 [often passive] to be a member of a group of people and act or speak on their behalf at an event, a meeting, etc.；2、to act or speak officially for sb and defend their interests；3、[no passive] to be an example or expression of sth；
hierarchical: adj. arranged in a hierarchy；
hierarchy ：n. a system, especially in a society or an organization, in which people are organized into different levels of importance from highest to lowest:
entrepreneur：n. person who makes money by starting or running businesses, especially when this involves taking financial risks；
entrepreneurial: entrepreneurial skills；
feasible: adj. that is possible and likely to be achieved
nimble: adj. able to move quickly and easily
sizeable: adj. fairly large；
responsive：adj.[not usually before noun] reacting quickly and in a positive way:
responsiveness: n. responsively：adv.
inherent: adj. that is a basic or permanent part of sb/sth and that cannot be removed；
sequential: adj. following in order of time or place；
supervise：v. to be in charge of sb/sth and make sure that everything is done correctly, safely, etc.；supervision: n.
hampere: v. to discuss a plan, an idea, etc. until everyone agrees or a decision is mad；
relatively: adv. to a fairly large degree, especially in comparison to sth else；
stable: adj. firmly fixed; not likely to move, change or fail； n. a group of people who work or trained in the same place; a group of products made by the same company
complexity: n. the state of being formed of many parts; the state of being difficult to understand；
refine: v.1、to make a substance pure by taking other substances out of it；2、to improve sth by making small changes to it
perspective: n.1、a particular attitude towards sth; a way of thinking about sth；2、the ability to think about problems and decisions in a reasonable way without exaggerating their importance；3、[U] the art of creating an effect of depth and distance in a picture by representing people and things that are far away as being smaller than those that are nearer the front ；4、[C] a view, especially one in which you can see far into the distance。
agile：adj. 1、able to move quickly and easily；2、able to think quickly and in an intelligent way；agility: n.
collaboration: n.1、[U, C] collaboration (with sb) (on sth) | collaboration (between A and B) the act of working with another person or group of people to create or produce sth；2、[C] a piece of work produced by two or more people or groups of people working together；3、[U] (disapproving) the act of helping the enemy during a war when they have taken control of your country；
detrimental：adj. (to sb/sth) harmful； departmentaly: adv.
tense: adj. (of a situation, an event, a period of time, etc.) in which people have strong feelings such as worry, anger, etc. that often cannot be expressed openly；
flat management structure：扁平化的管理机构 competitive advantage：竞争优势 establish company：知名企业，著名企业 start-up：新兴公司，新创办的公司 responsiveness：n.快速反应能力 real-time：adj.同时的，实时的 departmentalize：vt.按部门划分，部门化 product life cycle：产品寿命周期 teleworker：n.采用电子化办公方式的员工，在家办公的员工
Self-study 1a
initial: adj. [only before noun] happening at the beginning; first；
ambiguity: n. 1、[U] the state of having more than one possible meaning；2、[C] a word or statement that can be understood in more than one way；3、[C, U] the state of being difficult to understand or explain because of involving many different aspects；
clarify: v. to make sth clearer or easier to understand；to make sth, especially butter, pure by heating it；
Self-study 1b
standardise: v. to make objects or activities of the same type have the same features or qualities; to make sth standard;
variety:n. several different sorts of the same thing；varied:adj. of many different types;
Exam practice
conservative: adj. 1、opposed to great or sudden social change; showing that you prefer traditional styles and values；2、(of an estimate) lower than what is probably the real amount or number；
dramatic: adj. 1、(of a change, an event, etc.) sudden, very great and often surprising；2、exciting and impressive；
revival: n. 1、an improvement in the condition or strength of sth；2、the process of sth becoming or being made popular or fashionable again；
embark: v. to get onto a ship; to put sth onto a ship；
ambitious: adj. 1、determined to be successful, rich, powerful, etc；2、needing a lot of effort, money or time to succeed；
acquisition: n.1、the act of getting sth, especially knowledge, a skill, etc；2、something that sb buys to add to what they already own, usually sth valuable；3、[C, U] (business) a company, piece of land, etc. bought by sb, especially another company; the act of buying it；
ruthless: adj. (of people or their behaviour) hard and cruel; determined to get what you want and not caring if you hurt other people；
innovative: adj. introducing or using new ideas, ways of doing sth, etc；
mastermind: v. to plan and direct a complicated project or activity；
cruiser: n.1、a boat with a motor and room for people to sleep, used for pleasure trips；2、a large fast ship used in war；
gourmet:n. a person who knows a lot about good food and wines and who enjoys choosing, eating and drinking them
demerge: v. to separate a company into smaller companies, usually into the companies that had previously been joined together; to be split in this way；
shrewd:adj. clever at understanding and making judgements about a situation；
pilot scheme：实验性计划 headhunter：n.猎头，猎头公司 professional occupation：（律师等）提供专业服务的行业

Unit 2a Stocks & shares
volatile:adj. 1、(of a person or their moods) changing easily from one mood to another；2、(of a situation) likely to change suddenly; easily becoming dangerous；3、(technical) (of a substance) that changes easily into a gas；

share price：股票价格 Teletext：n.图文电视广播（系统） listings：n.股票行情表，股票牌价表 share option：优先认股权，股票期权 share split：股票分割，股票拆细 perks：n.好处，特权，额外收入，外快 hostile takeover：恶意收购 hype n.天花乱坠的广告宣传 bandwagon：n.浪潮，时尚 break-even point：收支平衡点 page hit：网页点击率 phenomenal：adj.惊人的 yardstick：n.标准 float：vt.上市，挂牌 volatile：adj.变化无常的，易波动的 listed company：上市公司 sell-off：n.卖空，抛售
Unit 2b Mergers& acquisitions
giant: n. 1、(in stories) a very large strong person who is often cruel and stupid—see also giantess；2、an unusually large person, animal or plant；3、a very large and powerful organization；4、a person who is very good at sth；
plummeting:adj. very large; much larger or more important than similar things usually are；
acquisition: n. a company, piece of land, etc. bought by sb, especially another company; the act of buying it；
accelerate: v. 1、to happen or to make sth happen faster or earlier than expected； 2、[v] (of a vehicle or person) to start to go faster；
inflate: v.1、to fill sth or become filled with gas or air； 2、[vn] to make sth appear to be more important or impressive than it really is；3、to increase in price; to increase the price of sth；
consolidation:v. 1、to make a position of power or success stronger so that it is more likely to continue；2、(technical) to join things together into one; to be joined into one；
dereguate：v. to free a trade, a business activity, etc. from rules and controls； deregulation: n. deregulatory：adj.
over-capacity: n. the situation in which an industry or a factory cannot sell as much as it is designed to produce；
diversifying: v. 1、diversify (sth) (into sth) (especially of a business or company) to develop a wider range of products, interests, skills, etc. in order to be more successful or reduce risk；2、to change or to make sth change so that there is greater variety；
strengthened:v. become stronger; to make sb/sth stronger；
alliance: n. 1、alliance (with sb/sth) | alliance (between A and B) an agreement between countries, political parties, etc. to work together in order to achieve sth that they all want； 2、a group of people, political parties, etc. who work together in order to achieve sth that they all want；
lured:v. to persuade or trick sb to go somewhere or to do sth by promising them a reward；
obtaining:v. to get sth, especially by making an effort；
biotech: n. the use of living cells and bacteria in industrial and scientific processes；
duplicate：v.1、[often passive] to make an exact copy of sth； 2、to do sth again, especially when it is unnecessary；
duplication: n.
merger：n.兼并，吸收合并 acquire：vt.购入，取得所有权 product portfolio：产品组合 acquisiton：n.购并 projected：adj.预计的，推断的 plummet：vi.（价格）暴跌，股价崩盘 economies of scale：规模效益，规模经济 consortium：n.联营企业，财团 operator：n.运营商，运营公司 consolidation：n.创立合并 over-capacity：n.生产能力过剩，产能过剩 equity take：股权 inject：vt. 注入 portfolio：n.投资组合，产品组合 risk-free venture：无风险商业活动，destabilising：adj.使（政府、经济等）不稳定的，破坏的 prospect：n.可能性，机会 payroll：n.在职人员工资表 undercut：vt.vi. 压价 rationale：n.依据，理由 all-share：adj.合股，完全 worldwide presence：在全球享有势力，参与国际竞争
Slef-study 2a
fluctuate: v.to change frequently in size, amount, quality, etc., especially from one extreme to another；
collapse: v. 1、to decrease suddenly in amount or value；2、to fail suddenly or completely；
upward:adj. 1、pointing towards or facing a higher place；an upward gaze；2、increasing in amount or price；
Slef-study 2b
superb:adj. excellent; of very good quality；
redundancy:n. 1、the situation when sb has to leave their job because there is no more work