初二闵行英语补习班培训机构讲义暑假班七宝新王牌.doc

Unit 2 综合练习

Extra Information—周一到周日的由来

这些名称最早起源于古巴比伦（Babylon）。公元前7-6世纪，巴比伦人便有了星期制。他们把1个月分为4周，每周有7天，即1个星期。古巴比伦人建造七星坛祭祀星神。七星坛分7层，每层有1个星神，从上到下依次为日、月、火、水、木、金、土7个神。

7神每周各主管1天，因此每天祭祀1个神，每天都以1个神来命名：太阳神主管星期日，称日曜日；月神主管星期一，称月曜日；火星神主管星期二，称火曜日；水星主管星期三，称水曜日；木星主管星期四，称木曜日；金星神主管星期五，称金曜日；土星神主管星期六，称土曜日。所以在一些国家的语言中，一星期中的各天并不是按数字顺序，而是有着特定的名字，是以“七曜”来分别命名的。

古巴比伦人创立的星期制，首先传到古希腊、古罗马等地。古罗马人用他们自己信仰的神的名字来命名1周7天：Sun’ s-day（太阳神日）、Moon’ s-day（月亮神日）、Mars’ s-day （火星神日）、Mercury's-day（水星神日）、Jupiter’s-day（木星神日）、Venus’ -day（金星神日）、Saturn’s-day（土星神日）。这7个名称传到不列颠后，盎格鲁-撒克逊人又用他们自己信仰的神的名字改造了其中4个名称，以Tuesday、Wednesday、Thursday、Friday分别取代Mar's-day、Mercury's-day、Jupiter's-day、Venus'-day。公元三世纪以后，就广泛地传播到欧洲各国。明朝末年，基督教传入我国的时候，星期制也随之传入。

在不同地区，由于宗教信仰的不同，一星期的开始时间并不完全一致。埃及人的一星期是从土曜日开始的，犹太教以日曜日开始，而伊斯兰教则把金曜日排在首位。在我国，起初也是以七曜命名一星期中的各天，到清末才逐渐为星期日、星期一……星期六所代替，习惯上认为星期一是开始时间（某些地区也有把星期日作为一周开始的观念）。

星期的演化
1.周日（日曜日）：Sunday（Sun.）—Day of the Sun(太阳日，星期日)。是耶酥复活日，因此西方把这一天看作最神圣的日子，称之为“安息日”或“主日”。公元4世纪，在指定罗马历法时，罗马皇帝君士坦丁大帝把这一天定为合法假日，后被世界各国广泛采用。

2.周一（月耀日）：Monday(Mon.)—Day of the Moon(月亮日)。在古英语中写作Monandoeg, 即 day of the moon。在古罗马神话中，月亮神为太阳神之妻，因此一周中，也应有她一天。

3.周二（火曜日）：Tuesday(Tues.)—Day of the Mars(火星日)。这一天是为了纪念战神Tyr而由他的名字命名的。古英语中Tyr的名字写作Tiw。周二在古英语里写作Tiwesdoeg的意思是Tiw’ s day（战神日）。Tyr原是北欧神话里的战神，他用自己的手作诱饵，捉住了狼精，他的手却被狼精咬掉了。为了纪念他这种勇敢的精神，使用他的名字来命名Tuesday这一天。

4. 周三（水曜日）：Wednesday(Wed.)—Day of the Mercury(水星日)。这一天是以北欧神话中掌管文化、艺术、战争、死亡的神Woden的名字命名的。Woden是战神Thor的父亲；他勇敢地将在宇宙间制造混乱的“混沌”（Chaos）杀死，并将阵亡将士的英灵请到天界，使他们享受天伦之乐。为怀念他，人们用他的名字命名了Wednesday这一天。

5. 周四（木曜日）：Thursday(Thur.)—Day of Jupiter(木星日)。这一天是用北欧神话中Thor的名字来命名的。Thor是掌管雷电之神（God of Thunder and Lightning）。他常驾驭着由山羊拉的战车奔驰在天际间，风儿飕飕成了闪电，车轮滚滚成了雷鸣。

6.周五（金曜日）：Friday(Fri.)—Day of Venus(金星日)。Friday在古英语中写作Frigedoeg。Frigga是掌管婚姻的女神。她是Woden之妻，Thor之母。因为以Woden之名命名了Wednesday,以Thor之名命名了Thursday，为了抚慰她本人，便以她的名Frigga命名了Friday。

7. 周六（土曜日）：Saturday(Sat.)—Day of Saturn(土星日)。这是一星期中最后一天，它是由掌管农业之神，罗马主神朱庇特的父亲（the god of Agriculture, father of Jupiter）Saturn的名字命名的，也是英语直接用罗马神话中神名来命名星期名称的唯一的一天，其余几天则是以北欧神话中的神名来命名的。

与星期有关的英语词语：

in one's Sunday best穿着节日盛装

Black Monday（放假后的）开学第一天

blue Monday烦闷的星期一；沮丧的时候

Mad Monday（交易所）忙乱的星期一（因为这一天交易所特别忙

Good Friday耶稣受难日（复活节前的星期五）
PartII 基础回顾
Unit2 Water
1. 比黄金更珍贵：
à像液体黄金一样珍贵：
2. 在没有水的情况下生存：
3. 大约三分之二的地球被水覆盖：
4. 你需要的水的数量：
5. 水的化学符号：
à一些化学物质：
6. 小溪与河流：
7. 刷牙：
8. 水龙头开着：
9. 倒进洗手盆：
10. 消失在下水道里：
11. 关上： 打开：
调高： 调低：
12. 四处看：
13. 听起来很不耐烦： 听起来很迷惑：
系动词复习：
14. 听从某人：
15. 一滴水： 常见量词：
16. 对我来说来这里不容易：
à句型：
17. 我猜；我认为：
18. 在云里舒服地飘着：
19. 欣赏风景：
20. 把某物扔到某物里：
21. 把某人带到某地：
22. 穿过很长一段路：
23. 是该把我净化的时候了：
24. 自来水厂： 污水处理厂：
25. 彻底清洁：
26. 旅程的终点：
27. 最初；起初：
28. 记得做某事/记得不要做某事：
29. 等一下：
30. 你所说的“液体黄金”是什么意思？
31. 没有答复： 回复某人：
32. 走出某地：
33. 零花钱：
34. 普通人：
35. 制作一幅流程图：
36. *一步接一步：
37. 那就是说：
38. 海水是不可饮用的：
39. 人类：
40. 渗入：
41. 让水一直流：
42. 信不信由你：
43. 冲马桶：
44. 大约有两倍多：
words:

adv.
每天
U2

n.
数量；数额
U2

v.
（使）增加
U2

v.
仍然是；保持不变
U2

n.
符号
U2

v.
流；流动
U2

n.
洗脸盆
U2

v.
突然消失
U2

n.
下水道
U2

adj.
不耐烦的
U2

v.
服从；遵守
U2

adj.
（光，声，味）微弱的
U2

v.
浮；漂；飘动；漂移
U2

adv.
舒服地
U2

v.
放松；休息
U2

净化
U2

adj.
困惑的
U2

n.
（净化或防治）处理加工
U2

n.
工厂
U2

adj.
彻底的；完全的
U2

n.
打扫；清洁
U2

n.
管子；管道
U2

conj.
直到......为止
U2

n.
（下水道的）污水；污物
U2

污水处理厂
U2

v.
用泵输送
U2

adj.
宝贵的
U2

n.
液体
U2

v.
休息
U2

adj.
普通的；平常的
U2

v.
（用机器）大量生产
U2

n.
设备；器材
U2

n.
工具
U2

n.
图标
U2

订正：

PartII Grammar
a lot of/ lots of/many/ much/ a little/ little/ a few/ few/no/ a number of等

( )1.Every year Alice spends money on new clothes.
A) many B)a large number of C) quite a few D) huge amounts of
( )2. The one-year-old boy is smart and he is able to count up to the ________ number.
A) hundred B) hundreds C) hundredth D) hundreds of
( )3. I was so busy with my school work that I had time to play with my friends in those days.
A. little B. a little C. few D. a few
( )4. It is said that ________ of the students like to help their parents with the housework
A) three-fifths B) third-fifths C) thirds-fifth D)three-fifth
( )5. ________ knowledge can be found in an encyclopedia.
A)Many B) A number of C)Quite many D) Huge amounts of
( )6. Mary has drawn ________ comic strips and she is going to have them published next year.
A) three hundred B) three hundreds C) three hundred of D) three hundreds of
( )7.The professor has given us ________ advice on how to improve our memory.
A. much B. many C. a lot D. several
( )8. We just hope that Tom will bring ________ good news back home this time.
A) a few B) some C) many D) little
( )9. I can’t answer your question because I know ________ about the subject.
A. a few B. few C. a little D. little
( )10. ________ people took part in the search for the lost baby in Changchun.
A) Thousands of B) two thousands C) thousand of D) two thousands of
( )11. The company decided to spend about five ________ yuan building a school for the children in western China.
A) millions B) millions of C) million of D) million
( )12. Would you please buy two ________ for the coming Christmas party, Tom?
A) box of orange B) boxes of oranges
C) box of oranges D) boxes of orange
( )13. The High Speed Rail Trains between Shanghai and Beijing can run over ________ kilometers an hour.
A) three hundred B) hundred of C) three hundreds D) three hundreds of
( )14. You don’t need to buy butter today. We still have ________ left.
A) a little B) a few C) many D) several
( )15. Though it was raining hard outside, yet we could see ________ people in the street.
A) few B) a few C) a little D) little
Part III exercise
Listening
III. Listen to the dialogue and tell whether the following statements are true or false.
( )1. On her birthday, Mrs. White went shopping.
( )2. Mrs. White sat next to an old man on the bus.
( )3. Mrs. White supposed someone had put her money in an old woman’s purse by mistake.
( )4. Mrs. White didn’t report to the police
( )5. Mrs. White bought herself a new hat with her own money.
( )6. Mr. White found the mistake his wife had made.
IV. Listen to the passage and fill in the blanks to complete the sentences.
Facts about water
Of all the water in the world, only 3% is fresh. Less than a third of 1% of this can be used by humans. The 1 is either 2 in the glaciers(冰川，冰河) or buried deep in the earth.
About 55% to 60% of the human body is water. 70% of the brain is water. Blood is 3 % water, and the lungs are nearly 90% water.
You can live for about a month without food, but only 5-7days without water.
Illnesses 4 by unclear water kill a child every eight seconds.
One third of the people in the world are facing 5 of water shortage（缺乏） and poor drinking water quality（质量）.
The Aral Sea（咸海）, the 6 largest inland sea, will no longer be there in ten years because its water will be used up for farming.
Grammar and Vocabulary
I. Complete the sentences with proper words according to the given meanings. The first letters are given.
1. The blocked d ( a pipe or tube to let waste water flow away) caused a lot of trouble.
2. Daisy f (stopped moving suddenly) in front of the audience when she made a speech for the first time.
3. When the chemical p (building with machines in it) closed down, many workers lost their jobs.
4. Tomorrow is National Day. We should give the school a (complete) cleaning.
5. We must stop dumping s (dirty water and waste matter) into the river.
6. The owner of the house gave a w (very strange) little laugh.
II. Fill in the blanks with the given words in their proper forms.
1. Don’t worry, Louise is under medical (treat) now.
2. “Tony, you should be doing your homework!” said his mother loudly; the voice sounded (patience).
3.Some old people are used to doing morning exercise (day).
4. The newspaper says this is the most (wonder) film of all this month.
5. I hope to buy the (speed) little car.
6.The strange voice _______ Dasiy when she heard it. ( freeze )
III. Choose the best answer.
( )1. My aunt played the light music to make the baby crying.
A. stopping B. stops C. to stop D. stop
( )2.----Why is your bedroom so dirty?
---- Sorry, Mum. I it.
A. forget to clean B. forgot to clean
C. forget cleaning D. forgot cleaning
( )3. There are some dangerous fishes in this river, and I have warned my son here.
A. to not swim B. not to swim
C. swim not to D. to swim not
( )4. Mr. Wu is to spend a lot of time explaining things for us.
A. very much patient B. enough patient
C. patient very much D. patient enough
( )5. Though you are weak in English, I advise you not to .
A. give up it B. give up C. put it up D. give it up
( )6. It’s generous him to donate money to UNICEF.
A. of; so much B. for; so much C. of; so many D. for; so much
( )7. The engineers add chemicals to the water to test its use.
A. a little B. little C. a few D. few
( )8. If the temperature is raised high enough, we can turn iron into a state of .
A. liquid B. ball C. solid D. gas
( )9. The workers in the factory made washing machines last year.
A. much B. huge amounts of C. a great number of D. a lot
( )10. Beijing has many buses that there is often a traffic jam in rush hours.
A. so B. very C. too D. much
( )11.----Do you know ? I am going to see him.
----Sorry, I don’t know.
A. where does Mr. Li live B. where did Mr. Li live
C. where Mr. Li lives D. where Mr. Li lived
( )12. I like swimming very much, but now I swim as as I used to.
A. don’t ; often B. not; often C. don’t; oftener D. not; oftener
( )13. The sewage is carried to a place it came from at the beginning.
A. what B. where C. which D. whose
( )14. We are going to have a picnic. We’ve got bread, fruit and water, but we’ve got only sweets and chocolates.
A. a lot; a few B. much; much C. many; many D. a few; a lot of
( )15. Lily didn’t go to bed she finished doing the homework.
A. until B. since C. by D. in
IV Rewrite the following sentences as required.
1. The waterfall speeds down the mountain to the lake.（改为过去时）
The waterfall down the mountain to the lake in the past.
2.You mustn’t get off the bus. It doesn’t completely stop.（两句合并成一句）
get off the bus it stops.
3. Telegrams are sent to other countries daily.（对划线部分提问）
Are telegrams sent to other countries?
4. He didn’t tell us anything about his family.（保持原意）
He told us his family.
5. The boy has no sisters or brothers. （保持原意）
The boy hasn’t sisters brothers.
6. The water is precious. ( 改为感叹句)
________ _______ the water is !
7. You must remember ! Don’t waste or pollute water. ( 合并为一句)
You must remember ________ ________ waste or pollute water.
8. To work out the math problem is not easy for me. (保持句意不变)
_______ is not easy for me________ work out the math problem.
9. There is a lot of rice here. (划线部分提问)
________ ________ rice is here?

Reading and Writing
I. Reading Comprehension
A. Choose the best answer
In the United States, millions of women work outside their homes. Some of these women must work to support their families. However, many have children too young to go to school. Who looks after these children all day while the mothers work?
In the past, grandmothers or other relatives often lived with the family. The older relatives stayed at home and took care of the children. But young parents began to move into their own small houses or apartments, and there was no room for relatives. Some mothers could hire baby-sitters to look after their children, but many could not pay for it.
Today, our cities are filled with more than 500,000young children who are alone all day. These children are called “Latchkey kids”, for around their necks hang the keys that open their empty rooms. Nobody waits for them inside.
Mothers need a place to leave their children while they work, and children need better care. They need someon