英语26个字母-及常见字母组合发音规律.doc

最全的英语26个字母及常见字母组合发音规律
26个字母发音规律：

a
[eɪ]
Name able cake table take date
[æ]
apple cat map match sad and angry
[α:]
dance last pass plant
[ɒ]
want what watch wash
[ɔ:]
water
b
[b]
book big bag box
c
[k]
clean climb cup clock cook clothes
[s]
face nice pencil city cinema
d
[d]
desk doll dog dad day dish does deep

e
[i:]
he she me evening meter
[e]
elephant egg bed pen best get next then
[ɪ]
enjoy English eleven because forest
f
[f]
fine friend fly foot fan fall fight
g
[ɡ]
gun glass glad go get
[ʤ]
age orange village
h
[h]
hat her house honey happy have heavier hurt hospital
i
[aɪ]
fine bike five ice climber hiking kind
[ɪ]
is sit miss pig picture ill dinner him listen pick river
j
[ʤ]
jeep jacket jump Jan. July June
k
[k]
kite cake thank kangaroo speak take walk work lake like
l
[l]
leg left ruler flag lamp longer relax play
[l]
apple bowl tell old tail whale
m
[m]
am map my mouth milk
n
[n]
no know new hand
[ŋ]
thank think thing uncle swing

o
[əu]
old home nose coke tomato over hold piano
[ɒ]
dog not clock box robot on from forest often stop
[ʌ]
son month mother love young
[u:]
who do whose
p
[p]
map jeep pig pen apple plant play please policeman
q
[kw]
quite quilt quick
r
[r]
radio brother read rabbit write mirror library
s
[s]
sit miss this books spring swim sleep grass
[z]
nose those rose rulers season
t
[t]
it sit not that table little take left fruit but plant
u
[ju:]
use usually excuse　menu
[ʌ]
bus us sun duck uncle up trunk funny must
[ʊ]
put pull helpful
v
[v]
five love very seven village live
w
[w]
we window watch want wait water
Wednesday winter with
x
[ks]
box six fox relax

y
[aɪ]
my fly why bye
[j]
yes yellow young yesterday
[ɪ]
happy baby very windy snowy study
z
[z]
zoo zero

元音字母组合发音规律：
ai
[eɪ]
wait paint
ank
[ æηk]
tank thank.
ass
[a:s]
grass class glass brass.
ask
[ a:sk]
ask task mask basket
ay
[eɪ]
May play day say
air
[еә]
air hair chair
all
[ɔ:]
tall small ball
ar
[α:]
farther farm car arm garden hardly party
are
[еә]
hare mar ,bare glare
au
[ɔ:]
caugh caught taught
aw
draw awn.

ea
[i:]
meat please tea read cleaner east easy leaf season
[e]
head bread ready
[ɪə]
theater
[eɪ]
great
ee
[i:]
meet see bee feet jeep seed weekend sweet sweep

ear
[ɪə]
ear hear near
[еә]
bear wear
[з:]
earth learn
eir
[еә]
their
er
[ə]
worker teacher November later
[з:]
her
ere
[ɪə]
here
[еә]
where there
ew
[ju:]
new few
[u:]
flew grew
igh
[aɪ]
right high bright
ir
[з:]
bird girl shirt thirty third
oa
[əu]
boat coat road goat
oi
[ɔ ɪ]
boil oil
oy
toy boy.
ong
[ɒŋ]
long song
oo
[ʊ]
book foot good look
[u:]
moon balloon
or
[ɔ:]
short fork pork north
[з:]
word world work
oor
[ɔ:]
door floor
ore
[ɔ:]
more store sore
ou
[au]
out house mouth cloud south bounce
our
[ɔ:]
four　 your
[auə]
our hour
ow
[əu]
bowl window know row
[au]
now cow flower down how
ur
[з:]
turn
ui
[u:]
fruit
[ɪ]
biscuit

辅音字母组合发音规律：
tr
[tr]
tree train trip
dr
[dr]
dress driver
ge
[ʤ]
age,cage,gorge.
dge
[ʤ]
bridge,knowledge.
th
[θ]
thank mouth thin think twelfth
[ð]
this that with together
sh
[ʃ]
shirt wash short ship shine shop show fresh
ch
[tʃ]
child chair catch teach watch
[k]
school Christmas
ck
[k]
attack,cock,knock.

kn
[n]
know,knock,knight

ng
[ŋ]
cling,sing,english
nk
[ŋ k]
ink,think,blink.
ph
[f]
physics,photo
qu
[kw]
queue,quest,require
sh
[∫]
shit,sheep shop cash,rubbish wash
sion
[∫ən]
tension decision revision
tion
attention position
tch
[t∫]
catch match
th
[θ]
think thing;those
[ð]
that this
tw
[tw]
two twin twenty
wh
[w]
white wheel what
[h]
who whose whom
ts
[ts]
jackets kites
ds
[dz]
birds friend
这些总结并不能包括所有字母组合，但是已经是大部分了。

清辅音浊化   
英语浊化只出现在下列情况下：当/p/、/t/、/k/、/tr/前面的音标是/s/
且所在音节是重读音节则清辅音浊化成/b/、/d/、/g/、/dr/。
浊化的一个根本特点是，发音发生改变，而音标的书写方式没有改变，所以在拼读的时候尤其要注意。
比如school我们虽然读作/sgu:l/,但音标依然要写成/sku:l/。
有人把美国人water，better的发音中/t/趋向于/d/也称为浊化，这是一种无知的说法，因为这只是美音和英音的区别，英国人并不这样读。我们不妨可以看作是美国人为了读音方便，做出的一种语音弱化现象。

音节 开音节和闭音节
所谓音节是指由一个元音音标单独构成，或者由辅音和元音组合而成的发音单位。
所谓开音节和闭音节是针对单词而言的，以a,e,i,o,u五个元音字母之一结尾的，
或者与辅音字母（r除外）结合并且以字母e结尾的音节。
其他以辅音字母和元音字母组合的音节是闭音节。

元音字母在单词中的发音规律 
英语中共有a,e,i,o,u五个元音字母。这五个元音字母在单词中的发音也是有规律的，例如：

1、A
在开音节中发/ei/，比如:cake,take,
在闭音节中发/æ/，比如：rat,that,tank,
与r组合时发/a:/，比如：bark,tard.这其实是字母组合发音。

2、E
在开音节中发/i:/，比如：me,she,thesis,theme
在闭音节中发/e/，比如：tension,lesson,hen.
与r组合时发/∂:/，比如：emergency,energy.这其实是字母组合发音。

3、I
在开音节中发/ ai/，比如：mine,knife,mike.
在闭音节中发/i/，比如：bit,kick,pick,
与r组合时发/∂:/，比如：skirt,dirty这其实是字母组合发音。

4、O
在开音节中发/∂u/，比如：choke,nose,rose.
在闭音节中发/⊃/，比如：knock,not,rot.
与r组合时发/⊃:/，比如：born,more,short,这其实是字母组合发音。
5、U
在开音节中发/ju:/，比如：use,unite
在闭音节中发/Λ/，比如：truck,suck,much.
与r组合时发/∂:/，比如：burn,turn,nurse这其实是字母组合发音。

辅音字母在单词中的发音规律
在英语单词中，除了元音字母组合发音具有一定的规律外，辅音字母组合的发音也有一定的规律，掌握这些规律对迅速掌握单词，有事半功倍的效果。下面简单总结一下辅音字母组合的发音规律。
b一般发音为：/b/。比如：bake,bike,bad,boy.
c有两种发音：/k/。比如：cake,catch,cap.
          或 /s/。比如：cite,city,rice.
d一般发音为：/d/。比如：dog,dick,dot,duck.
f一般发音为：/f/。比如：forth,future,fox.
g一般发音为：/g/。比如：muskeg,egg,good.
h一般发音为：/h/。比如：hate,hot,humorous.
k一般发音为：/k/。比如：cook,coak,kitchen.一般在词尾。
l一般发音为：/l/。比如：milk，smile,tail.
m一般发音为：/m/。比如：mum,memory,mushroom,much.
n一般发音为：/n/。比如：nut,enough,nike.
p一般发音为：/p/。比如：proper,pitch,pig,poke.
q一般需要跟u一起用。发/kw/,在字母组合发音时会讲到。
r一般发音为：/r/。比如：right,rock,russia,rich.
s一般发音为：/s/。比如：sit,sick,season,seashore.
        或/z/。比如：rise,raise,towards,一般在开音节中。
t一般发音为：/t/。比如：tick,teach,temple.
v一般发音为：/v/。比如：very,victory,vacancy.
w一般发音为：/w/。比如：watch,word,work.
x一般发音为：/ks/。比如：six,sex,excise.一般在词中或词尾。
           /zi∂/。比如：xerox.一般在词首。
           /gz/。比如：example,exactly,多在以字母开头的单词中。
y一般发音为：/i/。比如：physics,baby,kitty.一般在闭音节中。
         / ai/。比如：bye,eye,一般在开音节中。
           /j/。比如：yoke,new york,you，yesterday.一般在词首。
z一般发音为：/z/。比如：zigzag,zero,zipper

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