新牛津7BUnit1-4期中复习之知识点汇总.docx

1. sth need(s) to be done=sth need(s) doing 某物需要... My computer needs to be fixed./fixing.
◊need to do sth.（某人）需要做某事 -否定don’t/doesn’t need to do sth.
◊---Need I do it now--Yes, you must./No, you needn’t/don’t have to-needn’t do sth.不需要做某事（情态动词）
◊must必须-主观-表推测
The lights are on. She must be in the office.(灯亮着，她肯定在办公室)
The lights are off. She can’t be in the office.（灯关着，她肯定不在办公室）
◊have to/has to必须，不得不（客观）
◊He is ill, so he has to stay at home.
◊I don’t think we have to go up again, do we
◊She doesn’t think we have to go up again, does she
☺--How many tins of dog food do you need---None.
☺---How much dog food do you need---None.
☺---What is in the room---Nothing.
☺Who is in the house---Nobody./No one.
★I like music, too.否定：I don’t like music, either.
★Both of my parents like music.否定：Neither of my parents likes music.
★All my friends are from Jiangsu.否定：None of my friends is from Jiangsu.
◊“坏了” 的表达方式
♦There is something wrong with my radio. ♦Something is wrong with my radio.
♦My radio is broken. ♦My radio doesn’t work.
2. take/spend/pay/cost
☺It takes/will take/took sb. some time(时间) to do sth. 花费某人时间去做某事
It will take him three hours to finish his homework tomorrow.
◊take sb. to sp◊take an umbrella with you随身携带一把伞
☺(人作主语)spend some money/time(时间/金钱) (in) doing sth. 某人花费时间/金钱做某事
☺(人作主语)spend some money/time(时间/金钱) on sth.某人在某方面花费时间/金钱
☺（物做主语）cost sb. some money(金钱))to do sth.) 花费某人金钱(去做某事)
☺(人作主语)pay some money for sth. 为某物付钱
☺(人作主语)buy sth with some money
3. There be 有 have/has/had有-there与have表示“有”不能同时出现
There is a swimming pool in our school.=Our school has a swimming pool.
★there be +主语(人)+doing sth.有某人正在做某事◊There are a lot of peoplewaitingfor the bus.
There is going to be a fashion show in our school hall next Friday, isn’t there
There aren’t going to be some football matches on TV the day after tomorrow, are there
★there be +主语（物）+to do有物要...◊There are lots of interesting things to buy in the shopping mall.
4. miss doing sth.错过做某事
☺worry about (not)doing sth./be worried about (not)doing sth.
☺spend doing sth.
☺keep doing sth./keep sb. doing sth.
☺have fun/have a good time (in ) doing sth.
☺have problems/trouble/difficulty(in) doing sth./with sth.
☺suggest doing sth.建议做某事
☺What about doing sth.==How about doing sth.做...事怎么样？
☺think about sth./doing sth.考虑做某事
☺be busydoing sth. 忙于做某事 ◊如be busy with sth.（名词或名词短语）He is busy with his homework.
☺thank sb. for doing sth. 因做某事感谢某人
☺look forward to doing sth.期待做某事
☺be interested in sth./doing sth.对...感兴趣
☺be good/clever at sth/doing sth.=do well in doing sth.擅长做某事
☺Doing morning exercises isgood for our health.做早操对我们健康有好处。
☺介词+doing (如by doing sth./before doing sth./after doing sth./without doing sth./in doing sth./about doing sth....)
如：You can have fruit and vegetables without getting fat.
☺go+doing做某事如go shopping/fishing/swimming/running去购物/钓鱼/游泳=do some shopping/fishing/swimming
☺practise doing sth.
5. be afraid to do sth.不敢去做/be afraid of sth./doing sth.
◊be sure to do sth./be sure of sth./be sure+that
◊be +形容词（lucky/careful/kind/friend/sorry）to do sth.◊You are lucky enough to live in a neighbourhood like that.
◊plan to do sth. =be going to do sth.计划做某事 (现在分词：planning)
◊try to do sth.尽力做某事 try doing sth试着做某事 try one’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力做某事
◊tell sb. to do sth.告诉某人做某事 tell sb. not to do sth.告诉某人不要做某事
◊ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 ask sb. not to do sth.要求某人不做某事ask sb. for help 向某人寻求帮助
◊remember to do sth.记住要做的事（事情还未做）remember doing sth.记住做过的事情（事情已经做过）
◊stop doing sth.停止做某事（停止正在做的事）stop to do sth.停下来去做某事（停下来去做另外一件事）
☺Please stop talking. Our English is coming. ☺You look so tired. Why not stop to have a rest
☺hope to do sth.希望做某事/hope (that)+句子 I hope your dream comes true.
☺ prepare to do sth/ prepare sth for sb./sth.//get/be ready to do sth.准备做某事=get/be ready for sth.
☺can’t wait to do sth.等不及做某事 wait for sb.to dosth.等待某人去做某事
☺seem to do sth.似乎/好像 做某事 seem+adj.//It seems that+句子
◊take turns to do sth.轮流做某事It is one’s turnto dosth.轮到某人做某事
◊invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事 an invitation letter
◊use sth. to do sth.使用某物做某事（useful 有用的 adj.）
◊welcome sb. to do sth./+地点 欢迎某人做某事/到某地
◊be+形容词+enoughto do sth.足够...做某事◊He is rich enough to buy enough nice presents for his parents.
◊Would you like something to drink/to eat你想要点喝的/吃的吗？
◊特殊疑问词+to do 如I don’t know how to look after the little dog.
◊choose to do sth.选择做某事
◊It’s really a good/great/wonderful place to meet friends and have fun.
◊表示目的用to do如◊To get to the zoo, go down the road until the end.
◊It is fun to do sth. 做某事有趣◊What great fun it is to go hiking in spring.◊How interesting it is to go hiking in spring.
6. ★动词原形(do)
★help sb. (to) do sth.=help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事(be helpful to sb.)
★help oneself to +食物/自用 ★Children, help yourselves to some cakes.
★make sb. do sth.使某人做某事 make sb./sth.+形容词 make me happy
★see sb. do sth. 看到某人做某事（经常性的动作）★see sb. doing sth.看到某人正在做某事（动作正在进行）
★hear sb. do sth. 听到某人做某事（经常性的动作hear sb. doing sth.听到某人正在做某事（动作正在进行）
★表示建议
◊Why not do sth,==Why don’t you do sth. 为什么不做...？表示建议
◊let sb. do sth.让某人做某事 let sb. not do sth.让某人不要做某事◊Let you and me be good friends.让咱俩做好朋友吧。
◊Let’s go shopping, shall we/// Let us go swimming, will you
◊Would you please do sth.做某事好吗？
◊Shall we do sth. 我们做某事怎么样？
◊had better do sth.==’d better do sth.最好做某事You’d better not lie in bed all day long.
7. 问路
★Excuse me, where is the police station
★Can you tell me where the police station is
★Can you tell me the way to the police station
★Can you tell me how to get/go to the police station
★Can you tell me how I can get to the police station
★Can you tell me which is the way to the police station
★指路
◊Go/Walk straight on, and you will find the Panda House.
◊Go/Walk along the road. To the north of the Panda House, you’ll find the lions.
◊Walk past the clothes shop,...
◊Turn left and walk along the path next to the river.
◊Cross the bridge,and you will see the giraffes.
◊Go arcross the bridge,...
◊Take the second turning on the right.=Turn right at the second crossing.
◊There is a bridge over the river. ◊Simon lives three floors above/below Alice.
◊Hong Kong is in the south of China. ◊Japan is tothe east of China.
◊Shanghai is on the east of Jiangsu.
♦Sunny Garden is west of the zoo.=Sunny Garden is to the west of the zoo.
8. 电话用语
☺-May I speak to Amy---Sorry, she isn’t in./She isn’t at home.
☺---Who is that/Who is calling--This is Amy (speaking).
☺Can I take a message for you
9. 连系动词+形容词—looksmart◊sound(听起来) great◊taste(尝起来) good◊smell(闻起来) sweet◊feel (感觉)tired
10. show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb. 给某人展示某物 show sb. around带领某人四处参观
◊give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb.给某人某物 give them sweets as a treat=treat sb. with sweets
◊buy sb. sth.=buy sth. for sb.给某人买某物
◊send sb. sth.=send sth. to sb. 给某人寄某物
◊lend sb. sth.=lend sth. to sb.借给某人某物borrow sth. from sb, 从某人处借得某物
◊too much+不可数名词 too much work/money ◊too many+可数名词复数 too many apples/things
◊much too+形容词或副词 much too fat太胖了
◊She was/were born on the evening of October/on a rainy afternoon in Nanjing.
◊look after sb/sth. well=take good care of sth./sb.照顾、照料某物/某人
◊look for寻找的动作 find寻找的结果find out查明，找出
◊look作实义动词，看，瞧-look at sth.◊作连系动词，看来，显得look happy/sad
◊She is looking happily at those lovely children playing in the playground and she looks so happy.
◊She likes going to school by bus.==She likes taking the bus to school.
◊The boy on the bus/on the bike/in the car is my cousin.
◊Millie often walks home.==Millie often walks to her home.
◊The shopping mall opens from 9:00a.m. to 10:00p.m. every day and it isn’t closed at/on weekends.
◊be close to=not far away from
◊be careful/free/busy/tired/happy(...形容词)
◊be late for school
◊be like =look like
◊How long do you do sport/exercise every week --- More than three hours.=How much sport/exercise do you do every week
◊How soon will your father be back ----He’ll be back in an hour.
◊How far is it from your home to your school---Five minute’s walk.
◊What is your father like=What does your father look like（问长相） –He is tall and strong.
◊What does your father like （问喜好）---He likes watching football matches very much.
◊What is your father==What does your father do(问职业)—He is a doctor.
◊How is your father (问身体状况)---He is fine.
◊like作动词，喜欢like doing sth./like to do sth. 作介词，像
◊Tom, like his father, likes going swimming. Tom像他的父亲，喜欢游泳。
◊常用不可数名词information(信息) news（新闻）paper（纸张）water（水） money（金钱）等 （用单数）
◊There isn’t any important news in today’s newspaper.
◊everyone, someone, nobody, anyone(人)，something, anything, everything, nothing皆为不定代词, 作主语，谓语动词用单数。不定代词放在形容词的前面。
◊Everyone ishere. Let’s begin our class.◊I have something important to tell you.
◊Each of us has an English book.=◊We each have an English book.
◊Everyone except Millie and me visits the factory this weekend.
◊My parents both like watching volleyball matches.
◊There are many shops on both sides of the street.
◊There are many shops oneach/either side of the street.
◊The price of the shoes is very high/low. They are much too expensive/cheap.
◊There are no lights in the room.=There aren’t any lights in the room.
◊There are no other rooms on the third floor.
◊Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China.◊Shanghai is bigger thanany city in Jiangsu.
◊I have two sisters, one is a doctor, the other is a teacher.
◊What else do you want to buy=What other things do you want to buy
◊Where else would you like to go=What other places would you like to go
◊This key is somebody else’s.=This key belongs to somebody else.
◊You can spend another ten minutes in bed.==You can spend ten more minutes in bed.
◊This pair of trainers looks colourful. Could I try them on
◊Lucy and Lily’smother is a teacher.◊Lucy’s and Lily’smothers are teachers.
◊a few(一些) /few(几乎没有,否定)+ 可数名词复数◊a little (一些) / little (几乎没有,否定)+不可数名词
◊He has few friends at school because he is new here.
◊There is little orange juice in the fridge. You’d better go out to buy some.
◊---He is never late for class, is he 他从不迟到，对吗？---Yes, he is.不，他经常迟到。No, he isn’t.是的，他从不迟到。
◊Millie has few friends at school, does she
◊One of the books is quite interesting.
◊He looks much healthier than before.
◊Eating healthily is very important for us.
◊ Can you find a room to live in
◊ Who are you waiting for at the bus stop
◊Why are you waiting at the bus stop
◊It is a good school to study in in this small town.
◊the biggest one in Fifth Street在第五大道上最大的一个
♦be different from与..不同 反义：be the same as与…相同
◊The capital of Japan is Tokyo.=Tokyo is the capital of Japan.东京是日本的首都。
◊Ottawa is the capital of Canada. And the CN tower is in Toronto in Canada. 渥太华是加拿大的首都。国家电视塔在加拿大的多伦多。
◊London is the capital of the UK. And Big Ben is in the UK.伦敦是英国的首都。大本钟在英国。
◊Moscow is the capital of Russia. And Red Square is in Russia.莫斯科是俄罗斯的首都。红场在俄罗斯。
◊Paris is the capital of France. And the Eiffel Tower is in France.法国的首都是巴黎。埃菲尔铁塔在法国。
◊Washington D.C. is the capital of the USA. And the White House is in America.
◊ a town 15 miles from London离伦敦15英里的小镇 .
◊ share sth. with sb.与某人分享某物 ◊I share a bedroom with my sister.=My sister and I live in the same bedroom.
◊ have my own bedroom有我自己的卧室=have a bedroom of my own
☺look out at….朝外面看…..look out of ….从….向外看
♦look out at the beach朝外面看沙滩♦look out of the window从窗户处向外看
☺The living room is the best place to chat and watch TV.客厅是聊天和看电视的最好的地方。
☺cook meals做饭 cook v. 烹调, 煮, 烧 n. 做饭的人, 厨师
☺ People from about 180 countires and areas live in New York. 来自约180个国家和地区的人住在纽约。
☺ The CN Tower is 1815 feet tall.(=544.5metres) 国家电视塔有1815英尺高。
☺Red Square in Moscow is about 91,000 square metres in size.=Red Square in Moscow has an area of about 91,000 square metres.♦莫斯科的红场的面积大概有九万一千平方米。
☺ France has an area of over 260,000 square miles.=France is more than 260,000 square miles in area/in size.♦法国的面积超过二十六万平方英里。
☺ Tokyo, the capital of Japan, has over 13,000,000 people.=has a population of over 13,000,000.
♦日本首都东京的人口超过一千三百万。
♦be full of =be filled with满是
☺You have your own bedroom.=You have a bedroom of your own.你拥有自己的房间。
♦ of one’s own属于某人自己的 ♦on one’s own=by oneself=alone独自地
☺The book is hers.=The book belongs to her.♦The book isn’t hers.=The book doesn’t belong to her.
☺Simon’s house is between my home/mineand hers/his.
♦He is ill/sick.♦ a sick boy ♦The bridge is 11 metres long./an 11-metre-long bridge
♦主将从现
♦If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go on a trip to North Hill.
♦He won’t go to bed until he finishes his homework.
♦He will call you back when he arrives homes.