初中英语相似(易混)短语辨析.doc

初中英语相似（易混）短语辨析（一）
1.a bit ;a little
【辨析】两者均可作程度状语，修饰形容词或副词，常可换用。如：He came here a little (a bit)early.他来的有点早。a little可用作形容词，直接修饰不可数名词，a bit则不能，但可与of构成短语，其功能与a little相似。如:Give me a bit of (=a little)milk ,please.请给我一点牛奶。注意：not a little(much)“很多”，“不少”；not a bit (=not at all)意为“一点也不”，“一点儿也没有”。
『练习』用a little a bit填空
①     He is_______ taller than Tom.
②     There is ______water in the glass.
Keys:①a bit②a bit/a little③a little/a bit of
2.a few ;a little
【辨析】这两者均可表示“一点（儿），一些”。但a few 修饰可数名词，而a little 修饰不可数名词。
『练习』用a few a little填空
①     He knows______English.
②     I am going to buy ______apples.
Keys; ①a little ②a few
3.afraid of  afraid to;afraid for(about)
【辨析】afraid of---意为“害怕；忧虑；担忧”，后可接名词、动名词或从句，它着重强调对可能产生的后果担忧或忧虑。如：She was afraid of walking her husband up.她担心会吵醒她的丈夫。afraid to ----意为“害怕，不敢”，后接原形动词，它着重指不敢或害怕去做某事。如：I am afraid to see him,我不敢见他。afraid for (about)意为“替某人（事）担心”，其后接人或事。如：He is afraid for(about) his own safety.他为自己的安全担心。
『练习』用afraid of  afraid to;afraid for(about) 填空
①     He is_____his mother’s health
②     She was_____what he might say .
③     She was _____wake her mother.
Keys:① afraid for(about)② afraid of;③ afraid to;
4.agree with ;agree to; agree on ,agree about
【辨析】agree with后接某人，意为“同意某人（的意见）”。如：I can’t agree with you. agree to后接“建议、计划”意为“同意某一建议、安排”等。后接原形动词意为“同意做某事”。如：He agreed to this plan immdiately.他立即同意了这个计划。I do agree to help you with the work.我确实愿意帮你做这项工作。Agree on 意为“就-----取得一致意见”。如：We agree on the question。对这一问题，我们意见一致。agree about“对----有相同的看法”。如：We agree about some books and disagree about others.对有些书我们看法一致；对另一些看法不一致。
  『练习』用agree with ;agree to; agree on ,agree about填空
①     They have’t______the price.
②     Do you _____this arrangement?
③     I quite ______his teacher.
④     We ______some viewpoints.
Keys: ①agree on,② agree to,③ agree with;④ agree about.
5.a number of ;the number of
【辨析】这两个短语虽只有一冠词之差，但词义则大不一样；a number of意为“许多”，后接可数名词的复数形式，用作主语时，其谓语动词一般用复数形式，number前往往有形容词small或large加以修饰，起强调作用。如：A large number of books are lent at the library every day.图书馆每天借出许许多多的书。the number of意为“----的总数；数量”，后接可数名词复数，做主语时，谓语动词采用单数形式。如：T he number of my books is five hundred and forty .我的书总数是540本。
『练习』用a number of ;the number of 填空
①     Quite_______students in our school are from the south .
②     ______students is very large.
Keys: ①a number of; ②The number of
初中英语相似（易混）短语辨析（二）
6.a lot of ;plenty of; a number of
【辨析】a lot of意为“大量、许多”，后接可数名词或不可数名词，动词分别为复数或单数，它主要用于肯定句中，疑问句和否定句中改用为many,much.如：A lot of students are going there.plenty of意为“大量、许多、足够”。后接可数名词或不可数名词，动词分别为复数或单数，它主要也用于肯定句中，疑问句和否定句中改用为enough,many如:There is plenty of rain here. a number of意为“一些，许多”，后接复数可数名词，动词用复数。如：A number of guests have come.
『练习』用a lot of ;plenty of; a number of  填空
①     Are ______people studying in the room?
②     He borrowed________books from the library this morning.
Keys: ①a number of; ②a lot of/plenty of
7.at night ;in the night
【辨析】at night 意为“天黑时；晚上；在夜里”包括的时间从下午6点到深夜16点之间，可指在黄昏、在夜晚、在上半夜等。He came back at night .他晚上才回来。in the night意为“在夜间，在夜里”，包括的时间比at night更长，从日落到日出之间的时间都可以说是in the night可指在夜间（里），在上半夜，在下半夜等，不过用得不广，通常用during the night
如：I woke up twice in the night. 我夜间醒来两次。
『练习』用at night ;in the night  填空
①     There was a rain _______.
I do my homework from 7to 9 o’clock_____
Keys: ①in the night ②at night
8.at table ;at the table
【辨析】at table意为“在进餐（时），table前面不加冠词，这是一个固定搭配。（注意不要把wait at table 和at table弄混，wait at table是固定短语，意为“当招待。伺候进餐”） at table长与be连用做表语，与其它动词搭配使用做状语。例如：He was at table when we called.我们去拜访他时，他正在进餐。at the table意为“在桌子旁”，用搭配词组，table前可有定冠词，不定冠词或其它形容词修饰。如：They were at the table playing cards.他们在桌边玩牌
『练习』用at table ;at the table 填空
①     He read the newspaper_____.
②     He seldom  talks_______.
Keys: ①at the table ②at table
9. before long；long before
before long意为“很快，不久，”是指以说话当时或所述事件当时为准的“不久的未来”，而long before意为“很久以前”，后面跟从句或名词时，指该名词或从句所表示的“很久以前”；后面不跟从句或名词时，指主句谓语动词所表示的“很久以前”
如：I’ll see film before long 我不久就去看这部电影。
He said he had seen the film long before.他说很久以前看过这部电影
 『练习』用before long；long before填空
①     He received my letter_____-.
②     I had heard about him _______I saw him.
Keys: ①before long②long before
10.by oneself; for oneself ;to oneself
【辨析】by oneself意为“独自的，无助的，”强调某人独自作某事，而不需别人帮助，还可说all by oneself以加强语气; for oneself意为“为自己（的利益而做某事）”还可作 ;to oneself意为“暗自，在心中”；常talk,say think等词连用。注意：say to oneself 意为“在心里想”，而talk/speak to oneself 长译为“自言自语”两者不可混淆。例如：You must do your work by yourself?你必须独立做你的工作？Do you have anything to say for yourself?你还有什么要为自己说的吗？What are you talking to say for yourself?你自言自语谢什么？
『练习』用by oneself; for oneself ;to oneself填空
①     This box is too heavy for me to lift ____-
②     He said _______that there was something wrong .
He has built a house_____.
 Keys: ①by myself②to himself③for himself
11.as many ;as many as
【辨析】as many意为“一样多的；同样的目的”，如：He read books in as many days.他四天里读了四本书。 ;as many as意为“和----一样多”；“多达---”如：Take as many as you want.你要多少就拿多少。
『练习』用as many ;as many as填空
①_____a hundred people aftended the meeting
②_____I have ring him up three in ______days .
Keys: ①as many②as many
初中英语相似（易混）短语辨析（三）
12.as much as ;as much… as
【辨析】as much as意为“同样的”。如：You hate him as much as I do.你恨他象我恨他一样的深 ;as much…as意为“与……一样多”， much为形容词，后接不可数名词，much前的as为副词，后面的as引出定语从句。注：so much as 或（so much ……as）多用于否定句或疑问句中。如：I have as much money as you think.我没有你想象的那么有钱He didn’t so much as say thank you 他甚至连句道谢的话也没有。
『练习』用as much as ;as much… as填空
①     It’s______our responsibility______yours
②     He can carry ________200 jin.
Keys: ①as much… as②as much as
13.at the end of ;by the end of
【辨析】at the end of 意为“在------尽头”；“在------结束时”，后接表达事件，场所、动作、时间等的名词，如：His house is at the end of the lane.她的房子在这条小巷的尽头。;by the end of意为“到-----结束时，到-----的末尾”，后常接表时间的名词。如：He will be here by the end of this week。他本周末要来这里的。
『练习』用.at the end of ;by the end of填空
①______this year they shall have completed the work.
②Others were planning to go ______the term.
Keys: ①by the end of②.at the end of
13.at last; in the end
【辨析】两者都可解作“最后”。 at last表示经过一定曲折之后某事才发生，强调努力的后果，带有较强的感情色彩，需用过去时。如：Did the man in the shop understand him at last?这位店员最后理解他的话了吗? in the end表示事物的发展的自然顺序的“终结”；以及预测未来。如：I hope that everything will turn out all right in the end.我希望一切最终都会顺利。
『练习』用. at last; in the end填空
When a piece of ice is taken into a warm room,it becomes smaller and smaller,,until_____it disappers completely.
Keys: in the end
14.be going to ; be about to
【辨析】这两者均可以表示将来。区别在于be going to表示“即将或马上就要发生的事”以及“打算，准备做某事”，是一种主观的意图和预见，常与表示将来的时间状语连用；而 be about to意为“正要，不久就要做某事”，它要表示一种客观的叙述，且后不加时间状语，例如：We are going to have a meeting tomorrow.我们明天开一次会；I haven’t gone yet ,but I’m about to (go).我还没去 ，但我就要去。
『练习』用. be going to ; be about to填空
①     The meeting_______begin
②     It ________rain .We’d better stay at home .
Keys: ①is about to ②is going to
15.be up; get up
【辨析】be up和 get up在表示抽象概念时间状语连用，表示“起床”时这一对短语意义无区别，可互相使用。若句中有较具体的时间状语时，常使用get up。另外，做及物动词用，表示“使-----起床”，“叫醒某人”强调起床这一动作时，只能用get up例如：He is always up(always gets up)early.他总是习惯早起。Mary got up at 6:00 this moring ,but Tom isn’t up yet 玛丽今早6点钟就起床了，但汤姆还未起床。It’s time to get the child up for breakfast .该是叫醒孩子吃早饭的时间了。
『练习』用. be up; get up填空
①     My father _____early this moring.
②     He ______me ______at first light to clean the room.
Keys: ①was up /got up②got--- up
16.because of; thanks to
【辨析】这两者均属复合名词，后接名词构成状语，because of 意为“因为”、“由于”，它构成的状语，在句中的位置较灵活；而thanks to意为“多亏，由于“，它所构成事物状语多位于句子前部（多用逗号分开）。当其单一表示原因时，两者可互换使用。但含感激之情时，用thanks to，不用.because of。例如：
I said nothing about it ,because of his mother being there .我对这事一字未提，因为他母亲在场。
Thanks to your advice ,much trouble was saved多亏你出主意，省了许多麻烦。
『练习』用. .because of; thanks to填空
①     We were successful ,_____your help.
②     The football match was cancelled_____rain
Keys: ①thanks to②.because of
17.believe(sb.),believe in (sb.)
【辨析】.believe(sb.)意为“相信某人的话（真实）”而believe in (sb.)意为“信任某人”“相信某人是诚实的。可靠的，”“相信------存在（人格，价值）例如：
Don’t believe him ,he always tells lie .别相信他的话，他向来撒谎。
『练习』用. believe(sb.),believe in (sb.)填空
①     You can _____him ,he’ll never let you down .
②     I _____him but I don’t _____him.
Keys: ①believe②believe---- believe in
初中英语相似（易混）短语辨析（四）
18 by the way ;in one’s way; on one’s way
【辨析】. by the way的意思是“顺便说，附带说”，常用于插入语中；in one’s way的意思是“挡住去路”，“妨碍着” on one’s way的意思是“在路上”后接介词to（跟副词不用介词）表示“往------的路上”。例如：
By the way,where’s Li Ping?顺便说一下，李平在什么地方？
The box is in my way.这只箱子挡着我的路了
I met him on my way to school.在我上学的路上，我遇见了他
『练习』用. by the way ;in one’s way; on one’s way填空
①     I bought a pen when I am _____home.
②     ______,have you seen her dance ?
③     Please don’t be ______his ______
Keys: ①on my way②By the way ③in ----way
19.keep on doing keep doing
【辨析】keep on doing 意为“不断的做，连续做”着重指动作的一再重复而keep doing意为“不断的做，一直做”，着重强调动作连续不断例如：
He kept on asking questions他不断的提问
That young man kept standing during the meeting开会时，那个青年又一直站着。
『练习』用. keep on doing keep doing填空
①     He _____(tell)us the the same story over and over.
②     We _____(hope) that they would have a chance to come to China some day.
Keys: ①kept on telling②kept hoping
20 keep up ;keep up with
【辨析】keep up意为“保持：继续”，可用于主动和被动结构中；而keep up with意为“跟上,与-----齐步前进”，只能用于主动语态。例如：
They entered into a correspondence which was kept up for almost ten years.他们开始通信了，并且把这种通信联系了十年。
She had to run to keep up with him.她只有跑步才能跟上他。
『练习』用. keep up ;keep up with填空
①     The rain _____for two days and the roads were flooded.
②     With friends’ help ,he____the class.
Keys: ①kept up②has kept up with
21.known for ;known as
【辨析】known意为“因-----而出名”，其后指明原因，for短语在句中做状语 ;而known as意为“以-----闻名；被称为-----”其后主要指称号，名称as短语在句中作补语。例如：
He is known for readiness to help others .大家都知道他助人为乐。
He was better known as a poet.作为诗人。他的名望更大。
『练习』用. known for ;known as填空
①     Dr. White is _______in the town _____a good family doctor.
②     Guilin is ______its beautiful secenery.
Keys: ①;known as②known for
22.many a(an);a great (good) many
【辨析】many a(an)意为“许多”，后接单数可数名词，如作主语，谓语用单数形式;a great (good) many意为“许多，相当多”，后接复数可数名词，如作主语，谓语用复数，例如：
Many a man comes or goes 许多人来来往往
A good many people come or go许多人来来往往
『练习』用. many a(an);a great (good) many填空
①_____student has seen the film before .
②I have ______things to do today.
Keys: ①many a②a great  many
初中英语相似（易混）短语辨析（五）
23.much as ;as much
【辨析】much as 意为“虽然、尽管”，它是连词，引导出一个让步状语从句；而as much作为名词短语，意为同样的或同样多少的（事物）。例如：
Much as she hated cruely,she couldn’t help watching the fight 尽管她不喜欢残酷行为，但是她任然控制不住自己要来看这场斗殴。
You have always  helped me and I will always do as much for you.你总是帮助我，我也要帮助你。
『练习』用. much as ;as much填空
①     Don’t thank me .I would do _____for anyone .
②     _____I should like to go . I can’t go right now .
Keys: ①as much②Much  as
24.one or two ;once or twice  
【辨析】one or two意为“若干，几个；少数几个” 在句中常起形容词作用，修饰名词；而once or twice 则为“几次，有时，偶尔”之意在句中起副词作用，做状语。例如：
I’ve invited one or two friends round this  evening .我邀请了一两个朋友今晚来我家里来。
I went to see him once or twice when I was there .我在那里时，曾去看过他几次。
『练习』用. one or two ;once or twice  填空
①     My father reads newspaper_____hours every day.
②     He stopped ______and looked back .
Keys: ①one or two②once or twice
25.search sb.; search for sb.
【辨析】search sb.意为“搜查某人（身体以便找出某物）”而 search for sb.意为“搜查（某地）为找某人。”例如：
They seached him but nothing was found on him.他们搜了他的身，但他身上什么也没搜出来。
They seached for him,but in vain.他们搜查他，但是徒劳一场。
『练习』用. search sb.; search for sb.填空
①They ______him everywhere ,but they didn’t find him .
②They ______him for a hidden weapon
Keys: ①seached for ②seached
26. take to ; take---to
【辨析】take to 意为“开始工作（或者做某事）”它属于固定用法，其后接名词、动名词等，这一结构只能用主动语态；而 take---to是灵活搭配用法，其中take 为及物动词，后接人或物，to 与其后面得成分构成状语。例如：
He took to studying English  with great zeal.他开始以巨大的热情学习英语。
We usually take the children to school in the car.我们经常用车把孩子们送到学校去
『练习』用. take to ; take---to填空
①Let’s _______Mary _____the cinema.
②Tom _______helping me with my lessons.
Keys: ①take---to②takes to