专四语法第14节-反意疑问句.docx

专四语法第14节-反意疑问句

专四语言知识之反意疑问句

一、知识要点

反意疑问句也叫附加疑问句 ( Tag Question )， 主要由“陈述部分+附加疑问部分”构成。

(一) 疑问部分的主语

附加疑问部分的主语通常和陈述部分的主语一致， 但需注意下列情况：
1. 陈述部分的主语是 everything, something, nothing 等指物的合成词时，附加疑问部分的主语用it; 当陈述部分的主语是everyone, everybody, somebody, someone, nobody, no one 等指人的合成词时，由于这些词未指明性别，因而附加疑问句部分的主语也应用未指明姓名的they。
Everything is arranged in a good order, isn’t it? 一切都安排得井井有条，是不是？
Someone has broken the glass, haven’t they? 有人打碎了杯子，是吗？
No one knows the history of this museum, do they? 没有人知道这座博物馆的历史，是吗？

2. 当陈述部分是there be 句式，附加疑问部分的主语也用there。
There’s something wrong, isn’t they? 出错了，是吗？

3. 当陈述部分的主语是不定式，动名词，从句或this/that 时，疑问部分的主语通常用it。
Seeing is believing, isn’t it? 眼见为实，不是吗？
This is not as beautiful as that, is it?

4. 当陈述部分的主语是不定代词one时， 疑问部分的主语可以用one （正式场合），也可以用you （非正式场合）。
One can not survive without water, can you /one? 人没有水就无法生存，是不是？

5. 当陈述部分是主从复合句，附加疑问句部分一般应与主句的主语和谓语一致；但是，当陈述部分的主句是第一人称主语+think, believe, suppose, suspect, expect等结构时，附加疑问部分往往与宾语从句中的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系， 但要注意否定的转移。但当陈述部分为非第一人称主语+think, believe, suppose, fancy, imagine, expect + that从句时，问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词保持一致。
If you had come yesterday, you might have seen him, mightn’t you? 如果你昨天来了， 可能就会见到他，是不是？
They don’t believe she’s an engineer, do they? 他们不相信她是工程师， 是不是？
I don’t think he will arrive here in time, will he? 我想他不会按时到， 是不是？

（二）特殊反意疑问句

1. 祈使句中的附加问句
（1）“祈使句+附加疑问” 构成的附加疑问句中，疑问部分一般用will you, won’t you, would you; 否定的祈使句之后的附加句只可用 will you。如：
Sit down, won’t you? 请坐。 （won’t you）表示邀请
Be quiet, would you? 安静， 好吗？
Don’t move the CD, will you? 不要动那张CD， 好吗？

（2）在以Let’s 开头的祈使句之后，附加疑问部分用shall we。 如：
Let’s go shopping, shall we? 我们购物去，好不好？

2. 当陈述部分含有以下这些含有否定意义的词：few, little, seldom, hardly, rarely, never, not, no, no one, nobody, nothing, none, neither 等， 疑问部分需用肯定结构。
Few people know him, do they? 几乎没有人认识他，是不是？
He seldom gives his wife a present, does he? 他很少送礼物给妻子，是不是？

3. 当陈述部分带有表示“有”含义的动词 have/ has/had 时，附加疑问部分既可以用have/has/had, 也可以用 do/does/did; 如果含义不是“有”，则必须用do/does/did。
You had breakfast, didn’t you? 你吃了早餐，是不是？
He has a good memory, hasn’t/ doesn’t he? 他记忆力很好，是不是？

4. 陈述部分是I am 结构，疑问部分在正式场合用am I not, 非正式的口语中用aren’t I。
I’m late, am I not//aren’t I ? 我迟到了，不是吗？

5. 陈述部分是I wish 句式， 表示询问或征求意见时，疑问部分用may I 。
I wish to shake hands with you, may I ? 我希望与你握手，可以吗？

6. 陈述部分带有情态动词时， 附加疑问部分助动词的选择：

陈述部分含有ought to, 附加疑问部分用 ought 或should;
We ought to go there, oughtn’t / shouldn’t we? 我们应该去那里，是不是？

陈述部分含有used to, 附加疑问部分用 used 或did;
He used to smoke forty cigarettes a day, usedn’t / didn’t he? 他过去每天都要抽40根烟，是不是？

陈述部分含有need 或dare, 附加疑问部分常用need 或dare; 当dare, need 为实义动词时， 疑问部分用助动词 do/does/did;
He dare not say so, dare he? 他不敢这么说，是不是？
She doesn’t dare to go home alone, does she? 她不敢独自回家，是不是？

陈述部分含有must时， 附加疑问句部分通常用must；但如must 作“有必要”解时， 也可用 needn’t； 表“一定，肯定”推测意义时， 也可根据上下文用其他动词。
You must go now, mustn’t / needn’t you? 你现在必须走，是不是？
He must have waited here for a long time, hasn’t he? 他一定在这里等了很久了， 是不是？
You must have got up late this morning, didn’t you? 今天早上你肯定起晚了，是不是？

二、 练习

真题：
1. There used to be a petrol station near the park, ?
A. didn’t it B. doesn’t it C. usedn’t it D. didn’t there
2. When you have finished with that video tape, don’t forget to put it in my drawer, ?
A. do you B. will you C. don’t you D. won’t you
3. She seldom goes to the theatre, ?
A. doesn’t she B. does she C. would she D. wouldn’t she
4. She would have been more agreeable if she had changed a little bit, ?
A. hadn’t she B. hasn’t she C. wouldn’t she D. didn’t she
5. I suppose that he is just joking, ?
A. don’t I B. isn’t he C. isn’t it D. is it
6. Do help yourself to some fruit, you ?
A. can’t B. don’t C. wouldn’t D. won’t
7. When you have finished with that book, don’t forget to put it back on my desk, ?
A. do you B. don’t you C. will you D. won’t you
8. A hibernating animal needs hardly any food all through the winter, ?
A. need it B. needn’t it C. does it D. doesn’t it
9. When you have finished with the book, don't forget to return it to Tim, ______?
A. do you B. will you C. don't you D. won't you
10. When you have finished with that book, don’t forget to put it back on the shelf, ____?　
A. will you 　　B. do you　 C. don’t you　　　D. won’t you
11. Nobody heard him sing,___________?
A. did they B. did he C. didn't they D. did one

模拟题：
12. There used to be a power station in the countryside, ?
A. didn’t it B. wouldn’t there C. shouldn’t it D. usedn’t there
13. There is little exciting news in today’s paper, ?
A. isn’t there B. is there C. is it D. isn’t it
14. There are many books in his study, ?
A. aren’t they B. are they C. aren’t there D. are there
15. There used to be a well here, ?
A. usedn’t it B. didn’t it C. didn’t there C. shouldn’t there
16. She rarely shows herself in public, ?
A. doesn’t she B. would she C. does she D. wouldn’t she
17. Nothing can prevent you from realizing your ideal, ?
A. isn’t it B. can’t it C. can you D. can it
18. He had little idea that it was getting so late, ?
A. didn’t he B. wasn’t it C. did he D. was it
19. Few of the students have read this book, ?
A. haven’t they B. have they C. don’t they D do they
20. He is unable to handle such a case, ?
A. isn’t he B. is he C. can’t he D. can he
21. You missed the early bus this morning, ?
A. did you B. didn’t you C. haven’t you D. have you
22. Everyone has climbed up to the top of the mountain, ?
A. haven’t they B. don’t they C. won’t he D. doesn’t he
23. Somebody borrowed my pen yesterday, ?
A. did they B. do he C. didn’t they D. don’t he
24. No one knows the history of the statue, ?
A. does he B. doesn’t he C. do they C. don’t they
25. Everything is ready, ?
A. is it B. isn’t it C. aren’t they D. are they
26. When it comes to the end of the meeting, don’t forget to make a conclusion, ?
A. could you B. should you C. do you D. will you
27. It is a fine day today. Let’s go to the park for boating, ?
A. will you B. shall we C. do you D. do we
28. Do try your best to finish it, ?
A. can’t you B. don’t you C. wouldn’t you D. won’t you
29. Let us have a look at your book, ?
A. will you B. shall we C. do you D. won’t you
30. What I said is what you want to say, ?
A. wasn’t it B. didn’t you C. isn’t it D. don’t you
31. Swimming alone in the river is dangerous, ?
A. is it B. do they C. don’t they D. isn’t it
32. I wish to go home with you, ?
A. may I B. shall I C. would I D. can I
33. I wish to have a word with you, ?
A. may I B. shall I C. would I D. can I
34. He ought to attend the meeting, ?
A. should he B. ought he C. shouldn’t he D. wouldn’t he
35. The child ought to be punished, ?
A. should he B. ought he C. wouldn’t he D. oughtn’t he
36. You’d rather go to theater with him this evening, ?
A. are you B. hadn’t you C. don’t you D. wouldn’t you
37. You must work hard next term, ?
A. need you B. mustn’t you C. would you D. will you
38. You must go home right now, ?
A. must you B. need you C. needn’t you D. shouldn’t you
39. He must be the man in charge of the firm, ?
A. mustn’t he B. needn’t he C. isn’t he D. shouldn’t he
40. You must have heard the news, ?
A. haven’t you B. mustn’t you C. shouldn’t you D. wouldn’t you
41. He must have gone to the cinema last night, ?
A. mustn’t he B. hasn’t he C. isn’t he D. didn’t he
42. I don’t expect that it was a dog, ?
A. do I B. was it C. wasn’t it D. does it
43. I don’t think Tom will come tomorrow, ?
A. do I B. won’t he C. will he D. does he
44. He thinks you’re the best person to do the job, ?
A. does he B. aren’t you C. doesn’t he D. are you
45. She says I did it, ?
A. does she B. doesn’t she C. did she D. didn’t she
46. You often have headaches, ?
A. do you B. don’t you C. have you D. haven’t you
47. You have an interesting book, ?
A. have you B. can you C. haven’t you D. do you
48. He hasn’t a lot of time to spare, ?
A. doesn’t he B. hasn’t he C. does he D. has he
49. She doesn’t have any money in her pocket, ?
A. does she B. has she C. hasn’t she D. doesn’t she
50. I’m wrong, ?
A. am I B. aren’t I C. should I D. would I