比较结构的省略.doc

as、、as与more than比较结构中得省略:
在as/than-从句中省略了谓语得全部。         
1. Cast iron is as useful as steel、
2. This house is not so expensive as the other one、
3. He is as big as any of the other boys、
4. He is bigger than the boy we saw yesterday、
5. It's prettier than mine、
在as/than-从句中省略了谓语得一部分。
1． Mars is farther from the earth than the moon is、
2． Mary has known Peter better than she has (known) John、
3． Wasn't anybody later than we were？
4． Jane would do it much more quickly than l would、
5． There is a vast vocabulary of technical words, but the problem is not so frightening as it looks、
有时在as/than-从句中以do得某种形式代替主句得谓语部分。
1. George writes as neatly as John does、
2. They bought fewer books than the others did、
as/than-从句中得主语与替代词do也可采取倒装形式。
1． Some people have no doubt that their cat understands as many words as does a dog、
2． Nobody did more for education in this country than did the late Mr Green、
在as/than-从句中省略了主语与谓语得大部分,只剩下一个修饰成分。
1. The roads are much quieter here than in London、
2. Things are no better than before、
3. It's raining harder than ever、
4. It's a pity the weather isn't as good as last time、
5. John has a higher opinion of Mary than of Jane、
在下列比较从句中可以说就是省略了主语,也可以说就是由as/than充当从句主语。
1． Progress with the building of the bridge was not so good as was expected、
2． They stood chatting together as easily and naturally as could be、
3． I don't think this is any better than was ordered、
4． He drove faster than was wise、
5． This hotel is far more luxurious than is necessary、
间或还能见到这样得句子:
The numbers were smaller than expected、(=than the numbers that had been expected)
在特定得上下文或情景中,as/than-从句可以整个地被省略。
1. --Thomas is a very nice boy、
2. --I think his brother is nicer、
3. The others worked as hard as John but not so successfully (as John)、
4. Flimsey's underwear costs less、
在下列比较从句中很难具体指明省略了何种成分。
1． This meat is better than what we had last week.        
2． Although they suffered a serious drought, the harvest was not less than they got the year before、
3． That is more than the workers could stand、
4． The coffee here is weaker than I like.
5． I don't think this is any better than where we live、
as/than-从句不可采取省略形式得场合:
上述比较结构都表示同质事物之间得比较,这种比较结构必须采取这样或那样得省略形式。如果不采取省略形式倒反而就是错误得。
This house is not so expensive as the other one (is)、
但不可以说:
This house is not so expensive as the other one is expensive、
又例如:He is much older than I (am)、
但不可以说:He is much older than I am old、
但就是,如果比较结构表示不同质事物之间得比较,as/than-从句通常就不可以采取省略得形式。
1. He is not so wise as he is witty、
2. This bookcase is wider than it is tall、