初中英语直接引语和间接引语.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,I am the king of the whole world.,What does the lion say?,Direct speech&Reported speech,Direct Speech and Reported Speech,引语的概念,直接引述别人的原话，叫,_;,直接引语,用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫,_,。,间接引语,直接引语通常都用,_,括起来，,引号“”,间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个,_,。,宾语从句,Direct Speech,Reported Speech,She said,“I like singing.”,She said,“I am waiting for a bus.”,She said,“I visited Europe last year.”,She said,“I have never met an American.”,She said,“I will see you next week.”,She said she liked singing.,She said she was waiting for a bus.,She said she had visited Europe the year before.,She said she had never met an American.,She said she would see me the next week.,人称的变化,口诀一随主，二随宾，三不变,、人称的变化,口诀,说明,直接引语,间接引语,一,随,主,二随宾,第三,人称,不变,引号内的第一人,称变间引后与主,句主语的人称保,持一致,引号内的第二人,称变间引后与主,句宾语的人称保,持一致,引号内的第三人,称在变间引后人,称不变,She said,“I like,Tennis.”,She said that she,liked tennis.,He said to Lily,“you must get,up early.”,He told Lily that,she must get up,early.,She said to me,“They want to,help him.”,She told me that,they wanted to,help him.,一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新,时态的变化,A:,当,主句,为,现在时,或,一般将来时,间接引语的时态和原直接引语的时态一样，不变化。,当,主句,为,现在时,或,一般将来时,间接引语的时态和原直接引语的时态一样，不变化。,He says,“I am good at swimming.”,他说：“我擅长游泳”。,He says he is good at swimming.,If you ask her,she will say,“I dont know how to do it.”,如果你去问她，她会说：“我不知道如何做。”,If you ask her,she will say she doesnt know how to do it.,时态的变化,B:,当主句为过去时，间接引语的变化情况,直接引语,间接引语,一般现在时,一般过去时,现在进行时,过去进行时,一般过去时,过去完成时,现在完成时,过去完成时,一般将来时,过去将来时,The teacher,said,“The,sun is bigger than the earth.”,The teacher,said,that the sun,is,bigger than the earth.,注,:,直引若是客观真理,变为间引时,时态不变,.,时态变化,2,1.“I,am,ill today.”,said,my mother.,My mother,said,that she,ill that day.,2.“We work hard at English.”he said.,was,He said that they,hard at English.,worked,1.They,said,to me,“We,are working,hard at a company.”,They,told,me that they,at a company.,were working,2.“I,am writing,a letter now.”she said.,She said that she,a letter then.,was writing,直接引语为,现在完成时,间接引语变为,过去完成时,He says,“I,have finished,my homework.”,He says that he,had finished,his homework.,直接引语为,一般过去时,间接引语变为,过去完成时,She said to me,“I,broke,your CD player.”,She told me that she,had broken,my CD player.,直接引语为,一般将来时,间接引语变为,过去将来时,He said,“I,will,come here this morning.”,He said he,would,go there that morning,指示代词。时间状语。地点状语。情态动词。方向性动词。的变化,直接引语,间接引语,指示,代词,时 间 状 语,地点状语,方向性动词,this,that,these,those,now,then,today,that day,this week,that week,yesterday,the day before,last week,the week before,four days ago,four days before,the day before yesterday,two days before,tomorrow,the next/following day,next month,the next/following month,here,there,come,go,bring,take,情态动词,can,may,must,could,might,had,to,1.“What does,this,word mean?”she asked me.,She asked me what,word meant.,that,2.“Can you see,that,map on the wall?”he asked me.,He asked me if I could see,map on the wall.,that,3.“Do you like,these,toys?”Jane asked us.,Jane asked us if we liked,toys.,those,4.“Bring,those,balls to me.”said my sister.,My sister asked us to bring,balls to her.,those,直接引语的,can,变为,couldtomorrow,变为,the next dayhere,变为,there,eg,:He said:“I,can,speak a little English.”,变为：,He said he,could,speak a little English.”,eg,:Jim said:“I will be,here,on time,tomorrow,.”,吉姆说：“我明天会准时到这儿”,变为：,Jim said he would be,there,on time,the next day.,不同句式的变化,1.,直接引语如果是,陈述句,，变为间接引语时，用连词,that,引导,（,that,在口语中常省略）,要注意人称，时态，指示代词，时间状语，地点状语的变化。,eg,.He,said,“I,like it very much.,”,变成,:He said he liked it very much.,2.,直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要把疑问语序改为陈述语序，句末用句号，从句的人称，时态和状语等也要发生相应的变化。,A;,直接引语如果是,一般疑问句,，变为间接引语时，要用连词,whether,或,if,引导。主句中的动词是,said,时，要改为,asked,。没有间接宾语的，可以加一个间接宾语（,me him,或,us,）,eg,:He,said,“Are,you interested in English?,”,变为：,He asked(me)if/whether I was interested in English.,B:,直接引语如果是,特殊疑问句,，变为间接引语时，,仍用原来的疑问词引导,。,eg,:“,What,can I do for you?”he asked me.,变为：,He asked(me),what,he could do for me.,C:,直接引语如果是,祈使句,，要将祈使句的,动词原形变为带,to,的不定式,，并在不定式的前面根据句子的意思加上,tell,ask,order,等动词，其句型是,:,tell/ask/order,sb(not,)to do,sth,.,如果祈使句为否定句式，在不等式的前面加上,not.,eg,:“Make sure the door is shut,”she said to her little son.,She,told,her little son,to make sure,the door was shut.,“Dont smoke in the room,”he said to me.,He told me not to smoke in the room.,宾语从句不改变语序的有：,How old are you,？,Whats wrong?,Whats the matter?,What happened?,Whats happening?,解题步骤,:,1.,陈述句,“I dont like computers,”,Sandy said to her friends.,Sandy said to her friends,that,I dont like,computers,.,said,didnt,she,Sandy said to her friends,that,she,didnt,like computers.,2.,一般疑问句,:,Is it easy to work out the problem?,(They asked him),They,asked,him,if,It is easy to work out the problem.,it,is,easy to work out the problem.,asked,is,was,They asked him,if,it,was,easy to work out the problem.,3.,特殊疑问句：,When do you harvest the wheat?,(They asked him),They asked him,when,you harvest the wheat,you,harvest,the wheat.,he,harvested,They asked him,when,he harvested,the wheat.,4.,祈使句,Little boy,put on your coat.,(,They ordered,),They ordered,Little boy,Little boy,put on your coat.,put on your coat.,to put,They ordered,the little boy,to put,on,his,coat.,his,1.Jack said to me,“You look worried today.”,Jack told me that _ worried _.A.he lookstoday B.you looktoday C.we lookedthat day D.I lookedthat day,Exercise II,2.,We said to her,“Theyre walking through the street now.”,We told her that _ through the street _.,A.we were walkingthen B.you are walkingnow C.they were walkingthen D.they walkingnow,3.,Mr,Black said,“I have walked a long way this week.”,Mr,Black said that _ a long way _.,I had walkedthat week,he had walkedthat week,I walkedlast week,he has walkedthis week,4.,The man thought,“I shall take it back tomorrow.”,The man thought that _ take it back _.A.I shalltomorrow B.I shallthe next day C.he shouldtomorrow D.he would the next day,5.They said to us,“Are you afraid to leave this house?”,They asked us _ afraid to leave _ house.A.that were wethis B.that we werethat C.if were we this D.if we werethat,6.Jane said,“What did he hear about a week ago?”,Jane asked _ about _.A.that he hearda week ago B.what he had heardthe week before C.what he had herd a week ago D.if he heardthe week ago,7.She asked,“Whose house will he break into next time?”,She asked whose house _ break into _.A.will henext time B.would hethe next time C.he wouldthe next time D.he willnext time,8.Jack said to her,“Where do you spend your holidays?”,Jack asked her where _ holidays.,she spent her,B.you spend your,C.she spend her,D.you spent your,9.Black asked me,“Why havent you left here yet?”,Black asked me why _ yet.,I hadnt left there,B.I havent left here,C.hadnt I left there,D.havent I left here,10.The teacher asked her,“Does the sun rise in the east?”,The teacher asked her _ the sun _ in the east.,A.ifrise B.ifrises C.whetherrose D.whether did rise,Exercises:,1).,Betty says to Harry,I want to borrow your book.”,2).My teacher said,“she is a good student.”,3)She asked me,”Do you agree with me?”,4)Anne asked her mother,“Is there any,delicious food to eat?”,5)“What are you going to do?”he asked.,6,）“,How do you go to school every day?”asked Mr.Zhang.,7).Mom said,“Dont chat with strangers,”,8).“Go shopping with me,please?”said Mr.Wang.,1.She said:”I am six years old.”,2.John said:”Ill be back tomorrow.”,3.Kate said:”I am watching TV now”,4.The boy said:”I was born on April 11,th,1982”,.,5.“Why are you late?”the teacher asked the boy.,6.He asked me,“Do you like black tea or green tea？”.,7.,He said,“please come here again tomorrow.”,8.He said,“Mother,the boy is very naughty.”,9.Kitty said“Ill call again after supper this evening.”,1o.She said,“I will come here again tonight.”,11.She said,“My sister will be back tomorrow morning.”,12.“The children had better go to bed early,”she said.13.Paul said,“Im trying to get a taxi.”,He said to his mother the boy was very naughty.,Kitty said she would call again after supper that evening.,She said she would go there again that night.,She said her sister would be back the next morning.,She said the children had better go to bed early.,Paul said he was trying to get a,taxi.,14 He asked,“Are you sure your mother will come?,15 He asked,“Are you a teacher or a student?”,16 He said to me,“Please come again here tomorrow.”,17 He said to me,“Dont do that again.”,18 He said,“Where is she going?”,18“Who lives next door?”she asked.,He asked me if I was sure my mother would go.,He asked me if I was a teacher or a student.,He told me to go again there the next day.,He ordered me not to do that again.,He asked me where she was going.,She asked me who lived next door.,Thank you!,