必修4unit2词汇.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,学习提纲:,话题,Important people，history and methods of agriculture(农业科学家、农业的历史和农业耕作),功能,Persuasion(说服；劝说),语法,The,v,ing form as the Subject and Object(动词的ing形式作主语和宾语的用法),重点单词,struggle,，,decade,，hunger，disturbing，super，output，,circulate,，,expand,，battle，freedom，,therefore,，equip，export，chemical，,confuse,，,regret,，,mineral,，,focus,，reduce，,rid,，production，,bacteria,，,summary,，,nutrition,，skim，underline，,comment,statistic,occupation,although,重点短语,rid.of,，,be satisfied with,，,thanks to,，,would,rather,，,build up，lead to，focus on，keep.free from/of,重点句型,1,If so,what did you do to grow them?,如果这样，你做什么来种植它们？,2Crops such as peas or soybeans put important,minerals back into the soil，,making it ready for crops,such as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil.,像豌豆和大豆这样的农作物将重要的矿物质带回土壤，从而使之适宜于种植要求土壤肥沃的农作物比如玉米和小麦。,3He,would,much,rather,keep time for his hobbies.,他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。,4.Using his hybrid rice farmers are producing harvests,twice as large as,before.,使用这种杂交水稻，农民们现在的收成是原来的两倍了。,5.This special strain of rice,make it possible,to produce onethird more of the crop in the same fields.,这种特殊的水稻使得在同一块农田里多生产三分之一的庄稼成为了可能。,6.Dr Yuan,searched for a way to increase,rice harvests,without,expanding the area of the fields.,袁隆平博士不用扩大土地面积而寻找到一条增长稻米产量的方法。,sunburnt,get sunburnt,for sth.,to do sth.,satisfied with,regret,doing sth.,to do sth.,build up,6,导致；造成(后果)contribute to 导致,7,.,使免受(影响、伤害等)；,使不含(有害物)be free from/of免受,lead to,keep,free from/of,hunger,hungry,disturbing,freedom,equipment,occupy,chemical,nutritious,discovery,reduction,学习有道,词汇短语过关,1.struggle,vi,.&,n,斗争；拼搏；努力,(教材原句).for whom he has struggled for the,past five decades.过去五十年来，他一直在努力,帮助他们。,联想拓展,struggle to ones feet 挣扎着站起来,struggle for 为而奋斗,；努力争取,struggle against/with 向作斗争；同搏斗,struggle to do sth 努力做某事,；挣扎着做某事,struggle on/along 挣扎着，坚持下去/,勉强生存下去,with a struggle 费劲地,学以致用,Dina，_for months to find a job as a waitress，finally took a position at a local advertising agency.(2010湖南，26),Astruggling Bstruggled,Chaving struggled Dto struggle,完成句子,那两个领导人正在争夺权力。,The two leaders_ _ _ _.,她靠着非常微薄的收入艰难地供养一家人。,_ _ _ _a family on a very low income.,are struggling for power,Shes struggling to bring up,【助记】,Farmers always have to,struggle for,a living.They often,struggle against/with,the bad weather for a better harvest.Some of them even have to leave their hometown and go to work in cities,struggling to,increase their income.,农民一直都得为了生存而努力，他们经常与恶劣的天气斗争来争取好一点的收成，他们中的一些人甚至不得不离开家乡到大城市打工，努力地增加他们的收入。,2expand vt.&vi.扩大，增加；使变大；使增强；使膨胀；,expansive,adj,.易扩张的；易膨胀的；广阔的,expansion,n,.扩张；膨胀；扩大；发展,【链接训练】,用 expand 的适当形式填空,A tyre _ when it is pumped air.,The _ of gases usually depends on the temperature.,Now the _ land is becoming smaller and smaller.,expands,expansion,expansive,(1)expand展开，扩大，使膨胀；不仅指尺寸的增加，还可指范围和体积的扩大。,(2)extend伸长，延伸，指空间范围等的扩大，以及长度、宽度的向外延伸，也可指时间的延长。,(3)spread伸开，传播，一般指向四面八方扩大传播的范围，如传播(疾病)、散布(信息)等。,(4)stretch伸展，拉长，一般指由曲变直、由短变长的伸展，不是加长。,用expand，extend，spread或stretch的适当形式填空,The hot weather,to October.,Water,when it freezes.,He,his body full.,The fire soon,to the nearby building.,extended,expands,spread,stretched,3equip vt.装备；配备,equipment,n,U装备；设备,（不可数名词）,a piece of equipment(不可用 an equipment),归纳拓展,equip.with.用装备，使装(具)备,be equipped with装(配)备；安装,be fully/specially/poorly/well equipped装备齐全/独特/简陋/完好,equip sth.on.在上装备某物,equip sb.for.使某人具有,A good education should equip you for life.,良好的教育能使你受用终生。,Its time to equip yourself for the journey abroad.,你该准备出国的行装了。,The explorers were told to _ themselves with everything they would need for the voyage.,Aassociate Bequip,Crelate Dfeed,3.regret,n,遗憾，懊悔,vt,.遗憾；惋惜,(教材原句)His father says that he has never regretted sending his son to study abroad.他的父亲说，他从不后悔把儿子送到国外学习。,联想拓展,regret doing,/having don,e,sth 后悔曾经做过某事,regret to do sth 遗憾/抱歉要去做某事,.(常和tell，say，inform等动词连用)对将要做某事表示遗憾,regret not to have done sth 后悔没做过某事,regretthatclause遗憾,feel regret for对感到后悔,to ones regret令某人感到遗憾的是,with great/deep regret很遗憾,He regretted spending so much time on computer games.,他后悔在玩电脑游戏方面花了这么多时间。,You were brave enough to raise objections(反对)at the meeting.,Well，now I regret _ that.,Ato do Bto be doing,Cto have done Dhaving done,I regret_ you that John has been fired.,I can hardly believe my ears.He is such a fine worker.,(2013济南外国语学校质检),A.telling B.having told C.to tell D.to have told,“Tommy，run！Be quick！The house is on fire！”the mother shouted，with_ clearly in her voice.,(2011湖北，21),A,anger B,rudeness Cregret Dpanic,完成句子,Only recently，when she began to write Growing Up Again，_ _ _(她才后悔忽略了她妈妈)，“I dont know how to use a computer，”she admits.,(2012湖南阅读理解B),学以致用,did she regret ignoring her mom,十分抱歉，那工作已经有人做了。,I_ _ _the job has been filled.,她为自己发了脾气而深感后悔。,She deeply _ _ _ _.,用所给动词的适当形式填空,I regret,(break)your glass；I will buy a new one for you.,I regret,(tell)you that you cant pass the examination.,I regret,(disturb)you so long.,regret to say,regretted losing her temper,having broken,to tell,disturbing,4.thanks to由于；幸亏；因为,(教材原句)Thanks to his research，he UN has more,tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.由于他的,研究，联合国在消除世界饥饿的战斗中有了更多的,方法。,联想拓展,表示“因为；由于”的短语还有：,because of，owing to，due to，on account of，,result from，as a result(of)，for ones sake，,for the sake of sb等。,because of因为；由于,owing to由于，因的缘故,as a result of作为的结果，由于,due to因为，由于 on account of由于,for the reason of由于的原因,【点津】,thanks to属非正式用语，在句中可作表语或状语。后面接的原因常带有积极意义，多用于好的方面，常译为“多亏”，引导的介词短语可置于句首或句末。,because of,as a result of,owing to,due to,语气最强,多用于表示直接原因。一般放在主句之后,有时也可放在主句之前。和thanks to一样都属非正式用语,用于解释某件事发生的原因和过程。只是thanks to常带有积极意义。,as a result of后面接的原因通常带有消极意义。在句中作状语。,属较正式的用语，常用于正式的通告或公开声明，在句中多作状语。,可以作表语或状语，在标准英语中不能位于句首。due to sth./sb.意为“由于，因为”。,In San Francisco,four hundred people were killed,as a result of/because of,the earthquake.,The accident was,due to,careless driving.,Owing to,a financial disagreement,the cooperation broke down and the two businessmen finally went their separate ways,.,Its acknowledged that the traffic accident was largely_ the drivers carelessness.,Abecause Bdue to,Cthanks to Dwith a result of,完成句子,_ _ _ _(多亏了你的鼓励)，I made continuous progress in math，and finally made up my mind to study it in the university.,(2012广东读写任务),学以致用,Thanks to your encouragement,(1)The failure of the plan was_（由于）bad management.,(2)His absence was_(由于坏天气).,due to,due to the bad weather,5rid.of摆脱，除去(不好的东西),归纳拓展,(1)rid.of.常于用结构 be rid of或get rid of中。,be rid of已摆脱掉，已除掉,get rid of处理掉；摆脱,rid oneself of.摆脱；从解脱,He has gone,and Im glad to,him.,他走了，而我很高兴摆脱了他。,He believed that his manager,for personal reasons.,他认为经理是出于个人原因想开除他。,You must,.,你必须摆脱这些陈腐观念的束缚。,完成句子,How to,these things,a big problem.,Abe rid of；is Bget rid of；is,Cbe rid of；are Dget rid of；are,get rid of摆脱 remind sb.of sth.提醒某人某事,inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事,rob sb.of sth.抢劫某人某物,cheat sb.of sth.骗取某人某物,be rid of,wanted to get rid of him,rid yourself of these oldfashioned ideas,6.He,would much rather,keep time for his hobbies.,他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。,联想拓展,1)would rather do sth.prefer to do sth.宁愿(可)做某事,would rather(not)do sth.宁愿(不)做某事,2)would rather do.than do.,would do.rather than do.rather than do.would.,prefer to do.rather than do.,prefer sth 更喜欢某物,宁愿做也不愿做；与其做倒不如做,3)would rather从句(从句使用虚拟语气),would rather(that)sb.,did,sth.宁愿某人做某事(用一般过去时表示与,现在或将来,事实相反),would rather(that),sb.had done,sth.宁愿某人做过某事(过去完成时表示与,过去,的情况相反),4)would rather have done本来想做而未实现,Rather than refuse to help you，I would borrow money from my friends.,我宁可向朋友借钱，也不想拒绝帮助你。,Dont come tomorrow.Id rather you came next weekend.,明天别来，我希望你下周末再来。,I would rather that you hadnt missed the exhibition.,我真希望你没错过展览会。(事实上已错过),Rather than _ on a crowded bus，he always prefers _ a bicycle.,Aride；ride Briding；ride,Cride；to ride Dto ride；riding,If you let challenges stimulate _ annoy you，much more can be accomplished than you thought possible.,Arather than Bother than,Cless than Dmore than,完成句子,There are ever more people on the Earth，and they reasonably and rightfully want to have better lives，_ _ _ _ _(而不是仅仅为了继续生存而挣扎),(2012北京阅读理解D),汤姆宁愿独自一人去海边也不愿意与他们一起踢足球。Tom_ _ _to the seaside alone than_ football with them.,她宁愿去钓鱼也不愿去看电影。,She_ _ _ _than see the film.,翻译句子,We prefer typed articles between 1,000 and 2,000 words in length.,_,rather than merely struggle for survival,would rather go,play,would rather go fishing,我们更喜欢长度在1 000至2 000词的打印出来的文章。,一句多译,我宁愿步行也不坐出租车去那儿。,.,.,.,I would rather walk there than take a taxi.,I would walk there rather than take a taxi.,I prefer to walk there rather than take a taxi.,7.lead to导致,(result in),；造成(后果),；通向(不用于被动语态),(教材原句)Many of these chemicals can lead to,cancer or other illnesses.,很多化学物质会导致癌症或其他疾病。,联想拓展,lead sb to do sth 使某人做某事/,引导某人做某事,lead a.life 过着的生活,(1)lead to中to为介词，后跟名词、代词或,v,.ing形式。,(2)lead sb.to sth./sp.使得出(观点)/引导某人去,lead sb.into带某人进入,lead the way领路；处于领先地位,Teachers should lead students to think for themselves.,老师应该引导学生独立思考。,The discovery of new evidence led to _.,Athe thief having caught,Bcatching the thief,Cthe thief being caught,Dthe thief to be caught,Look over theretheres a very long，winding path_ up to the house.,(2011山东，27),Aleading Bleads Cled Dto lead,完成句子,A lack of confidence_ _ _ _(能引起很多痛苦),(2012福建短文填词),是什么让你开始从事演艺事业的？,What _ _ _ _ _acting as a career?,这个印刷错误造成很大的混淆。,This misprint_ _great confusion.,学以致用,can lead to a lot of suffering,led you to take up,led to,8.build up逐渐增强；建立；开发,(教材原句)These chemicals in the food supply build up in peoples bodies over time.随着时间的推移，食物中的这些化学成分会在人体中堆积。,联想拓展,build sb/oneself up 增强体质,build up ones health/body 增进健康,build up a fame 建立名声,Taking exercise helps us,build up,our body and keep a clear mind.,锻炼身体帮助我们增强体质，保持头脑清醒。,Hard working conditions can _ _ your character.,(喻)艰苦的工作条件能磨炼人的品质。,build up,完成句子,来往的车辆在通往市区的道路上越聚越多。,Traffic _ _ _ on roads into the city.,试试让他增加对自己的信心。,Try and _ _ his confidence.,学以致用,is building up,build up,9be satisfied with对感到满意,归纳拓展,(1)be/feel satisfied withbe content with对表示满足或满意 be satisfied to do sth.对做某事感到满意,(2)satisfy,v,使(某人)满意，满足(欲望),satisfysb./sth.使某人/某种欲望得到满足,satisfy ones need/demand/curiosity,满足某人的需要/好奇心,(3)satisfaction,n,满意，满足,to ones satisfactionto the satisfaction of sb.使某人感到满意的是,with satisfaction满意地,(4)satisfying,adj,.令人满意(满足)的,satisfied,adj,.满足的，满意的,satisfactory,adj,.令人满意的，圆满的，如愿的,far from satisfactory远不令人满意,The result of his test seemed to be,satisfactory/satisfying.,他测试的结果似乎令人满意。,Our government tried in every way to,satisfy the needs,of the people for vegetables.,我国政府千方百计满足人们对蔬菜的需求。,To our satisfaction，the teacher praised us.,令我们非常满意的是老师表扬了我们。,用,satisfy,的适当形式填空,She gave a,smile.,It was a,result.,To our,，he solved the problem alone,.,satisfied,satisfying,satisfaction,