应用统计学总复习(计算题)知识分享.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,计算题,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,对数值型数据进行,组距式分组；,编制频数分布表和累积频数分布表；,第三章计算题的重点,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,例,某行业管理局所属40个企业1999年的产品销售收入数据如下（单位：万元）：,116 95 135 88 123 164 129 103 117 105 136 107 108 138 110 112 113 114 115 137 146 117 104 118 119 92 120 87 124 125 126 127 103 119 105 115 108 142 76 100,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,把40个企业1999年的产品销售收入数据按从小到大的顺序进行整理，结果如下：,76 87 88 92 95 100 103 103 104 105 105 107 108 108 110 112 113 114 115 115 116 117 117 118 119 119 120 123 124 125 126 127 129 135 136 137 138 142 146 164,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,解,确定组数，根据经验公式,确定组距,因此，根据组距15，组数6把数据分组整理成次数分布表。,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,频数分布表,销售收入,（万元）,企业数（个）,比重,（%）,75,90,90,105,105,120,120,135,135,150,150,165,3,6,17,7,6,1,7.5,15.0,42.5,17.5,15.0,2.5,合 计,40,100.0,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,累积频数分布表,分组,企业数,比重,向上累积,向下累积,企业数,比重,企业数,比重,75-90,90-105,105-120,120-135,135-150,150-165,3,6,17,7,6,1,7.5,15.0,42.5,17.5,15.0,2.5,3,9,26,33,39,40,7.5,22.5,65.0,82.5,97.5,100.0,40,37,31,14,7,1,100.0,92.5,77.5,35.0,17.5,2.5,合计,50,100,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,均值、方差、标准差、变异系数的计算；,掌握几何平均数的计算；,掌握调和平均数的计算；,第五章计算题的重点,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,1、均值的计算,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,例,已知10名成年人的身高资料如下（单位：厘米）：,166 169 172 177 180,170 172 174 168 173,求这10名成年人的平均身高。,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,例,某企业青年班组100名工人每月奖金分组数据及有关计算如下表，要求计算平均奖金。,月奖金分组,（元）,组中值,x,工人人数（人）,f,500,600,600,700,700,800,800,900,900,1000,550,650,750,850,950,10,10,30,40,10,100,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,2、几何均值的计算,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,例,某厂有4个流水作业车间，某月它们的产品合格率分别为：98%、97%、95%和90%，问4个车间产品的平均合格率是多少？,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,3、调和均值的计算,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,【例】,菜场上有一种蔬菜，价格分别为：早市2.5元/公斤；午市2元/公斤；晚市1元/公斤。若早、中、晚各花1元钱买蔬菜，求一天中买到蔬菜的平均价格？,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,4、方差计算,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,例,从某车间抽取100名工人的月工资如下，计算其方差。（已知,=,780元）,月工资分组,（元）,工人人数,f,组中值,x,500,600,600,700,700,800,800,900,900,1000,10,10,30,40,10,550,650,750,850,950,100,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,5、变异系数的计算,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,地区,平均产量（千克）,标准差（千克）,甲,乙,1000,1200,45,49,例,甲乙两地粮食的平均产量及标准差如下。试计算比较：甲乙两地中，哪一地的平均产量的代表性最好？,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,拟合优度检验。,一元线性回归模型的建立、回归系数经济含义的解释、回归系数显著性检验，点预测。,第七章计算题的重点,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,一元线性回归方程的系数表,Model,Unstandardized coefficients,Unstandardized coefficients,t,Sig.,B,Std.error,beta,（constant）,450.334,388.906,1.158,0.256,X可支配收入,0.692,0.029,0.976,24.148,0.000,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,【例】对回归系数的显著性进行检验,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,回归方程显著性r,2,检验,Model,R,R Square,Adjusted R Square,Std.Error of the Estimate,1,0.976,0.953,0.951,559.33047,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,【例】,请预测当可支配收入,x,f,=7500（元）时，消费性支出的点预测值。,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,平均发展速度、平均增长速度的计算；,移动平均法测定长期趋势因素。,原始资料平均法测定季节变动因素。,第八章计算题的重点,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,1、平均发展速度和平均增长速度的计算,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,【例】,我国2004-2009年第三产业GDP时间序列如下，求年平均发展速度和年平均增长速度。,年 份,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,国内生产总值GDP（万元）,14930,17947,20428,24033,26104,27789,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,年平均发展速度和年平均增长速度计算如下：,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,年份,销售额,移动平均值,二项移正平均,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,10,40,100,70,40,130,100,130,190,160,55,63,85,85,100,138,145,59,74,85,93,119,142,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,【例】,某副食公司2001-2003年各季度的销售额资料如下，请计算各季节指数。已知各季度均值为50.17,季度,年度,1,2,3,4,2001,50.31,20.05,50.31,52.13,2002,50.50,33.21,32.35,42.18,2003,84.98,25.92,79.79,80.29,各年同季合计,185.79,79.18,162.45,174.60,各年同季平均,61.93,26.39,54.15,58.20,季节指数%,123.44,52.61,107.94,116.01,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,加权综合指数的计算（拉氏指数、帕氏指数）；,总量变动的两因素分析。,第九章计算题的重点,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,1、加权综合指数的计算,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,【例】,三种商品销售量和价格资料及有关计算如下表,商品,计 量,单 位,价 格,销 售 量,销售额（万元）,基期,p,0,报告期,p,1,基期,q,0,报告期,q,1,q,0,p,0,q,1,p,0,p,1,q,0,p,1,q,1,雨衣,笔,橡皮,件,支,个,20,4,1.5,40,6,1.5,120,800,100000,150,1000,120000,2400,3200,150000,3000,4000,180000,4800,4800,150000,6000,6000,180000,-,-,-,-,-,155600,187000,159600,192000,请计算,：1,）拉氏销售量综合指数；2）拉氏价格综合指数；3）帕氏销售量综合指数；4）帕氏价格综合指数。,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,2、总量变动的两因素分析,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,【例】,某车间两种产品的生产情况如下：,要求：建立适当的指数体系（V=L,P），从相对数和绝对数两方面对总成本的变动进行因素分析。,产品,名称,计量,单位,单位成本,产量,基期,报告期,基期,报告期,A,万件,10,12,3,5,B,万台,3,6,2,6,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,【解】,本题所用的指数体系为：,总成本指数：,总成本增减变动额为：,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,产量综合指数：,由于产量变动而引起的总成本的变动：,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,单位成本综合指数：,由于单位成本变动而引起的总成本的变动：,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,相对数：266.67%=188.89%,141.18%,绝对数：60（万元）=32+28,结果表明：由于产量增长88.89%，使总成本增加了32万元；又由于单位成本上升41.18%，使总成本增加了28万元。两个因素共同作用的结果，使总成本上升了166.67%，即增加了60万元。,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,