高中英语完型填空线索法.doc

高考英语完型填空巧用线索法

1．巧用语意转折线索解题
有些句子含有表示转折或对比的连词、副词或副词短语，如but, though, although, instead, however, on the contrary, otherwise等，我们可利用这些暗示来解决问题。有时也可能没有这些词语的出现。
A formal letter is very different from an informal letter. Formal letters ___1___ to businesses, schools or government offices. ___2___ letters are for relatives, or former(以前的) teachers. You may write an informal letter by hand, but you should ___3___ a formal letter.
1. A. send B. are written C. write D. are dropped
2. A. Informal B. Formal           C. Business D. Relative
3. A. copy  B. type C. write       D. share

2．巧用因果关系线索解题
It was a strange noise that made the man ___1___ his car soon after he left a village ___2___ London. He got out of his car and ___3___ the wheels(车轮) carefully, but as he found nothing ___4___ he continued his way.
1. A. start B. stop  C. slow D. speed
2. A. to B. for C. from D. of
3. A. repaired B. examined C. cleaned D. looked
4. A. wrong B. danger C. interesting  D. matter

3．巧用具体示例线索解题
即根据文章中所提供的具体实例进行分析，将与具体示例有关的信息进行优选，将与具体示例无关的信息进行排除，从而便可得出所需答案。如：
Every student must wear their ___1___ when they are at school. There are ___2___ items of uniforms: suits, dresses, shorts, skirts and T-shirts. There are also Wasley schoolbags, caps and socks.
1. A. long hair  B. thick glasses  C. sports shoes  D. school uniforms
2. A. much              B. three C. many D. a lot

4．巧用同义反义线索解题
Though he is serious in appearance, he never fails to be interesting. Often he is clever, sometimes even ______ and gay…
A. worried B. bright C. discouraging         D. friendly
As it turned out, my little publication went on to become Student, a national magazine for young people in the U.K. My wife and I have two children, and I’d like to think we are bringing them up in the same way Dad ______ me.
A. controlled  B. comforted  C. reminded  D. raised
5．巧用逻辑顺序线索解题
即根据文章所提供的内容，同时结合一定的生活常识，对所推断的内容进行逻辑推理和逻辑顺序。如：
I went to Wasley College with Winnic today. Wasley is a large, old ___1___. It has three branch campuses(分校): Clunes, Glen Waverly and Elasterwick. It has a primary school, a ___2___ school and a senior school. So there are twelve grades of ___3___ studying there.
1. A. school B. factory C. movie      D. hospital
2. A. night B. junior C. high D. spare-time
3. A. workers       B. boys       C. students D. teachers
…His big stomach has always ballooned out between his T-shirt and trousers. Although the family 43 about it, Ed refused to buy 44 T-shirt or lose weight…When the game finally ended, both of us were lying flat on our backs, too tired to 54 . In a way, I think we both won: I won the game, but cousin Ed my 55 . (全国卷)
43. A. cared B. forgot C. quarreled D. joked
44. A. clean B. larger C. straight D. darker
54. A. play B. start C. sleep D. move
55. A. friendship B. respect C. support D. favor

6. 巧用语篇标志线索解题
语篇一般指比单个句子长的语言单位，如句群、段落、篇章等。语篇与语篇之间往往有表明其内在联系的词语，这些词语可称为语篇标志。如：表示结果层次的语篇标志语有firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally等；表示逻辑关系的有thus, therefore, so等；表示改变话题的有by the way等；表示时间关系的有before, so far, yet, now, later等。在做完形填空题时，如果能充分利用这些语篇标志语，就可以迅速理清文章的脉络，弄清上下文的关系。如：
First of all, I respected his devotion to teaching…______, I admired the fact that he would talk to students outside the classroom or talk…Finally, I was attracted by his lively sense of humor.
A. Later                B. Secondly            C. However              D. Therefore
What laughing 42 we had about the 43 respectable method for moving spaghetti from plate to mouth. 44 , I wanted to write about that, but I wanted to 45 it down simply for my own 46 , not for Mr. Fleagle, my composition teacher. 47 , I would write something else.
44. A. Especially B. Probably C. Suddenly D. Fortunately
I played a racquet ball game against my cousin Ed last week. It was one of the most 36 and tiring games I’ve ever had… (全国卷)
A. encouraging B. hopeless C. surprising D. regular
But we ran so much that, afterwards, we had trouble 45 .
A. speaking B. sleeping C. breathing D. moving
, for example, the neatly-dressed woman I used to see -- or look at -- on my way to work each morning.
A. Make B. Take C. Give D. Have
When the papers were , she discovered that twelve boys had made exactly the same mistakes throughout the test.
A. examined B. completed C. marked D. answered

7. 巧用结构对比线索解题
在做完形填空题时，有时会遇到两个结构十分相似的句子，此时同学们应认真比较其结构特点，或根据其相似性推断空格处所填之词，或根据文章的上下文语境判断两个(或几个)相似结构之间的逻辑关系。如：
I realized strength and courage aren’t always measured in medals and victories, but in the struggles we overcome(战胜). The strongest people are not always the people who win, ______ the people who don’t give up when they lose.
A. or B. nor C.  and D. but
The correct water supply forecast is based more on the water from the ______ than from the below. (辽宁卷)
A. clouds  B. sky  C. air    D. above

8. 巧用语境暗示线索解题
有的空格根据所在句的句意或附近上下文的语境我们无法作出正确的选择，要想作出正确判断，同学们应特别注意空格前后所出现的相关词语，尤其注意找出其中重复出现的暗示性词语。如：
Four students from Burlington College of Higher Education are in the bell tower of the ______ have made up their minds to ring the bells nonstop for two weeks as a protest (抗议) against heavy trucks which run day and night through the narrow High Street. (全国卷)
A. college  B. village        C. town  D. church
Waiting above the crowded streets, on top of a building 110 stories high, was Philippe Petit. This daring Frenchman was about to 31 a tightrope (绷索) between the two towers of the World Trade Center.
A. throw B. walk C. climb D. fix

综合方法指导：
一、语法
This autumn was the wettest since records began in the U.K. Floods _______ large parts of the country.
A. covered B. covered by C. covered with D. rushed away A

二、语法 + 常识
More and more factories pump CD2 into the air , and atmosphere across the world _______.
A. burns B. hot C. warm D. heats up D

三、四个答案对比
In Australia folds have covered an area the _______ of the whole of the Britain .
A. width B. large C. length D. size D

四、翻译:
◆The village of Yaluma __1__ in the mountains of Chipas , a province of Southern Mexica, __2__ people are many Indians.
1. A. lies B. place C. lays D. soon
2. A. Their B. It’s C.Its D. Its’
★Rock stars’ admirers (崇拜者)who love rock music ____1____ about billion dollars a year for records. They pay 150 million to ____2___ rock stars in person (亲自).
1. A. take B. cost C. waste D. spend
2. A. meet B. interview C. call D. see ACDD

五、连接词
★They are some of the poorest people in a poverty stricken country. ____ now they have an extra source of income (收入).
A. But B. And C. However D. Therefore
★Rock stars’ admirers (崇拜者)who love rock music spend about billion dollars a year for records. MR. In 1956, Mclean , ___1___ wrote and sang “American Pie” , ___2___ he earns an additional two cents on every single ___3___ of the song.
1. A. who B. he C. that D. as
2. A. and B. but C. so D. yet
3. A. copy B. record C. singing D. performance
★Many rock stars __1__ like Grace slick and Jefferson. Those performers return from a tour, pay their bells, and buy new toys. __2__ when they need money again , they do another tour. They save __3__ money and live from hand to mouth.
1. A. play B. live C. perform D. behave
2. A. But B. Then C. And D., So
3. A. no B. much C. some D. plenty
★English people seem very quiet ______ reserved (缄默的), usually.
A. though B.and C.even D. but
★It was just getting dark; there was a touch of fog and I was on a lonely stretch of road. _____ I was going along cheerfully.
A. But B. And C. Otherwise D. Yet
One evening Jackie was on his way home from the railway station. When he turned round a ___1____ he heard footsteps behind him and he thought ___2____ was coming near. He began to walk ____3___. The footsteps became faster, too. He slowed down. The footsteps also ____4____ down.
1. A. corner B. park C. street D. way
2. A. no one B. someone C. anyone D. everyone
3. A. slowly B. more slowly C. fast D. faster
4. A. put B. slowed C. became D. turned A ACB BBA B A ABDB
六、词组与翻译
★In 1990 , leader of all big nations met in Japan and agreed to reduce ___1____ CD2 they put into the atmosphere. Ten years ____2____, in Nov. 2000, they met again in Holland to assess ( 评估 ) the situation and decided what to do next.
1, A. many B. a number of C. the amount of D. a good many
2. A. after B. late C. later D. soon
★……. But I was going along cheerfully, thinking about the dinner I would eat when I ___36___ to Salisbury.
36. A. reached B. arrived C. got D. led CCC
七、比较四个答案,翻译文章
Projects (工程)____1___ this go over under the name of “ Carbon Trading”. The basic ___2___ is that governments and companies can buy the _____3___ to pump CD2 into the air by investing ( 投资 ) in green _____4____ that6 takes it out again.
1. A. as B. like C. the same as D. except
2. A. fact B. meanings C. idea D. things
3. A. forests B. projects C. right D. debt
4, A, projects B. plants C. materials D. trees BCCA
八、前提示
★Young people are spending unbelievable sums of money to listen to rock music. At least fifty _______ stars have incomes between two million and six million dollars per year.
A. film B. rock C. jazz D. movie
★Neil Young who performs ____1___ torn blue jeans, sometimes sings to an audience of 10,000,each of whom has paid five dollars for a ticket. ____2____ paying expenses, Young leaves with about $18,000 in his blue ____3____ at the end of an evening.
1. A. in B. with C. for D. on
2. A. Before B. Beside C. After D. Except
3. A. shirt B. trousers C. coat D. Jeans B ACD
九、抓住主要信息词(本文的主体---核心) ,比较四个答案,最后排除不可能的选项.
“It doesn’t _____1____,” said one of the older music millionaires, who made a million dollars a year when he was popular , in the 1950s. “performers aren’t worth this kind of money. In fact, ___2___is.”
A. make efforts B. make progress C. make sense D. make money
A. everybody B. nobody C. somebody D. anybody CB
十、形容词的选择（并列连词的作用）
★If we make a noise on the bus they look ______ and uncomfortable .
A. untouched B. worried C. moved D. excited
★Hellen was an old teacher with a warm smile and _________eyes.
A. bursting B. freezing C. friendly D. lively BC
十一、后暗示
In this __1__, professors always take every opportunity to push textbooks aside and expose students to real ___2__.
A. classroom B. means C. university D. hall
A. facts B. lessons C. adventures D. experiences
CD
十二、综合演示
Last Sunday I saw the worst storm in years. At first，the sky grew＿1＿＿＿all of a sudden. Within minutes，forks of lightening forced a way in the sky. Then it was＿＿2＿＿by the boom－boom－boom of＿＿3＿＿.A very strong wind blew into my room .My valuable notes＿＿4＿＿high into the air. I jumped up to＿＿5＿＿them but unluckily a few sheets＿＿6＿＿out of the open window. As I ran out to get the notes，big drops of rain began to＿＿7＿＿.As soon as I ran into the house，the＿＿8＿＿began to pour in waves. I＿＿9＿＿to close the windows. I did it but was wet all over .Then I heard a sudden loud＿＿10＿＿from the back of the house. A tree was broken.
 1.A.bright     B.grey      C.blue       D.dark
  2.A.followed   B.caused    C.made       D.brought
  3.A.rain       B.thunder   C.wind       D.storm
  4.A.threw      B.jumped    C.flew       D.rose
  5.A.take       B.catch     C.draw       D.stop
  6.A.moved      B.came      C.ran       D.sailed
  7.A.fall       B.rain     C.drop       D.burst
  8.A.storm      B.water     C.wind       D.rain
  9.A.walked     B.fought    C.went       D.got
 10.A.explosion B.scream    C.voice       D.sound ABCBDADBDD

策略与演练：
1、逻辑推理.
A friend of mine taking an advanced psychology ( 心理学 ) course spends every Saturday working with mentally ( 智力上 )_____46_____ children, which , though a little tiring, she found valuable ( 有价值的 ). Her ____47____ are spent playing with the kids and ____48_____ their sometimes uncontrolled (失控的) behavior. Then in he afternoon she writes a _____49____ on her observations ( 观察 ).
46. A. harmed B. hurt C. disabled D. excited
47. A. holidays B. mornings C. weekends D. experiments
48. A. helping B. preventing C. enjoying D. studying
49. A. story B. diary C. report D. note

Students generally appreciate ( 认可 ) these special _____50_____ opportunities (机会) . They are almost always fun and interesting , and professors ______51_____ them too because students learn so much in just a few short months.
50. A. working B, living C. teaching D. learning
51. A. hold B. like C. dislike D. discover

The ________ of the earth is made of a number of different plates.
A. outside B. inside C. surface D. water

2、关连词的重要性(特别是转折、并列….. )
No one denies (否认) the ____1____ of classroom learning. But it can only take the students this ____2_____. Slices (幻灯片 ) and textbooks may do a good job of carrying facts and details(细节) , but creativity ( 创造力 ) of thought cannot be ____3____. They can only be developed through _____4____ experience.
1. A. deed B. value C. effect D. success
2. A. far B. long C. way D. directi