中学英语五种重点时态讲解与练习.doc

五种重点时态
语法及练习1一般现一般现在时
一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍 　　
一般现在时的功能　　
1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。　　
2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。　　
3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。　　
一般现在时的构成　　
1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。　　
2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。　　
当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。　　
一般现在时的变化
1. be动词的变化。否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。　　
一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。如：-Are you a student? 　-Yes. I am. / No, I'm not. 　
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike? 　　
2.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。如：I don't like bread. 　　当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：He doesn't often play. 　
一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。
如：- Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 　　
当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。
如：- Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. 　　
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work?
一般现在时用法专练:
一、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.
2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.
3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.
4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.
5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?
6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?
7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?
8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.
9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.
10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.
11. Mike _______(like) cooking.
12. They _______(have) the same hobby.
13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.
14. You always _______(do) your homework well.
15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.
16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.
17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.
18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.
19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term.
20. －What day _______(be) it today? － It’s Saturday.
二、按照要求改写句子。
1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句) ___________________________________________________
2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) ________________________________________________________
3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答) ___________________________
4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) ___________________________________________________
5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句) _______________________________________________________
6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句) ___________________________________________________
语法及练习2 现在进行时
现在进行时
1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.
3．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。
4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。
5．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词不达意 + be + 主语 + 动词ing?
但疑问词当主语时其结构为： 疑问词不达意 + be + 动词ing?
动词加ing的变化规则
1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking
2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting
3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping
现在进行时专项练习：
一、写出下列动词的现在分词：
play________ run__________ swim _________ make__________ write________ see________ buy _________ get_________sit ________ begin________
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：
1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.
2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .
3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.
4. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .
5.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.
6.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .
7.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .

语法及练习3 将来时
将来时
一、概念：
表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。
二、基本结构：①be going to + do； ②will+ do.
三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。
例如：I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.
四、一般疑问句： be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。
例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. → Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?
五、对划线部分提问：一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。
1. 问人。Who 例如：I’m going to New York soon. →Who’s going to New York soon.
2. 问干什么。What … do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. →What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.
3. 问什么时候。When.例如：She’s going to go to bed at nine. →When is she going to bed? 六、同义句：be going to = will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.
用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. Today is a sunny day. We ___________________ (have) a picnic this afternoon.
2. My brother _______________ (go) to Shanghai next week.
3. Tom often ______________(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He ______________ (go) to school by bike.
4 What ___________ (d0) you do last Sunday? I ____________ (pick) apples on a farm.
What ______________ (do) next Sunday? I ______________ (milk) cows.
5. Mary ____________ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.
618. Liu Tao ____________ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.
7. I ________________ (plan) for my study now.

语法及练习4 一般过去时
一般过去时
1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。
2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：
⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasn’t）
⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren’t）
⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。
3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子
否定句：didn’t +动词原形，如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday.
一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如： What did Jim do yesterday?
⑵疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Who went to home yesterday?
动词过去式变化规则：
1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked
2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted
3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped
4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied
5．不规则动词过去式： am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat
过去时练习：写出下列动词的过去式
is\am_________ fly_______ make ________ does_________ dance________
worry________ ask _____ kick_________ pass_______ do ________
Be动词的过去时练习
一、用be动词的适当形式填空。
1. I ______ an English teacher now.
2. She _______ happy yesterday.
3. They _______ glad to see each other last month.
4. Helen and Nancy ________ good friends.
5. The little dog _____ two years old this year.
6. Look, there ________ lots of grapes here.
7. There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday.
8. Today _____ the second of June. Yesterday ______ the first of June. It _____ Children’s Day. All the students ______ very excited.
二、句型转换。
1. There was a car in front of the house just now.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
三、 中译英。
1．我的故事书刚才还在手表旁边。 ___________________________________________________________
2．他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里了。 ___________________________________________________________
3．一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。 ___________________________________________________________
行为动词的过去时练习
一、用be动词的适当形式填空。
1. I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.
2. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night.
3. We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park. (go)
4. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?
5. ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______.
6. Gao Shan _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.
7. I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother ______.
8. What ______ she _______ (find) in the garden last morning? She __________ (find) a beautiful butterfly.
二、句型转换。
1. They played football in the playground.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________

语法时态5：过去进行时：
过去进行时
一般
进行
完成
过去 did
Was/were doing
\
现在 do
Am/is/are doing
Have/has done
将来will/be going
\
\
1.定义：过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或者某一时间内正在进行或者持续的动作或状态。
2.结构：
肯定：was/were＋doing 否定：was/were not＋doing
疑问句：was/were＋主语＋doing
3.表示过去时间点的短语和结构
A.at＋时间点 at that time/at this time
B.when引导的时间状语从句
When＋短暂性动词（did）
4.表示过去时间段的短语和结构：
C.不算太长的时间段：last night 昨晚 yeaterday 昨天
From……to…… 从……到……（时候）
In the last few hours/minutes/days……
D.用when/while引导，动词时延续性的，时态也用进行时
When/while＋延续性动词/was/were＋doing
5.while还可以表示“然而”，进行对比
6.while＋am/is are doing 常规时间点/段，现在某个时间点/段

选择合适的答案：
( ) 1. What _____ your grandfather _____ this time yesterday ?
A. is ... doing B. was ... doing C. did .. do D. had ... done
( ) 2. ____ you ______ a meeting at four yesterday afternoon ?
A. Were ... having B. Was ... having C. Did ... have D. Do ... have
（ ）3. I called you yesterday evening ,but there was no answer.
-- Oh, I am sorry I _________ dinner at my friend’s home.
A．have B．had C．was having D．have had
( ) 4. A: Did you notice him come in?
No. I _____ a football game.
A. have watched B. had watched C. am watching D. was watching
( ) 5. You must tell us what you _______ at ten yesterday evening .
A. did B. was doing C. were done D. were doing
( ) 6. I ____ an old friend of mine when I ______ in the street yesterday afternoon.
A. met... was walking B. was meeting ... walked
C. was meeting ... was walking D. met ... walked
( ) 7. One day when I _______ the post office, I _____ my uncle.
A. pass... say B. was passing ... saw
( ) 8.She_________ apples in her garden when I_________ to see her yesterday.
A. picked，went B. was picking， went
C. picked，was going D. was picking，was going
( ) 9. She _____ the room when I went to see her .
A. doesn’t clean B. isn’t cleaning C. didn’t cleaning D. wasn’t cleaning
( ) 10. The Reads _______ lunch when I got to their house.
A . were having B. was having C. are having D. is having