TRIPS_与贸易有关的知识产权协定中英文对照.docx

TRIPS: TEXT OF THE AGREEMENT
Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of
Intellectual Property Rights

与贸易有关的知识产权协定

（ TRIPS协定是1994年4月15日在摩洛哥马拉喀什签署的《成立世界贸易组织马拉喀什协定》中的附件1C。）
The TRIPS Agreement is Annex 1C of the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization, signed in Marrakesh, Morocco on 15 April 1994.

与贸易有关的知识产权协定的前言
PREAMBLE to the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights

第一部分 总则和基本原则
PART I General Provisions and Basic Principles
第二部分 关于知识产权的效力、范畴和应用时的规范
PART II Standards Concerning the Availability, Scope and Use of Intellectual Property Rights
1. 著作权和相关的权利 Copyright and Related Rights
2. 商标 Trademarks
3. 地理标识 Geographical Indications
4. 工业品外观设计 Industrial Designs
5. 专利 Patents
6. 集成电路布局设计（拓扑图）
Layout-Designs (Topographies) of Integrated Circuits
7. 对未公开信息的保护 Protection of Undisclosed Information
8. 对许可契约中限制竞争行为的抑制
Control of Anti-Competitive Practices in Contractual Licences
第三部分 知识产权的实施
PART III Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights
1. 基本责任 General Obligations
2. 民事和行政程序及其救济措施
Civil and Administrative Procedures and Remedies
3. 临时措施 Provisional Measures
4. 与边境措施相关的专门要求Special Requirements Related to Border Measures
5. 刑事程序 Criminal Procedures
第四部分 知识产权的取得和维持以及当事人之间的相关程序
PART IV Acquisition and Maintenance of Intellectual Property Rights and Related
Inter-Partes Procedures
第五部分 争端的防止和解决 PART V Dispute Prevention and Settlement
第六部分 过渡性安排 PART VI Transitional Arrangements
第七部分 机构安排；最后条款 PART VII Institutional Arrangements; Final Provisions

全体成员，Members,
因渴望减少国际贸易中的被扭曲与障碍，认为必须提高知识产权有效和充分的保护，并应同时确保知识产权行施中的措施和程序其本身不成为合法贸易中的障碍；所以确认需要下列方面的新规则和自律准则：
Desiring to reduce distortions and impediments to international trade, and taking into account the need to promote effective and adequate protection of intellectual property rights, and to ensure that measures and procedures to enforce intellectual property rights do not themselves become barriers to legitimate trade; Recognizing, to this end, the need for new rules and disciplines concerning:
(a) 关于《1994年关贸总协定（GATT）》和有关国际知识产权协定或公约基本原则的应用；
the applicability of the basic principles of GATT 1994 and of relevant international
intellectual property agreements or conventions;
(b) 关于涉及贸易的知识产权的效力、范畴和应用的适用规范和原则性规定;
the provision of adequate standards and principles concerning the availability, scope
and use of trade-related intellectual property rights;
(c) 关于在考虑各国法律制度之间差异的前提下，实施涉及贸易的知识产权时有效与适宜方
式的规定；
the provision of effective and appropriate means for the enforcement of trade-related
intellectual property rights, taking into account differences in national legal systems;
(d) 关于多边参与防止和解决政府间争端的有效与迅速的反应程序的规定；以及
the provision of effective and expeditious procedures for the multilateral prevention
and settlement of disputes between governments; and
(e) 关于为充分分享国际谈判的成果所进行的过渡性安排；
transitional arrangements aiming at the fullest participation in the results of the
negotiations;
且确认，需要拥有一个关于处理国际贸易中假冒商品问题的原则、规则和纪律的多边框架；
Recognizing the need for a multilateral framework of principles, rules and disciplines dealing with international trade in counterfeit goods;
且确认，知识产权属于私权；
Recognizing that intellectual property rights are private rights;
且确认，知识产权国家保护制度中基本的政府政策目标，包括开发保护的目标和技术保护的目标；
Recognizing the underlying public policy objectives of national systems for the protection of intellectual property, including developmental and technological objectives;
且确认，最不发达国家成员国内法律法规实施时关于最高灵活性的特殊需求，从而使其在本协定实施时能具备健全可行的技术性基础；
Recognizing also the special needs of the least-developed country Members in respect of maximum flexibility in the domestic implementation of laws and regulations in order to enable them to create a sound and viable technological base;
需要强调，通过多边程序解决与贸易有关的知识产权争端，重视承诺，从而减少紧张关系的重要性；
Emphasizing the importance of reducing tensions by reaching strengthened commitments to resolve disputes on trade-related intellectual property issues through multilateral procedures;
期望在WTO与世界知识产权组织（ 本协定中简称“WIPO”）以及其他有关国际组织之间建立一种相互支持的关系；
Desiring to establish a mutually supportive relationship between the WTO and the World Intellectual Property Organization (referred to in this Agreement as “WIPO”) as well as other relevant international organizations;
    因此通过协定如下： Hereby agree as follows:

第一部分 总则和基本原则
Part I — General Provisions and Basic Principles
第1条 责任的性质和范围 Article 1 Nature and Scope of Obligations
1.  各成员均必须实行本协定中的规定，各成员可以但并无义务，在其法律中实施比本协定要求更广泛的保护，只要此种保护不违反本协定的规定。各成员有权在其各自的法律制度和实践中确定实施本协定规定的适当方法。
Members shall give effect to the provisions of this Agreement. Members may, but shall not be obliged to, implement in their law more extensive protection than is required by this Agreement, provided that such protection does not contravene the provisions of this Agreement. Members shall be free to determine the appropriate method of implementing the provisions of this Agreement within their own legal system and practice.
2.  在本协定中，“知识产权”一词系指属于本协定第二部分第1节至第7节中的所有类别的知识产权。
For the purposes of this Agreement, the term “intellectual property” refers to all categories of intellectual property that are the subject of Sections 1 through 7 of Part II.
3.  各成员应根据本协定的规定给予其他成员以国民待遇1本协定中所指的“国民”一词，对于WTO的单独关税区成员，指在该关税区内定居或拥有真实有效的工业或商业机构的自然人或法人。
。对于相应的知识产权，其他成员的国民被认为是符合《巴黎公约 (1967) 》、《伯尔尼公约(1971) 》、《罗马公约》和《关于集成电路的知识产权条约》中所规定的保护资格标准的自然人或法人，即WTO的所有成员似乎都已加入了这些公约2在本协定中，《巴黎公约》指《保护工业产权巴黎公约》；《巴黎公约》（1967）指1967年7月14日该公约的斯德哥尔摩文本。《伯尔尼公约》指《保护文学艺术作品伯尔尼公约》，《伯尔尼公约》（1971）指1971年3月24日该公约的巴黎文本。《罗马公约》指1961年10月26日在罗马通过的《保护表演者、录音制品制作者和广播组织的国际公约》。《关于集成电路的知识产权公约》（《IPIC条约》）指1983年5月26日在华盛顿通过的该条约。《WTO协定》指《建立世界组织协定》。
。任一运用了《罗马公约》第5条第3款或第6条第2款规定的可能性的成员，均应根据这些条款的预告，通知“与贸易有关的知识产权理事会（TRIPS理事会）”。
Members shall accord the treatment provided for in this Agreement to the nationals of other Members. 1 In respect of the relevant intellectual property right, the nationals of other Members shall be understood as those natural or legal persons that would meet the criteria for eligibility for protection provided for in the Paris Convention (1967), the Berne Convention (1971), the Rome Convention and the Treaty on Intellectual Property in Respect of Integrated Circuits, were all Members of the WTO members of those conventions. 2 Any Member availing itself of the possibilities provided in paragraph 3 of Article 5 or paragraph 2 of Article 6 of the Rome Convention shall make a notification as foreseen in those provisions to the Council for Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (the “Council for TRIPS”).
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1. 本协定中所指的“国民”，系指在作为WTO成员的单独关税区内定居或拥有实际和有效的工业或商业企业的自然人或法人。
When “nationals” are referred to in this Agreement, they shall be deemed, in the case of a separate customs territory Member of the WTO, to mean persons, natural or legal, who are domiciled or who have a real and effective industrial or commercial establishment in that customs territory. 

2. 在本协定中，《巴黎公约》系指《保护工业产权巴黎公约》 ；《巴黎公约（1967）》系指其为该公约1967年7月14日斯德哥尔摩的文本。《伯尔尼公约》系指《保护文学艺术作品伯尔尼公约》 ；《伯尔尼公约（1971）》系指其为该公约1971年3月24日巴黎的文本。《罗马公约》系指1961年10月26日在罗马通过的《保护表演者、录音制品制作者和广播组织的国际公约》。《关于集成电路的知识产权公约（IPIC条约）》系指1989年5月26日在华盛顿通过的关于集成电路的知识产权公约。《WTO协定》系指《建立世界贸易组织的协定》。
In this Agreement, “Paris Convention” refers to the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property; “Paris Convention (1967)” refers to the Stockholm Act of this Convention of 14 July 1967. “Berne Convention” refers to the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works; “Berne Convention (1971)” refers to the Paris Act of this Convention of 24 July 1971. “Rome Convention” refers to the International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, adopted at Rome on 26 October 1961. “Treaty on Intellectual Property in Respect of Integrated Circuits” (IPIC Treaty) refers to the Treaty on Intellectual Property in Respect of Integrated Circuits, adopted at Washington on 26 May 1989. “WTO Agreement” refers to the Agreement Establishing the WTO. 

第2条 关于知识产权的公约 Article 2 Intellectual Property Conventions
1. 各成员在履行本协定第 II部分、第III部分和第IV部分的规定时，还应遵守《巴黎公约（1967）》中第1条至第12条的规定以及第19条的规定。
In respect of Parts II, III and IV of this Agreement, Members shall comply with Articles 1 through 12, and Article 19, of the Paris Convention (1967).
2. 在本协定第 I部分至第IV部分中，没有任何内容能够减少各成员目前根据《巴黎公约》、《伯尔尼公约》、《罗马公约》和《关于集成电路的知识产权条约》规定可能必须相互承担的责任。
 Nothing in Parts I to IV of this Agreement shall derogate from existing obligations that Members may have to each other under the Paris Convention, the Berne Convention, the Rome Convention and the Treaty on Intellectual Property in Respect of Integrated Circuits.

第3条 关于国民待遇  Article 3 National Treatment
1.  在遵守《巴黎公约（1967）》、《伯尔尼公约（1971）》、《罗马公约》或《关于集成电路的知识产权条约》中所已经规定的免责条款的前提下，各成员在知识产权保护3在第3条和第4条中，“保护”一词应包括影响知识产权的效力、取得、范围、维持和实施的事项，以及本协定专门处理的影响知识产权的使用的事项。
方面，应当给予其他成员不低于本国国民待遇的国民待遇。对于演员、录音制品制作者和广播机构，各成员的这一义务仅适用于本协定规定中的权利。任何成员对于《伯尔尼公约（1971）》第6条或《罗马公约》第16条第1款（b）项所规定可能性的运用，均应按这些条款中规定的前瞻性要求，报告TRIPS理事会。
Each Member shall accord to the nationals of other Members treatment no less favourable than that it accords to its own nationals with regard to the protection (3) of intellectual property, subject to the exceptions already provided in, respectively, the Paris Convention (1967), the Berne Convention (1971), the Rome Convention or the Treaty on Intellectual Property in Respect of Integrated Circuits. In respect of performers, producers of phonograms and broadcasting organizations, this obligation only applies in respect of the rights provided under this Agreement. Any Member availing itself of the possibilities provided in Article 6 of the Berne Convention (1971) or paragraph 1(b) of Article 16 of the Rome Convention shall make a notification as foreseen in those provisions to the Council for TRIPS.
2.  各成员可应用本条第1款规定中允许的在司法和行政程序方面的例外，包括在一成员管辖范围内指定送达地址或委派代理人，但是这些例外应为保证遵守与本协定规定发生不相抵触的法律和法规所必需，且这种做法的实施下会对贸易构成变相限制。
Members may avail themselves of the exceptions permitted under paragraph 1 in relation to judicial and administrative procedures, including the designation of an address for service or the appointment of an agent within the jurisdiction of a Member, only where such exceptions are necessary to secure compliance with laws and regulations which are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Agreement and where such practices are not applied in a manner which would constitute a disguised restriction on trade.
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3 在第3条和第4条中，“保护”一词应包括影响知识产权的效力、取得、范围、维持和实施的事项，以及本协定专门处理的影响知识产权的使用的事项。
For the purposes of Articles 3 and 4, “protection” shall include matters affecting the availability, acquisition, scope, maintenance and enforcement of intellectual property rights as well as those matters affecting the use of intellectual property rights specifically addressed in this Agreement.

第4条 最惠国待遇 Article 4 Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment
对于知识产权保护，一成员对任何其他国家国民给予的任何利益、优惠、特权或豁免，应立即无条件地给予所有其他成员的国民。一成员给予的属下列情况的任何利益、优惠、特权或豁免，免除此义务：
With regard to the protection of intellectual property, any advantage, favour, privilege or immunity granted by a Member to the nationals of any other country shall be accorded immediately and unconditionally to the nationals of all other Members. Exempted from this obligation are any advantage, favour, privilege or immunity accorded by a Member:
(a) 自一般性的、并非专门限于知识产权保护的关于司法协助或法律实施的国际协定所
派生；
   deriving from international agreements on judicial assistance or law enforcement of a general nature and not particularly confined to the protection of intellectual property;
(b) 依照《伯尔尼公约（1971）》或《罗马公约》的规定所给予，此类规定允许所给予的
待遇不属国民待遇性质而属在另一国中给予待遇的性质；
   granted in accordance with the provisions of the Berne Convention (1971) or the Rome
Convention authorizing that the treatment accorded be a function not of national
treatment but of the treatment accorded in another country;
 (c)  关于本协定项下未作规定的有关表演者、录音制品制作者以及广播组织的权利；
  in respect of the rights of performers, producers of phonograms and broadcasting
organizations not provided under this Agreement;
 (d)  自《WTO协定》生效之前已生效的有关知识产权保护的国际协定所派生，只要此
类协定向TRIPS理事会做出通知，并对其他成员的国民不构成任意的或不合理的歧视。
          deriving from international agreements related to the protection of intellectual property which
entered into force prior to the entry into force of the WTO Agreement, provided that such
agreements are notified to the Council for TRIPS and do not constitute an arbitrary or unjustifiable
discrimination against nationals of other Members.

第5条 关于取得或维持保护的多边协定
Article 5 Multilateral Agreements on Acquisition or Maintenance of Protection
第3条和第4条中的责任，不适用于WIPO主持下订立的知识产权获取或维护的多边协定中规定的程序。
The obligations under Articles 3 and 4 do not apply to procedures provided in multilateral agreements concluded under the auspices of WIPO relating to the acquisition or maintenance of intellectual property rights.

第6条 关于权利用尽 Article 6 Exhaustion
在根据本协定第3条规定和第4条规定解决贸易争端时，本协定中的任何规定不得用于解决知识产权权利用尽的问题。
For the purposes of dispute settlement under this Agreement, subject to the provisions of Articles 3 and 4 nothing in this Agreement shall be used to address the issue of the exhaustion of intellectual property rights.

第7条 目标 Article 7 Objectives
保护和实施知识产权，促进技术的革新以及技术的转让和传播，以有利于社会和经济福祉的方式促进技术知识创造者和使用者的双赢，和达到权利与义务的平衡。
The protection and enforcement of intellectual property rights should contribute to the promotion of technological innovation and to the transfer and dissemination of technology, to the mutual advantage of producers and users of technological knowledge and in a manner conducive to social and economic welfare, and to a balance of rights and obligations.

第8 条 法则 Article 8 Principles
1.  各成员在制定或修订其法律法规时，可采纳必要的措施，以保障公众的健康和营养，和提高对其社会经济发展和技术发展至关重要领域的公共利益，只要这些措施符合本协定中的规定。
Members may, in formulating or amending their laws and regulations, adopt measures necessary to protect public health and nutrition, and to promote the public interest in sectors of vital importance to their socio-economic and technological development, provided that such measures are consistent with the provisions of this Agreement.
2.  只要符合本协定中的规定，可采取适当的措施，防止知识产权权利持有人滥用知识产权和不合理地限制贸易或对技术的国际转让造成不利影响的行为。
Appropriate measures, provided that they are consistent with the provisions of this Agreement, may be needed to prevent the abuse of intellectual property rights by right holders or the resort to practices which unreasonably restrain trade or adversely affect the international transfer of technology.

第二部分 关于知识产权的效力、范围和使用时的规范
PART II Standards Concerning the Availability, Scope and Use of Intellectual Property Rights

第1节：著作权和相关权利 SECTION 1: COPYRIGHT AND RELATED RIGHT
第9条 与《伯尔尼公约》的关系 Article 9 Relation t