黄金卷04-备战2023年高考英语模拟卷(广东、山东卷)(原卷版).docx

【赢在高考·黄金8卷】备战2023年高考英语模拟卷（山东、广东卷）
黄金卷04
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
A special place to stay can make a holiday — but also break the bank. We have picked new affordable places across Europe for €150 a room a night or less.
Scourie Hotel
Doubles from €129
Opened October 2015
This hotel has been adored by fishing fans for generations. When the Campbell family bought it six years ago, they updated it with gentle, stylish furnishings. There’s a string of spectacular beaches to discover, including the Scourie Bay with golden sand.
Ho36 Hotel
Doubles from €109
Opened December 2017
This hotel offers the rarest of things — ski accommodation that is both affordable and stylish. Guests can ski or snowboard from the front door. There are two lively bars with live music and regular DJ nights, a restaurant serving hearty Alpine meals and film nights.
Conscious Hotel
Doubles from €120
Opened April 2016
This fourth hotel by Dutch sustainable brand Conscious is the first powered entirely by wind. The restaurant is fully organic and the bedrooms simple with contemporary elements. The hotel overlooks the Westerpark, one of Amsterdam’s biggest green spaces.
Dock Hotel
Doubles from €150
Opened May 2014
This large hotel on the Baltic coast is made from shipping containers. The industrial theme continues inside, with concrete walls, exposed pipes, and more containers. The hotel is 12 minutes’ walk from the beach.
1. Which hotel best suits people who enjoy an active social life?
A. Scourie Hotel.
B. Ho36 Hotel.
C. Conscious Hotel.
D. Dock Hotel.
2. What is special about Conscious Hotel?
A. It is old-fashioned.
B. It has the longest history.
C. It is environment-friendly.
D. It offers the biggest green space.
3. What can the guests of Scourie Hotel and Dock Hotel do?
A. Update the furniture.
B. Walk on the beach.
C. Appreciate architecture.
D. Visit industrial fairs.

B
I can't stop thinking about the video of a 10-ycar-old girl facing her fears at the top of a ski jump. Her fear, her courage, her joy, her pride-the whole thing has really struck a chord (触动心弦) in me. Of course, the video makes me reflect on the times when I experienced the similar feelings. I remember how in those moments every cell in my body vibrated (颤动) with life. But it also reminded me of the times I didn't choose the more risky options.
I've always been a little bit of a chicken when it comes to my physical safety but I definitely pushed myself more when I was younger. Now that I'm a mom, I feel like I have to stay safe. I worry about what my kids would do without me and that leads me to make safe choices.
But as I watch this fourth grader overcome her fears, I think about how much this experience will mean to her in the future; she'll always have this as a reference point when she comes up against something scary or difficult. She'll be able to look back on this and say, “Well, I did that and the worst part was the bad feeling at the beginning.”
I know I want that view for my 8-year-old daughter and 5-year-old son. I know I want them to take risks. Maybe not every day, maybe not ski-jumping, definitely not extreme sports, but I deeply hope that they will push themselves to their limits, facing down fear with whatever tools they can use and enjoying the great rush that comes from attempting scary things and getting to the other side of them.
So if I want that for my kids, I have to honestly look at my own relationship with risk and say that yes... I play it safe. And I have to ask myself another question: Am I doing enough? Or do I need to make some changes in-my life so that my daughter and son can be inspired to make their own brave decisions?
4. How did the author react when watching that video?
A. She felt ashamed of herself. B. She realized that sport was dangerous.
C. She thought of her own past experiences. D. She regretted taking part in some risky activities.
5. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 most probably refer to?
A. Making safe choices is important. B. Taking a risk isn't as scary as it seems.
C. Taking a risk can make you feel bad. D. Overcoming fears requires a long time.
6. The author most probably thinks that she should ___________.
A. let her kids play with the girl in the video.
B. certainly allow her kids to try ski-jumping.
C. use some tools to practice her kids' courage.
D. participate in more risky activities to set an example.
7. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Pushing ourselves to our limits B. Paying attention to kids' activities
C. Learning a kind of risky activity D. Encouraging kids to choose what they like

C
It’s peak cold and flu season, which means taking a lot of preventative measures. Frequent hand-washing is a must. As is avoiding co-workers or friends who are sick. But we humans are not the only animals that change behavior to keep diseases at bay. So do ants.
“So there are the foragers and the nurses — it’s two different groups of work,” said Natha of the University of Lausanne. She and her colleagues observed ants to see their reaction to the presence of a disease.
“The nurses being made of young workers typically, stay inside the nest and take care of the eggs. And the foragers are all the workers spending most of time at outside of the nest to collect food and defend the territory.”
Forager ants are at greater risk of getting exposed to diseases because they leave the safety of the nest. So the researchers sprayed a common virus on a small group of forager ants and then followed their movements to see the way other ants reacted.
“We marked all ants in the colony with individual labels, which carries these two-dimensional bar code marks like QR code which is automatically detected and recorded using a tracking system.”
After the infection, the nurse and forager ants stayed within their working places and interacted less outside of their work group. The researchers also saw that forager ants spent more time outside of the nest. “They increase that amount by 15 percent, so by quite a long large amount.”
Isolating behavior stops the spread of the virus. “Something that’s quite interesting in these ants that’s been shown by the study is that in their ability to avoid infecting other members of the community, ants may be more advanced than we are,” Natha said.
8. How did the researchers track the infected ants?
A. They labeled the movements of infected ants.
B. They used the QR codes to follow the ants’ movements.
C. They had some nurse and forager ants infected with the virus.
D. They applied a tracking technology to record the ants’ movements.
9. How did the ants act after being infected?
A. Forager ants stayed inside the nest more.
B. Infected ants tended to stay away from healthy ants.
C. The nurses stayed inside the nest, working as usual.
D. Forager ants, together with coworkers, stayed outside more.
10. What’s Natha’s attitude toward ants’ behaviors?
A. Doubtful. B. Objective. C. Appreciative. D. Conservative.
11. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. How ants keep diseases at bay in the nest.
B. Ants change movements to fight against diseases.
C. The measures all the ants take to prevent diseases.
D. Similarities between human and ants in controlling diseases.

D
Unlike human students, computers don't seem to get bored or frustrated when a lesson is too easy or too hard. But just like humans, they do better when a lesson plan is just right for their level of skill. Coming up with the right curriculum isn't easy, though, so computer scientists wondered what if they could make machines design their own?
That's what researchers have done in several new studies to create artificial intelligence (AI) that can figure out how best to teach itself. The work could speed learning in self-driving cars and household robots, and it might even help handle previously unsolvable math problems. In one of the new experiments, an Al program tries to quickly reach a destination by navigating a 2D grid (网格) populated with solid blocks. The"agent" improves its abilities through a process called reinforcement learning, a kind of trial and error.
To help it navigate increasingly complex worlds, the researchers considered two ways in which it could draw the maps. One method randomly distributed blocks; with it, the Al didn't learn much. Another method remembered what the AI had struggled with in the past, and maximized difficulty accordingly. But that made the worlds too hard and sometimes even impossible to complete.
So the scientists created a setting, using a new approach they called PAIRED. First, they coupled their Al with a nearly identical one, which they called the antagonist (敌手). Then, they had a third AI design the world that was easy for the antagonist-but hard for the original protagonist (主角). That kept the tasks just at the edge of the protagonist's ability to solve. The designer used a neural network to learn its task over many trials. After training, the protagonist solved the problems offered to it successfully. The PAIRED approach is a clever way to get Al to learn, says Bart Selman, a computer scientist at Cornell University and president of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence.
12. Which of the following is a problem for computer scientists?
A. Designing a suitable lesson plan for computers.
B. Asking human students to be active in a lesson.
C. Helping students to work out their owe curriculum.
D. Improving human students' computer skills quickly.
13. What did the two ways used by the researchers have in common?
A. They were practical for the Al research. B. They both had their own weakness.
C. They were too hard for the AI to teach itself. D. They both made the AI struggle with the past.
14. What does Bart Selman think of the PAIRED approach?
A. Difficult B. Simple. C. Promising D. Useless
15. What is the best title for the text?
A. The Application of Artificial Intelligence.
B. The Impact of Artificial Intelligence.
C. Artificial Intelligence Researches Navigation for Self-driving.
D. Artificial Intelligence Designs Lesson Plans for Itself.

第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
"Don't take many English courses; they won't help you get a decent job." "Sign up for management classes, so you'll be ready to join the family business when you graduate." Many of us have heard suggestions like these put forward by parents or others close to us.____16____
The answer is yes. Such comments often seem quite reasonable. However, with regard to finding a correct path of career, it relates to decisions you should make.____17____
One of the worst reasons to follow a particular path in life is that other people want you to. Decisions that affect your life should be your decisions — decisions you make after you've considered various alternatives and chosen the path that suits you best.
____18____For instance, your parents do have their own unique experiences that may make their advice helpful, and having participated in a great deal of your personal history, they may have a clear view of your strengths and weaknesses.____19____They may still see you as a child, in need of care and protection. Or they may see only your strengths. Or, in some unfortunate cases, they may focus only on your flaws and shortcomings.
For the whole life, we are always in the wandering and hesitation.____20____Unless you've already determined to be their faithful audience, you shouldn't worry too much about letting others control your actions. Ultimately, though, you can assure that your own judgments will lead your way.
A. Should we follow the path that they choose for us?
B. You are the one who must live with their consequences.
C. Should suggestions like these be taken with caution?
D. A person's journey through life might be seen as a series of decisions.
E. Making your own decisions does not mean that you should ignore the suggestions of others.
F. People will always be giving you advice on your path.
G. Still, their views are not necessarily accurate.

第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1.分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Ever since I was a boy, I’ve been a penny picker. Back then a penny was still worth a penny. If you ___21___to find two then you could buy a big piece of gum. So each penny back then was a little ___22___. Later I heard the saying that pennies are also ___23___from the Heaven that you are watched over from above. It said that they were little ___24___from passed loved ones set in our ___25___to remind us of their love.
I ___26___thought much about this until the winter of my 25th year. That was the year when my Mom___27___. After watching her last breath, my ___28___weighed on me like a stone. How I ___29___for just one more hug, one more “I love you” from my Mom. When I stopped at a ____30____station to fill my car’s tank, I saw a new penny on some dirty snow. I remembered the old saying. I smiled, ____31____, and picked it up.____32____, I felt a wave of love enter my heart.
Since that day 30 years ago, I have found at least a thousand pennies. They come to me everywhere and at all times, lifting my spirits on a ____33____day. They always remind me that I am ____34____. You are loved so let this love live in you. Share your own love as well. And don’t forget to ____35____whenever you pick up a penny.
21. A. managed B. meant C. failed D. declined
22. A. pose B. treasure C. crime D. fashion
23. A. barriers B. comforts C. antiques D. reminders
24. A. devices B. tests C. tricks D. gifts
25. A. career B. system C. path D. program
26. A. never B. ever C. often D. even
27. A. returned B. recovered C. retired D. died
28. A. disappointment B. sadness C. budget D. poverty
29. A. accounted B. answered C. allowed D. longed
30. A. subway B. coach C. gas D. radio
31. A. bent down B. cleaned up C. gave away D. turned in
32. A. Hopefully B. Therefore C. Suddenly D. Moreover
33. A. usual B. down C. sunny D. calm
34. A. limited B. measured C. loved D. shaped
35. A. smile B. photograph C. seek D. donate

第二节（共10小题：每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese workers once demonstrated their great efficiency in 2018. ___36___ (incredible), around 1,500 workers spent just nine hours ___37___(complete) the construction of a new train station in Fujian Province, southern China. Seven trains and 23 diggers were used ___38___(assist) the massive project.
A video ___39___(release) on the Internet showed how the construction workers connected three major railroads with the new Nanlong Railway. They also set up the traffic signals and ___40___ series of