八年级英语译林版Lesson Four Beach Park School.doc

Lesson Four Beach Park School
A.词汇
1.friendly adj. 友好的,亲切的。如：
be friendly with sb. 对某人友好；a friendly smile 一个亲切的微笑
The children here are quite friendly with one another. 这里的孩子互相都很友好。
friend n.a friend of mine 我的一个朋友；make friends with sb.和某人交朋友
A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难之中见真情。
He is going to make a lot of friends in the new school. 他将在新学校里交许多朋友。
2.thousand.num. n./adj. 千,无数的(成千上万的)。如：
two thousand students 两千个学生
thousands of students 许许多多(成千上万)个学生
I can give you a thousand reasons for not going.我可以给你一千条不去的理由。
There are thousands of students in the hall.礼堂里有许许多多的学生。
类似的词还有：hundred、million (百万),
thousand 前有具体数量用单数,无数量用复数,后面必须加of。
3.foot n. 脚；复数 feet；on foot 步行。如：
We walk with our feet.我们用脚走路。
I go to school on foot every day.我每天步行上学。foot不能用复数
=I walk to school every day.
walk是动词,可作谓语,on foot是介词短语,不作谓语,类似的有by plane与fly,by bus与 take a bus。
Will you go there by plane?= Will you fly there?
4.hard adj.难的；adv. 努力地、猛烈地。如：
It's hard to say. 这很难说。
He works hard at his lessons. 他努力学习他的各门功课。
The boy thinks hard and gets an idea.这个孩子仔细考虑,想出一个办法。
It's raining hard.You'd better stay at home.雨下得很大,你最好别出去。
5.hope　n.&v. 希望。如：
without hope没有希望
They have the hope of winning the game.他们有希望赢得比赛。
I hope to see you soon.我希望早日见到你。
可以说hope to do sth.,不可以说hope sb. to do sth.
We hope that you're all well.我们希望你们都好。
—Will it rain tomorrow?明天会下雨吗？
—I hope not/so.希望别下雨/下雨。
6.past n.昔日、往时；prep.在……之后；adv.过,越过。如:
We swam in the river in the past.我们过去曾在这河里游泳。
We usually have lunch at half past eleven.我们常在中午十一点半吃午饭。
He walks past me quickly.他快速从我身边走过。
在时间的读法上,整点到三十分钟(含三十)用past,超过三十分钟到下个整点用to。(转换成几点差几分)。如：
11:29 读作twenty-nine past eleven 11:31读作twenty-nine to twelve(12点差29分钟)
B.短语
1.work/study hard at their lessons努力学习他们的功课。如：
All the students work hard at their lessons.所有的学生都努力学习他们的功课。
My friend Tom studies his lessons hard.我的朋友汤姆努力学习他的功课。
但My friend Tom works his lessons hard.是错的。因为 work是不及物动词。
2.arrive in与arrive at 到达。如：
They will arrive in New York at noon.他们中午到达纽约。
We arrived at the station five minutes late.我们晚到达车站五分钟。
arrive in +大地方；arrive at +小地方
They arrived home very late last night.他们昨天晚上到家很晚了。
home为副词前无须加介词
When will they arrive?他们何时到达？ arrive后无宾语故无介词
3.on top of与at the top of
top adj.顶端的、最高的,a top student 一个优秀生,top jobs 最好的工作
top n. on top of在……的顶端,通常顶端是一个平面,不用冠词the。
There is a hotel on top of the hill.山顶上有一个旅馆。
at the top of在…的表面顶端,必须用冠词the。
The water is warm at the top of the sea.海面的水比较暖和。
4.decide (not) to do sth.决定 (不)做……如：
He decides to work hard and study English well.他决心努力学习把英语学好。
We decide not to tell him the bad news.我们决定不把这坏消息告诉他。
decide to do sth.= make up one's mind to do sth.
He makes up his mind to take the dog with him.他决定把狗带上。
be happy to do sth.高兴做……
I am happy to be of service to you.我愿意为你效劳。
She is happy to stay with us.她很高兴和我们呆在一起。
5.be happy to do = be glad to do。如：
He is glad to help me with my English.她很愿意帮助我学习英语。
happily adv. 幸福地 happiness n.幸福
6.stay up late 熬夜 类似的短语为go to bed late,work /study far into the night如：
Don't stay up late again.It's bad for your health.不要再熬夜了,对你的健康不利。
Will you stay up late tonight? 今晚你打算熬夜吗？
C.交际用语及句型
1.I have no idea. 我不知道。相当于I don't know.如：
—How much is the flower?这花多少钱？
—I have no idea.我不知道。
She has no idea of what he did last night.她不知道昨天晚上他做了什么。
idea主意、观点、意思
—Shall we go skating this weekend?这个周末去溜冰好吗？
—Good idea.好主意。
What's your idea?你的意思如何？
What's the main idea of the passage?这段文章的中心思想是什么？
2.You'd better ask Mrs.White.你最好问一下怀特夫人。
had better (not)do sth.最好(别)做某事。此结构没有人称和数的变化
We'd better stay at home because of SARS.因为“非典”我们最好呆在家里。
You'd better not talk in class.课上最好别说话。
He'd better go and have a talk with his friend.他最好去和他朋友交流一下。
D.语法
1.一般将来时
肯定句： will+动词原形
否定句： will not+动词原形
一般疑问句： will+主语+动词原形
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+will+主语+动词原形
在口语中,will常缩写成 “‘ll”(we'll),will not常缩写成won't。
2.时间的读法。如：
6:30:half past six 11:50:ten to twelve 2:00:two o'clock 5:20:twenty past five 6:08:eight (minutes)past six
不能被5整除的分钟,读时最好加minute。