东北四市一模试题2022年高三英语第一学期期末综合测试试题含解析.doc

2022-2023高三上英语期末模拟试卷
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第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
1．That children ______meet with setbacks is a matter of necessity as they_____, so parents don’t worry about that.
A．shall; grew up B．must； grew up C．can; grow up D．will; grow up
2．—Mum, I am worrying about my pet dog while we are away.
—Boy, you ________. Our neighbor has offered to help us.
A．can’t B．wouldn’t C．needn’t D．mustn’t
3．It rained this morning, _____ actually didn’t bother me because I like walking in the rain.
A．what B．when
C．where D．which
4．—He is good at a lot of things but it doesn’t mean he is perfect.
— ___________ Actually no one is.
A．What’s going on? B．Let’s get going.
C．Thank goodness. D．I’m with you on that.
5．How did it come about ________ a quiet person should appear so wild today?
A．whether B．that C．if D．what
6．Try to be independent, for your parents can't do ________ for you all your life.
A．something B．nothing
C．everything D．anything
7．--- You look happy today. Is there anything good?
--- I’m very delighted ______ as one of the exchange students.
A．to choose B．to have been chosen
C．choosing D．having been chosen
8．—— Congratulations on your promotion. Go out for dinner, OK?
—— Good! __________, just you and me.
A．Follow me B．My treat
C．My pleasure D．Allow me
9．It is a foolish act to________ notes during a test as you will be severely punished.
A．stick to B．refer to C．keep to D．point to
10．--- How about ______ plan to open a branch?
--- I should say it was ______ failure.
A．a; a B．a; / C．the; / D．the; a
11．--- Do you know what Tom does all day ?
---- I know he spends at least as much time watching TV as he ____________his lessons.
A．is doing B．does C．spends to do D．does doing
12．Thanks for your useful advice; otherwise I ______ such rapid progress.
A．didn’t make B．couldn’t have made
C．hadn’t made D．shouldn’t have made
13．The auto factory ______ new profit records through technical innovation — 10% growth rate in the last two years and hopefully 15% this year.
A．set B．has set
C．is setting D．has been setting
14．—Iris is always kind and ________ to the suffering of others.
—No wonder she chooses to be a relief worker.
A．allergic B．immune
C．relevant D．sensitive
15．___________the effect of culture shock, he is trying to read a lot about it before going to France for further study.
A．To reduce B．Reduced
C．Reducing D．Having reduced
16．____ clear goals, we become strangely loyal to performing daily doings until we become slaves of them.
A．On top of B．In the silence of
C．On account of D．In the absence of
17．________ you have seen he is poor, you should understand why he has to take up two part-time jobs.
A．As long as B．Unless
C．Now that D．While
18．Upon entering a “new era”, what we now face is the _______ between unbalanced and inadequate development and the people’s ever-growing needs for a better life.
A．administration B．violation C．contradiction D．presentation
19．The real winners in sport are those who know how to persevere and to behave with ________—whether they win or lose a game.
A．certainty B．caution
C．dignity D．independence
20．— Helen,are you going Io the airport to pick up Jack the day after tomorrow?
— ________ tomorrow night.I would go.
A．Were he to come back B．If he was about to come back
C．Had he come back D．If he would come back
第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
21．（6分）From the moment you open your eyes in the morning, you can feel sweat running down your body, even if you're barely moving at all. That's what most people in China felt like this
summer. In fact, the entire northern hemisphere(半球 )saw high temperatures in July.
The Arctic Circle was no exception(例外). Temperatures in the city of Norilsk, which is in the Arctic Circle, reached a record high of 32 ℃, The Atlantic reported. Temperatures there are usually just 10 ℃at this time of the year.
The heat wave in the Arctic is mainly a long-term result of global warming, according to the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences. In fact, while the whole world is getting warmer, the Arctic is warming twice as fast as the rest of the planet. This is called the polar amplification effect（极地放大效应）.
The most direct impact of Arctic warming is the melting of Arctic ice. According to NASA, Arctic sea ice is now disappearing at a rate of 13.2 percent every 10 years. NASA said that if this continues, the Arctic will have no ice by the year 2040.
This has put some Arctic animals, like polar bears, in danger. The ice that the bears live on has shrunk(缩小), the Toronto Star reported.
Melting ice can also cause sea levels to rise in the long term. Since 1993, sea levels have risen at a rate of 3.2 cm every 10 years, the Guardian reported. Some countries, such as Tuvalu（图瓦鲁） in the South Pacific Ocean and Maldives（马尔代夫） in the Indian Ocean, are at risk of disappearing into the sea
1、Which of the following is true?
A．Some countries in the ocean will disappear in 10 years
B．China is the hottest in the northern hemisphere this summer
C．The temperatures in Norilsk used to be lower than this summer.
D．The world gets warmer because of the heat wave in the Arctic
2、What does the underlined word "this" in the third paragraph refer to?
A．The heat wave in the Arctic B．The result of global warming
C．Getting warmer in the world D．The Arctic getting warm faster
3、What may be the result of the melting of Arctic ice?
A．The polar will become dangerous B．Sea levels rise in the long term
C．There will be an end of water shortage D．There will be no ice in the world by 2040
4、What is the main idea of this passage?
A．Heat hits Arctic
B．Arctic animals are in danger.
C．The world became hotter than before
D．Some countries may disappear into the sea
22．（8分）JOHANNESBURG—They say cats have nine lives. Now a Chinese toad(蟾蜍) has joined that club of clever survivors.
South Africans are shocked at the endurance of a toad that got trapped in a cargo shipment from China to Cape Town, after jumping into a porcelain candlestick(烛台) that was made there. South African officials reportedly planned to put down the creature, fearing it would cause harm as an invasive species if it were let go in the wild.
But the toad got a last-minute pardon. Mango Airlines, a South African airline, transported the toad on Friday to Johannesburg for delivery to an animal shelter, after officials decided to find a way to let the toad live. The two-hour flight was a breeze compared to the trip from China, a long way of many weeks and thousands of kilometers across the Indian Ocean.
Airline spokesman Hein Kaiser said the toad got “first-class treatment”, sitting in a transparent plastic container with escort Brett Glasby, an animal welfare inspector. There was even a ceremony, in which the toad’s boarding pass was handed to Glasby.
“He was the star of the show on the flight,” Kaiser said of the amphibious(两栖的) passenger. “I think every passenger stopped to have a look.”
On landing in Johannesburg, the toad was brought out of its container for a celebrity-style photo shoot. Observers said the brown toad seemed like a cool customer. It belongs to the Asian Toad species, which breeds during the monsoon(季风) season. It is believed to have survived the trip from China by hardening its skin to prevent it from drying out, and also by slowing its breathing and heart rate—methods that help the species survive in times of drought.
“We’ve had snakes in imported timber and scorpions(蝎子) in fruit. We were called because the toad was right inside the candlestick, and we had to break it to get it out” Glasby, the inspector, told The Star, a South African newspaper.
1、What is the passage mainly about?
A． Asian toads can’t get used to the life in South Africa.
B． South Africa ignores the protection of animals.
C． An Asian toad gets a new home in South Africa.
D． Workers shipped a toad to South Africa on purpose.
2、If the toad is released into the wild, ________.
A． it will make the locals feel shocked
B． it will lose its life in the wild
C． it might flee into another country
D． it might harm the native species
3、The toad was able to arrive in South Africa alive ________.
A． because it formed hard skin to protect itself
B． because it escaped all attacks and hunts
C． because it used to stop its breath in winter
D． because it was lucky to be given a chance
4、It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A． a candlestick is the best place for a toad
B． droughts make toads live longer
C． sometimes animals are transported accidentally
D． no one has seen such a big toad in Africa
23．（8分） That competition keeps prices down is well known. But it is hard to measure by just how much, because prices vary for all sorts of reasons, from differences in labour costs and rents to taxes. Rising to the challenge is a new paper in The Economic Journal by Giacomo Calzolari, Andrea Ichino, Francesco Manaresi and Viki Nellas, economists at the European University Institute, Bologna University and the Italian central bank. They looked at pharmacies(药房) and specifically at customers who may be particularly easy to rip off: new parents.
Using data for 2007 to 2010 covering about a fifth of pharmacies in Italy, the researchers measured the way in which prices of hygiene products for babies changed as the number of babies varied. They took advantage of a peculiar law from the 1960s, according to which regions with at most 7,500 people are allowed just one pharmacy (supposedly to keep the quality of services high). They compared prices in places with populations just below this threshold, and just above.
The products studied included some 3,000 varieties of shampoos, bath foams, baby wipes, creams and so on. Many are also used by adults on themselves. Some people, for example, prefer sun-cream labeled “for children” because of its high level of protection. When raising prices for these products, even a pharmacist with a monopoly(垄断) must consider the risk that adult users will switch to products that are not aimed at children. But a rise in the number of babies, and hence buyers who are parents, could tip the scales towards price increases. By contrast, the pharmacist should already be charging as much as parents are willing to pay for products without adult users, such as nappies.
The scholars found that pharmacists raised prices when there were more new parents----but only in regions with a single pharmacy, and not for nappies. In monopoly areas a doubling of the number of babies from one month to the next (not unusual in a small population) coincided with a 5% increase in the price of the basket of baby-hygiene products.
The study is timely. Italy’s government has started to loosen some of the many restrictions that stop competition in the pharmacy sector (though not yet the one that the researchers relied on). But such regulations are plentiful in many other lines of business, and not just in Italy. The consumers who pay the price are often those who find it hardest to travel to shop around----for example, people with crying babies on their hands.
1、What’s the purpose of the study?
A．To review the function of the special law for pharmacies.
B．To make clear the relation between competition and prices.
C．To collect the information on pharmacy business in Italy.
D．To gather the data on hygiene products for babies in Italy.
2、“tip the scales” in Paragraph 3 means “_____”.
A．Push the move B．Keep the level
C．Control the rise D．Break the balance
3、The government’s new measures will greatly benefit _____.
A．pharmacy owners B．local merchants
C．new parents D．adult users
24．（8分）In every significant relationship, there comes a time when you have to ask the tough questions: what’s the deal with the mysterious fifth pocket on our favorite jeans?
To find out, we called in the experts: Korie Lovette and John Cunningham ,two merchandise mangers for Wrangler jeans. “The fifth pocket was introduced in the 1800s as a protective sleeve for cowboys’ pocket watches,” Lovette told TODAY Style. “Although the pocket is rarely used for watches today, standard jeans are still being produced in a way that can accommodate a size 2 pocket watch.”
We haven’t seen a pocket watch since the last time we watched “Castaway” , but Cunningham insists that the pocket has plenty of modern uses. “Today, men use them for pocket knives or loose change, while women might use it to hold lipstick,” he said. “Over the past couple years, it has become an increasingly popular spot to store technology devices such as cell phones or iPods.”
And then, of course, there is the issue of aesthetic(美感). “A classic pair of jeans would look incomplete without the fifth pocket,” Cunningham explained. “It’s a tradition; an authentic construction of the jean. It was product innovation before that was a famous item. We keep the fifth pocket for the typical completeness of our jeans.”
That said, there are times when it makes sense to break with tradition for a more pleasing fit. “When Wrangler determines whether to include the fifth pocket or not, we look at the overall aesthetic of the figure,” said Lovette. “For women’s skinny jeans or leggings, we usually don’t include a fifth picket since the consumer will most likely be wearing a blouse that will cover the pocket.”
1、The original use of the fifth pocket is to ___________.
A．hold pocket knives B．carry cowboys’ money
C．make the jeans more beautiful D．protect cowboys’ pocket watches
2、What can we infer from the text?
A．Women usually like the fifth pocket on their jeans
B．Wrangler has some kinds of jeans without the fifth pocket
C．The fifth pocket was designed mainly for storing cell phones
D．The question about the fifth pocket is asked often between phones
3、What may be the best title for the text?
A．Is the extra pocket good or bad? B．Is the fifth pocket to be changed?
C．The reasons for having that extra pocket D．The styles of the fifth pocke
25．（10分） During Amsterdam’s chaotic rush hour, nine-year-old Lotta Crok cycles to a very busy junction. “Look,” she says. “There’s traffic coming from everywhere. Four trams from four different directions. For a child on a bike that’s really confusing!”
Lotta is the first junior cycle mayor in the world and her working area is the Dutch capital. You would think this challenge would be superfluous in a city known as the bicycle capital of the world. The number of bicycles in Amsterdam is estimated at 881,000 – more than the city’s 850,000 inhabitants – and 63% of the population cycle daily.
But chil