赖世雄美语入门学习笔记.doc

赖世雄美语入门学习笔记
1、 greets .
2、 so so 马马虎虎

二、courtesy
1、he has no courtesy . 他没有礼貌
Courtesy costs nothing .礼多人不怪。

12
Price is very high . 价格高。 Eggs are selling at low price .鸡蛋售价低。
错误的：the price of the car is expensive . 正确：the car is expensive. inexpensive.
Anything 用于否定和疑问句。Something 用于肯定句。
形容词修饰anything something nothing ,形容词放后面，不可前置
I have something good for you . Do you have anything important to tell me ?
There is nothing nice/good to eat in that restaurant . =there isn’t anything nice to eat in that restaurant.
Slender .苗条的

语法： 一般来说，三音节及以上的形容词，变比较级要加More
Expensive more expensive Important more important Beautiful more beautiful
元音代表音节，三个元音即三个音节
辅音结尾的单音节形容词，双写辅音加er hotter fatter

I’ll take it = I’ll buy it. 我要买了
Do you have change for a hundred . (change 前没有a , change 不可数)
How much change do you need . how many changes do you need . (错误的)
How much change do you have ?= how much do you have in change ?
I have ten dollars in change/cash .
Here is the money . here are the books . here you go .拿去吧 Brush .毛笔
Inexpensive (便宜质量不错) cheap (便宜，质量差) the quality is worse .品质差
Miss 没结婚 Ms. 不知道结婚没有 Mrs. ['misiz]太太

How much does +单数名词 cost? How much does this shirt cost ?
do +复数物品 cost? How much do these pencils cost ?
= how much is + 单数物品 ？ how much is that shirt?
are +复数物品 ？ how much are these pencils ?
how many +复数

13课
Hostess 女服务员
I’d like to book(reserve) a table for seven. 订桌子（门票通常用reserve）
Do you have a table for two ? =do you have a table for two people.
有两个人的桌子么
May I have the menu .我能看菜单么。
Second- hand smoke 二手烟
May I take your order now? 我可以接受你的点菜了吗？
Yes ,please .I’ll have the steak. 我要牛排
Well- done ,please . 全熟的。
aisle [ail] s不发音 。走廊过道
can I have a window/aisle seat ? 窗边座位/靠走道的座位
follow me (in ) this way = this way . in this way . in 通常省略。
Sir . ma’am .女士 。对女士尊称
Pork rice .猪肉饭
Well-done / medium / medium rare / rare/ raw
全熟 / 六七分熟 /四五分熟 /三分熟 /生的
How would you like your coffee?
Cream and no sugar ,please . 加奶精不要糖
Would you want me to carry your bags? 要我提袋子么？
Check please.=bill please. 算账
How about going on a picnic tomorrow ? 明天去野餐如何。
14 .AT THE CLOTHING STORE 在服装店
CAN I HAVE A LOOK AT THAT JACKET,PLEASE ?
WHAT SIZE SHOES DO YOU WEAR? WHAT SIZE SHIRT DO YOU WEAR?
EXTAR LARGE .加大号

CAN I TRY IT ON ?
MAY I HELP YOU? 能帮你么？ IMPOLITE .不礼貌
NECKTIE .领带
ANY SPECIAL BRAND ?
ON SALE 特价
HOW MUCH IS IT ?=HOW MUCH DOES IT COST?
IT'S ONLY US$ 10 AND IT IS ON SALE. 10美元 US$ 10
HAVE A LOOK AT .....看看。。。。

CLOTHING 衣服（不可数）。he bought much clothing .
英语中上衣与裤子是分开的，具体的衣服和裤子是可数的。夹克jacket 裤子可数
blouse 女衫 a blouse , two blouses
裤子要和a pair of 连用 ，裤子有两条筒。 a pair of trousers/pants/slacks/shorts . two pairs of pants . pants 裤子/美式（本身带S）
slacks 休闲裤 shorts 短裤
clothes 衣服(恒用复数形式)
dress vt. Vi. N. 穿衣、连衣裙，女装dresses 女装
some,a lot of , many 都用于修饰复数，但many后面要接复数名词(不是名词复数形式)。 he has many clothes. he has some/a lot of/much clothing.
cloth 布 （不可数） 一块布 a piece of cloth. some cloth . a lot of cloth. 一些布，很多布

dress后面往往接人作宾语，如果人作主语，则用被动语态。如：
Mother dressed the baby carefully.
The baby was dressed carefully.
dress后面可以接表示颜色的词。如：
He is dressed in white.他穿一身白衣服。

put on表示穿衣服的动作，是短暂时性动词。如：
I got up and put on a red coat.

wear表示穿衣服的状态。如：
He often wears a black coat.

i always wipe the floor with an old piece of cloth. 向来用旧布擦地板。
An good piece of news. Old 和good 在piece 前
你穿几号/多大?( 衣服/鞋子)？ What size (jacket/shoes)do you wear ?
（不用what number ）
What size socks do you wear ? 你穿几号袜？（短袜socks）
Wear 穿、戴
穿洋装 wear white dresses .
戴帽子Helen wears a hat every day .
系皮带 wear a red belt .
戴太阳镜 he is wearing a sunglasses because it’s a sunny day .两个镜片
Sorry , to have cut in .打断

S small 小号 M medium 中号 L large 大号 XL extra large 加大
One size fits all 均码，都可以穿的

Lesson 16 At the Shoe Store 在鞋店

Do you have these shoes in size 8? (数字前用In。my size 前可省略In)
I’m sorry ,but they are too small .Do you have a bigger pair . 大点的 but 做连接词，不翻译成但是，语气词。
Here , try these on .试下。
Wow！they are just right. 刚好

Excuse me . can you show me some high-heeled shoes ? 高跟鞋
Sure. This way ,please.
These are too high. Do you have lower ones? 矮一点的鞋。
How about these?
They don’t fit. Do you have small ones ? 不合适
I’m afraid we don’t have your size.
What a shame .

Sneakers 运动鞋（胶底） flats 平底鞋 （鞋有两支所以加s）
Tennis shoes 网球鞋 socks 短袜
Where were we last time ? 我们上次上到哪里了？ Where are we ?
Do you have a bigger pair? A pair of blue jeans 一条蓝色牛仔裤
A pair of scissors ['sizəz] 一把剪刀
my feet hurt .wow (gee) too bad . wow 用在好方面 gee都可以用
ear-rings 耳环 (finger)ring 戒指 nose ring 鼻环
tongue ring 舌环 belly ring 肚环
these are too high. Do you have lower ones? Ones 用来代替前面的shoes. 这样的用法要好一些。如果是one ,则代替前面的单数名词。
Jack wants a new bike ,but he doesn’t have enough money to buy a new bike . 这种用法不是很好，地道的是： to buy one .
These mangos are delicious , especially the red mangos.改为ones.
They don’t fit. They don’t fit me . fit后可以单独用也可以跟人。
Do these socks fit? 袜子合适不？
to stay fit ,you’d have to excise.要健康，就要运动
I’m afraid (that) we don’t have your size.
I want to buy a pair of dark glasses. 我想买一副深色的眼睛。
I have two apples . which one do you want?
I’m afraid these pants are too big. Which ones should I try on ? 裤子有两个裤管，代表裤子始终用Ones。

205页
Lesson 17 At The bookstore

Excuse me, do you have A Tale Of Two Cities? They must be present in Italics 斜体字italics [i'tæliks]
Who is the author ? 作者 作家 writer a famous writer
Sorry ，We’re sold out right now .Please come back next week.
Ok . thanks .

Be sold out .售完 sold out 另一个含义是出卖

Do you have a good English-Chinese dictionary ? 英汉字典
Sure. How about this one .
Is this the latest edition ? 最新版本
Yes. we have both the paperback and the hardcover .平装本/精装本
What’s the difference？
The hardcover is more expensive.
Oh! I see. I’ll have paperback please.

especially text book 教科书 poor starving student .
pride and prejudice is my favorite novel . 傲慢与偏见
do you know the author of Pride and Prejudice ?
Charles Dickens. 狄更斯

we are sold out of sth. We are sold out.
用法A：we are sold out of sth
We are sold out of this book. Sold out 当形容词
We are sold out of shoes in your size. 你穿的号码我们卖完了。

用法B: we have sold out of sth
We have sold out of milk . have 是现在分词助动词，整句是现在完成时态。
我们已经卖完牛奶了

喜欢玩乐的人 party animal
They will go to States. 美国
They will get married next month. 下个月结婚
查词典 consult the dictionary consult 请教 consult teacher 请教老师
查单词 Look up the word in the dictionary . 不能说 look up dictionary
Look it up in the dictionary .

形容词比较级规则：
A. 原则双音节或三音节以上形容词
比较级：more + 原级
最高级：most +原级
Expensive \ more expensive \ the most expensive
Beautiful \ more beautiful \ the most beautiful

B. 原级是单音节的形容词
比较级：原级+ er
最高级：原级+ est
Small \smaller \smallest
Low \lower \lowest

C. 辅音结尾的单音节形容词
双写加
Fat\fatter\fattest
Hot \hotter\hottest

D. 以e结尾的单音节形容词，或le 结尾的双音节形容词
比较级+r
最高级+st

Wise\wiser\wisest
Gentle\gentler\gentlest

E.以辅音+y结尾的形容词
比较级： y 改为i + er
最高级： y 改为i + est
Pretty \ prettier \ prettiest
Easy \ easier \ easiest

F.不规则，见一个记一个
Good better best
Bad worse worst

The difference between A and B is …..

作者是谁？ Who is the author ? writer 作家
English-English dictionary 英英字典
Chinese-English dictionary 汉英字典
English-Chinese dictionary 英汉字典
Lovely = good looking 漂亮的 cute 可爱的 what a cute baby !多可爱

I like both jazz and rock’n’roll .=rock and roll

Please consult the dictionary for the meaning of this word.
Refer to the dictionary .参考词典
Look up the word in the dictionary .
Both he and I are students.

I’ll take it . 我买了。

Lesson 18 Taking a Taxi 搭出租车
Where to , ma’am? Where to =where are you going ?
The train station , please.
(arrives)here we are, ma’am. 我们到了。
How much do I owe you.
It’s 135 Yuan on the meter. 里程表上
Here’s 150 Yuan, keep the change .
Thanks.

Take a bus . take a plane. Plain n.平原。朴素 full stop .句号

B：
(take me ) To the airport ,please.
The international or domestic one ? [dəˈmestik]
The international airport.
Got it!
Could you speed up ,please. I don’t want to miss my flight.
What time’s your flight?
10:45 pm.
Don’t worry . I’ll get you there in time .

搭乘交通工具，动词用take。此时该交通工具前要前置不定冠词a/an或定冠词the
Take the / a taxi let’s take a taxi to the restaurant .
Take the / a bus
Take the / a train
Take the / an airplane
Take the / a ship /boat
By +交通工具，也表示搭乘，但交通工具前不放任何冠词。
By bus\ by plane \ by train \ by ship
Let’s go to the restaurant by bus.
步行，则用on foot. The only way to get to the village is on foot.

Mass Rapid Transit 大规模快运系统= MRT take MRT
Got it = I have got it . speed up 加速 flight 航班
Here you are /go . 在这儿/拿去吧
There you are /there it is . 原来在这儿
There you go again .你又来了（这一套）
Owe +人+钱 I remember you still owe me US$10.
I owe you one .我欠你个人情。[英] [əu]
Do you want me to take you to the international airport or domestic airport?
= to the international or domestic one ?
These apples are good , but I prefer the green ones.
I prefer movies to TV . prefer …. To …..喜欢。。。胜过。。。。
Just follow this map you and you won’t get lost . Got it ?
Get lost 滚（有骂人的意思）消失
Speed up 加速 slow down 慢下来
I’m in a hurry ./ in a rush .我赶时间 hurry up ,Step on it .快点，加速点。
I’m not in a hurry . 我不赶时间 you are driving too fast .
if you miss the bus ,you will be late.
He is very picky .很挑食。 Pumpkin 南瓜 。 she is my pumpkin.爱人
Pumpkinhead 傻瓜
I’ll get you there in time . 及时 on time .按时
In time +for 名词 In time +to 动词原形
Am I in time for dinner ? 我及时赶上吃晚餐么？
You are just in time to help us paint the wall.
I’m sure we will finish the project on time .按时完成工程
The States美国（口语）

lesson 19 Booking a Room
Excuse me . Do you have a single room?
Sorry . We are fully booked. The only room available at the moment is a twin room.双人房
Ok. I’ll take it.
May I have your name?
I’m John Li.
How many days do you want to stay ?
Five days.
Please be all ears. 好好注意听

Excuse me .My name is Jack Wu . I’d like to book a room.
Single or double ?
What are the rates? / prices what are the charges?
It’s US $100 for a single ,and US $150 for a double .
I’ll take a single for 3 days.
Ok. Just come to the front desk at the lobby.大厅（公共场合入口处）
Ok . I’ll arrive tomorrow.
See you then.

Reserve=book

Fully . 完全地；充分的 twin :双胞胎的，成对的
twin brother 双胞胎兄弟（哥或弟）
The twins look exactly the same .双胞胎长得一样。
Twin room 两个小的单人床 / double room两张大床或一张双人床. 都叫双人床

Arrive . 到达建筑物用at ,大的地方用In。
Tommy usually arrives at school at 7:00 am.
At school .代表念书去 at the school 代表在学校
I go to school .去上学 I go to the school 到学校去.
See you then .到时见
Business suit .西装 suite [swiːt] I am going to book a suite at the hotel .套房
The food is sweet.[ swiːt]
I’ll book two seats for tonight’s concert.
预定 reserve , make a reservation for
I’ll make a reservation for a suite at the hotel.
Suite 套房（有客厅卧室浴室） deluxe suite [diˈlʌks] 豪华套房
Presidential suite 总统套房 small potatoes 小人物，不重要的事
we are fully booked.订满了
英语中少数形容词修饰名词要后置，available 就是之一。
The only doctor available in the hospital does not have much experience.

Stay 和live : stay 是短期居住， live 是长期居住
I am staying at that hotel.
I have lived in Taipei for three years.
This weekend I’m going to stay (over) at a friend’s house.
dorm 宿舍 音节划分：dor▪mi▪tory dormitory 集体寝室
I live in the dorm with my friends. 我和朋友住宿舍。 Apartment 公寓
I’m all set . I’m all ears. 我准备好了。
I’m still single . can I be friends with you .我可不可以和你交朋友。
I’m married . what are the charges?
Tutor : n.家庭教师。 V.当家庭教师

Rate : 价格费用/ 速度速率 rates;收费
What are your rates for tutoring at student’s home ? 你到学生家做家教的费用怎么算
At the rate of :以…….的速率
The chicken lays eggs at the rate of one day . 这鸡一天下一个蛋 lay 下蛋
Lies :说谎/躺下
I am a chicken . he is a chicken . 胆小鬼 I am chicken .
I enjoy chicken .我喜欢鸡肉。/肌肉前不加a

US $ 100 =100 US (dollars)
See you then = see you at that time .
see you later .俏皮话的时候说=Alligator . [英] [ˈælɪˌgeɪtə]短吻鳄； 短吻鳄皮革； 鳄口式工具
appointment 和医生的约会

LESSON 20 Checking into a Hotel
1 dialog A
Good morning , I’m Mr. Wu . I have a reservation for a suite.
Oh, yes , Mr. Wu. Please fill out this form .
Here you are .
Will you pay by cash or charge. 付现金还是刷卡？
Do you take traveler’s checks? 收旅行支票么？
Certainly .

2、dialog B
Excuse me . l’d like to check in please. My name is Jack Wu .
One moment, please. Oh ,yes . Yes you have a reservation for a single room , right?
That’s right.
My I have a look at your passport? Look at her ,she is gorgeous.看看她，太美
Here you go .
Ok , you’re booked in room 609. Do you have any luggage ?
Yes . These two suitcases.
No problem . The bellboy will take them and show you your room .

Two pieces of luggage. How many pieces of luggage do you have?
Baggage .
Bellboy.服务生
Check into a hotel.办理住宿手续 pay by cash 现金支付
Check in/out 登记/退房
Here you go / here you are 在这/拿去吧
Be booked in room +数字 预定…..房间
Show + 人+ to +地方 I will show you to your table .将某人带到某处
Check into = check in
If you check out after 12 noon, you’ll have to pay for another day .
要是你中午12点后退房，你就要多付一天的钱。
I have a reservation for a suite. 我订了间套房。
I have a reservation for a table for two .两人的餐桌。
Fill out / fill in 美式/英式用法
Before job interview , you have to fill out this application form.申请表
Will you pay by cash or charge? Charge = credit card 信用卡
It’s very easy to overspend when you have a credit card. 有信用卡就会多花钱。
Where were we last time ? 我们上次到哪儿了？

Charge +sb+钱+for something .
The tutor charges his students US$1 an hour for English lesson.

Do you take travel’s check? Take = accept
Do you have time to see me now ?
Can you help me (to ) fix my bike ?
Can you help me (to)write love letter ? 情书
One moment /minute just a moment/minute 稍后

*反问句重点。
1、 句中有be动词，以be 动词形成反问。
John is nice , isn’t he ?
Tom and Mary aren’t students ,are they?

2、 句中有助动词，助动词形成反问
You will come , won’t you ?
She can’t speak English ,can she ?
3、 肯定句中有一般动词，按照主语人称及动词时态以don’t 或doesn’t 形成反问。
4、 否定句中因已有do 或does ,反问仍然用do 或does.

Helen loves flowers , doesn’t she ?=right.
You don’t like me ,do you?
5、 let’s 开头的句子，反问部分用shall we .
let’s go to the movies tonight , shall we ? 不能用right代替

6、 原形动词开始的祈使句，反问部分固定用will
Close the door ,will you ? 不能用right代替
Bag袋子 handbag手提袋 box箱子 suitcase手提箱
briefcase公文包

lesson 21 changing money
I would like to cash these travel’s checks, please?
How much do you have?
Five hundred US dollars.
Do you have any identification? ID(身份证明)
Will my passport do ?
That’ll be fine. (发音类似 that all be fine)

DIALOG B
What’s the exchange rate for US dollars , please .汇率
Which currency do you want to change your money into? 货币(汇率用)
Hong Kong dollars , please.
It’s 7.89 Hong Kong dollars to 1 US dollar. (seven point eight nine)
Can you change US $100 ?
How do you want your money ?
Seven hundreds, eight tens and the