疾病机制英语题库.doc

[Chapter 5-1, neoplasia-1]自测练习
自测结果
1、 A clinical study is performed on biopsy specimens obtained from patients who had a malignant neoplasm. It is observed that a subset of these biopsies shows a neoplasm composed predominantly of cells with a spindle shape and a high N/C ratio with marked pleomorphism. These cells are vimentin positive, cytokeratin negative, and CD45 negative by immunohistochemical staining. This type of neoplasm is most likely to have been diagnosed in which of the following patients?
A、A 12-year-old man with a mass in the left femur and lung metastases A
B、A 45-year-old woman with Vaginal bleeding，especially Cervical contactive bleeding
C、A 25-year-old man with an enlarged left testis.
D、A 55-year-old smoker with a mass in his right lung and weight loss
E、A 5-year-old boy with a right renal mass
你的答案错误,答案是A 答案提示 参与本题讨论 本题共有0则意见

2、A 53-year-old woman presented to her doctor with a lump in her breast. On examination, the lump was in the upper outer quadrant of the right breast and was fixed to the skin which was puckered over the surface. The nipple was slightly inverted. The lump felt hard and craggy to palpation and was approximately 4 cm in diameter. The GP felt several enlarged lymph nodes in the axilla on the same side. If the pathologist reported that the lump was a malignant carcinoma and the lymph nodes contains metastatic tumor. The TNM stage may be D
A、T1N2M0
B、T2N2M0
C、T3N2M0
D、T4N2M0
E、T2N2M1

3、 the most common secondary tumors of the central nervous system arise from D
A、esophagus cancer
B、breast cancer
C、breast cancer
D、lung cancer
E、choriocarcinoma

4、A 50-year-old man has felt vague abdominal discomfort for the past 4 months. On physical examination he has no lymphadenopathy, and no abdominal masses or organomegaly can be palpated. Bowel sounds are present. An abdominal CT scan shows a 20 cm retroperitoneal soft tissue mass obscuring the left psoas muscle. A stool specimen tested for occult blood is negative. Which of the following neoplasms is this man most likely to have? E
A、Hamartoma
B、Tuberculosis of lymph nodes
C、Lymphoma
D、renal cell carcinoma
E、Liposarcoma
5、 When determining grade of neoplasm, the one we should not take into account is E
A、the degree of cellular differentiation.
B、the mitotic rate.
C、the apoptotic rate.
D、the amount of necrosis present
E、patient age and general health

6、 the false statement is C
A、of people with Duke’s stage A carcinoma of the colon,90% will survive for five years.
B、 lipomas are common benign tumors of fat.
C、leukemia is a malignant neoplasm arising from the peripheral white cells.
D、poorly differentiated carcinomas usually have a poor prognosis.
E、most carcinomas initially metastasive via the regional lymph nodes.

7、Neuroblastomas are most common in B
A、the elderly
B、children
C、adults
D、male
E、female

8、Which one is not right? C
A、oncogenes may be present in neoplastic cells.
B、 oncogenes can produce mutant oncoproteins.
C、 oncogenes can’t be detected in histological preparations.
D、 oncogenes result from activation of proto- oncogenes.
E、oncogenes may resemble RNA retrovirus particles.

9、The correctly paired one is D
A、liver fluke—liver cancer
B、radioactive iodine—lung cancer.
C、X-rays—cell cytoplasm damage.
D、HBV—liver cancer.
E、asbestos—lung cancer.

10、proto-oncogene is A
A、ras
B、APC
C、RB
D、p53
E、NF-1

11、the benign neoplasm is B
A、Leukemia
B、hemangioma
C、lymPhoma
D、melanoma
E、Wilms tumor

12、A 44-year-old woman notes a lump in her left breast while taking a shower. Her physician notes a 3 cm firm, irregular, non-movable mass located in the upper outer quadrant of her left breast on physical examination. A fine needle aspiration of this mass is performed. Cells obtained from the mass are examined cytologically and are consistent with infiltrating ductal carcinoma. The mass is removed with lumpectomy along with an axillary lymph node dissection. Which of the following findings will best predict a better prognosis for this patient? C
A、 the expression of c-erbB-2 in the tumor cells is very high.
B、 The tumor cells are strongly estrogen receptor positive
C、 No metastases are found in the sampled lymph nodes
D、 She has one relative who had a similar type of breast cancer
E、 The tumor has a high grade

13、 Which one is unique characteristic to malignant neoplasm: E
A、 disordered cell growth
B、the changes are irreversible
C、variation in cell shape and size
D、invasive growth pattern
E、metastasis and produce secondary tumors.

14、Which of the following is false of cell atypical? C
A、loss of normal maturation pattern (polarity).
B、increased mitotic figures
C、pleomorphism and small nuclei in relation to cytoplasm.
D、hyperchromatism as a result of increased DNA content.
E、cells look more primitive

15、The findings of the following substances in excessive quantities in the blood may be due to the presence of a specific type of tumour except ( ) D
A、Noradrenaline
B、5-hydxoxytryptamine
C、Carcinoembryonic antigen
D、Prostaglandins
E、Calcium

16、The following are the transformed phenotype of neoplasitic cells except? A
A、 require extrinsic growth factors.
B、show reduced cell cohesiveness.
C、proliferate to form colonies and do not show normal cell orientation.
D、often show altered surface antigens.
E、grow to higher cell densities in a haphazard way.

17、The following tumours may not secrete hormones A
A、Carcinoid tumours
B、Choriocarcinoma
C、Arrhenoblastoma
D、Teratoma
E、thecoma

18、The following pairs of the neoplasm and its first involved lymph nodes all are right but ( ) is false B

A、carcinoma of bronchus—hilar lymph nodes.
B、esophagus carcinoma—Virchow nodes.
C、breast carcinoma—axillary lymph nodes.
D、carcinoma of the perineum—inguinal lymph nodes.
E、carcinoma of the perineum—inguinal lymph nodes.

19、Neoplastic disease may be associated with the following conditions A
A、 Necrobiosis lipoidica
B、 Acanthosis nigricans
C、 Bloom Syndrome
D、 Thrombophlebitis migrans
E、 Dermatomyositis

20、The following pairs of the syndrome and its involved gene all are right but ( )is false. C
A、familial retinoblastoma——RB
B、familial adenomatous polyposis——APC
C、Bloom syndrome——ATM
D、Wilms tumor——WT-1
E、Fanconi anemia——FACC

21、A child is born with a single functional allele of a tumor suppressor gene. At the age of five the remaining normal allele is lost through a point mutation. As a result, the ability to continue the transition from G1 to the S phase of cell cycle is lost. Which of the following neoplasms is most likely to arise via this mechanism? D
A、Wilms tumor
B、osteosarcoma in femur
C、Burkitt lymphoma
D、Retinoblastoma of eye
E、Cerebral astrocytoma
22、A 52-year-old man has had increasing fatigue for the past 6 months. On physical examination he has a palpable spleen tip. Laboratory studies show a WBC count of 189,000/microliter. The peripheral blood smear shows many mature and immature myeloid cells present. Cytogenetic analysis of cells obtained via bone marrow aspiration reveals a t(9:22) translocation. This translocation leads to formation of a hybrid gene that greatly increases tyrosine kinase activity. Which of the following genes is most likely translocated to cause these findings? A
A、c-abl
B、k-ras
C、c-myc
D、sis
E、p53

23、The falsely paired one is B
A、CEA—colorectal disease, benign and malignant
B、HCG—carcinoid tumor
C、AFP—malignant teratoma, hepatocellular carcinoma.
D、prostatic acid phosphatase—prostate cancer.
E、HMB45—malignant melanoma
你的答案错误,答案是B 答案提示 参与本题讨论 本题共有0则意见

24、The ‘rate of growth’ of a malignant tumour is affected by a number of factors except E
A、tumour necrosis and apotosis
B、exfoliation
C、growth fraction (or “the percentage of cells in the resting phase”)
D、the oxygen content of the tumour cells environment
E、nuclear size

25、 A 55-year-old man has complained of difficulty swallowing for the past month. On physical examination he has a palpable, firm mass in the left neck. Further history indicates that his father died of esophagus carcinoma. Which of the following neoplasms is he most likely to have? E
A、oesophagitis
B、stenosis of the esophagus
C、Varicose veins of lower esophagus
D、central bronchogenic carcinoma
E、esophagus carcinoma

26、 the malignant neoplasm is: D
A、papilloma
B、fibroadenoma
C、hemangioma
D、signet-ring cell carcinoma
E、choristoma
27、The most common tumours of the central nervous system arise from: C
A、the meninges
B、primitive neuroectodermal
C、neuroglia
D、the blood vessels
E、nerve cells

28、the malignant neoplasm is C
A、lipoma
B、leiomyoma
C、lymPhoma
D、lymphangioma
E、chondroma

29、 A 45-year-old healthy man has a routine check of his health status. He has no chest pain, cough, or fever. A chest x-ray taken and shows a peripheral 2.5 cm diameter 'coin lesion' in the right mid-lung field. Which of the following biologic characteristics best distinguishes this lesion as a neoplasm, rather than a granuloma? B
A、Necrosis
B、Uncontrolled (autonomous) growth
C、Recurrence following excision
D、Rapid increase in size
E、a little pleural effusion

30、1 .A neoplasm may be defined as: B
A、A. The proliferation is purposeful and ceases after the stimulus is removed.
B、B. An abnormal growth of tissue which exceeds and is uncoordinated with that of normal tissues.
C、C. An increase in the cells of a tissue but is subject to normal constrains on cell growth.
D、D. A growth of tissue which is limited and coordinated with that of the rest of the body.
E、E. A malformation in which the various tissues of the part are present in improper proportions or di

31、A 15-year-old boy has had lumps in the right neck for the past 5 months. On physical examination there is painless lymphadenopathy in the right cervical region. One of the lymph nodes is biopsied and on microscopic examination shows many lymphocytes that are large, with clumped chromatin and occasional mitoses. The characterization of this population of lymphocytes as a neoplasm is best accomplished by which of the following methods? D
A、Demonstrating fibrosis within the mass by light microscopy
B、IHC staining identifying leukocyte common antigen
C、Flow cytometry indicating a high S-phase
D、Gene rearrangement studies that demonstrate clonality
E、A differential white blood count showing a lymphocytosis

32、which one is not carcinogen E
A、aflatoxin
B、Azo dyes
C、Nitrosamines
D、UV
E、CO2

34、The followings about dysplastic epithelium all are right but D
A、characteristically shows lack of polarity.
B、 may occur in metaplastic epithelium.
C、may show nuclear pleomorphism.
D、rarely progresses to malignancy.
E、benign colorectal polyps are composed of dysplastic epithelial glands.

35、A 53-year-old woman presented to her doctor with a change in bowel habits. On physical examination there are no lesions noted on digital rectal examination, but her stool is positive for occult blood. A colonoscopy is performed and reveals a 6 cm friable mass located in the cecum. A biopsy of this mass is performed and microscopic examination shows a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. Which of the following findings is most likely to be present in this patient? E
A、A high titer DNA topoisomerase I autoantibody
B、A plasma HIV-1 RNA level of 40,000 copies/ml
C、A stool culture positive for Shigella flexneri
D、An IHC stain positive for AFP in the neoplastic cells
E、A k-ras mutation in the neoplastic cells

36、 tumor suppressor gene is B
A、sis
B、BRCA-1
C、erb-B2
D、abl
E、myc

37、A clinical study is performed of oncogenesis in human neoplasms. It is observed that some neoplasms appear to develop from viral oncogenesis, with serologic confirmation of past viral infection. Which of the following neoplasms is most likely to arise in this manner? B
A、lung cancer
B、T-cell leukemia
C、bladder cancer
D、malignant pleural tumor
E、skin cancer

38、Neuroblastomas are most common in C
A、the elderly
B、adults
C、the adrenal medulla
D、the floor of the fourth ventricle
E、sympathetic ganglia

39、A 60-year-old man who has a 90 pack year history of cigarette smoking has had a chronic cough for the past 10 years. He has begun to lose weight (3 kg) during the past year. No abnormal findings are noted on physical examination. He has a chest radiograph that reveals a right hilar mass. A sputum cytology shows atypical, hyperchromatic squamous cells. What is the most common initial pathway of spread of this lesion? C
A、Pleural cavity
B、Bloodstream
C、Lymphatics
D、direct spreading
E、Bronchi

40、Behaviors of benign neoBehaviors of benign neoplasms except:plasms except: E
A、slow growing
B、well differentiated
C、 no distant spread.
D、only cause symptoms by local effects.
E、invade the tissue of origin.

41、The correctly paired one is D
A、 carcinoma of breast—malignant proliferation of breast stroma
B、 osteosarcoma—malignant proliferation of bone marrow cells.
C、 retinoblastoma—autosomal dominant.
D、 large bowel obstruction—colonic carcinoma.
E、 meningioma—tumor of cerebral cortex.

42、A study is performed to analyze characteristics of malignant neoplasms in biopsy specimens. The biopsies were performed on patients who had palpable mass lesions on digital rectal examination. Of the following microscopic findings, which is most likely to indicate that the neoplasm is malignant? A
A、Pleomorphism
B、Invasion and metastasis
C、Necrosis
D、Angiogenesis
E、Increased nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio

43、the neoplasm A
A、dermoid cysts
B、 hamartomas
C、choristoma
D、hydatidiform mole
E、inflammatory pseudotumor

44、The following