2022年上海市重点名校英语高三上期末教学质量检测模拟试题含解析.doc

2022-2023高三上英语期末模拟试卷
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第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
1．The church which is easily ________ from my home is being rebuilt.
A．accessible B．available
C．acceptable D．responsible
2．The boy was waving his stick in the street and it ________ missed the child standing nearby.
A．closely B．narrowly C．nearly D．hardly
3．It came as a great ________ to the parents that their son finally came back safe and sound.
A．relief B．sense
C．relaxion D．favor
4．August 8th，2008 is a special day，________________，I think，that will be remembered by the Chinese forever .
A．one B．what
C．which D．the one
5．Molly finally agreed, _____ reluctantly, to go and see a doctor.
A．afterwards B．almost
C．otherwise D．somewhat
6．Most of the money for the reconstruction of the quake-stricken town has been allocated by the government, the rest ______ from the coming charity concerts.
A．to be collected B．having been collected
C．being collected D．to have been collected
7．Either side seems to have a(n) _________ position; there are still many uncertainties on this issue.
A．ambiguous B．delicate C．explicit D．confidential
8．Everything was placed exactly ________ he wanted it for the graduation ceremony.
A．the place where B．when
C．where D．in which
9．Johnson hasn’t felt any effect the new dieting recipe has him since he tried to lose weight three months ago.
A．for B．to C．on D．with
10．_____ the lawyers, volunteers from the Libyan Red Cross Society also joined the efforts in helping the Chinese go home safely.
A．Except for B．In spite of C．Apart from D．Instead of
11．As a surgeon,I cannot 　　　 any mistakes;it would be dangerous for the patient.
A．appreciate B．remove
C．offer D．afford
12．Martin Luther King, Jr. put it that peace is not merely a distant goal that we seek, but a means _____we arrive at that goal.
A．that B．where C．by which D．with which
13．________ themselves in the community services, students can gain experience for growth.
A．Involved B．To involve
C．Having been involved D．Involving
14．When we have a chance to travel, we tend to ______ as many sights into the trip as we can--- seven countries in ten days, for example.
A．squeeze B．sneeze C．subscribe D．substitute
15．Frankly speaking, I am not sure whether I ________ this in the old days with that kind of equipment, which looks quite odd and ridiculous.
A．should have done B．need have done C．would have done D．must have done
16．In spite of _________ has been said, quite a lot of people are still uncertain about the state of the country’s economy.
A．what B．which
C．that D．as
17．We were sad to learn that several students were by a car yesterday.
A．hit out B．knocked over
C．run across D．picked up
18．—Mum, I am worrying about my pet dog while we are away.
—Boy, you ________. Our neighbor has offered to help us.
A．can’t B．wouldn’t C．needn’t D．mustn’t
19．________enough money, the young man was unable to buy his girlfriend expensive jewelry.
A．Not to save B．Not saving
C．Not having saved D．Not saved
20．They have leading experts in this field，and that's __________ they've made important progress．
A．where B．why
C．whether D．who
第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
21．（6分）When asked how technology might improve the lives of people with vision impairments (视力障碍), Joann Becker presented a misleadingly simple challenge. “Well,” the vision impairments tech specialist recalls saying. “I’d like to be able to find my bus slop through Be My Eyes”.
Be My Eyes, which went live in 2015, establishes a direct video connection between visually impaired users and sighted volunteers. The assumption is simple: Many people who are blind don’t need any actual assistance in completing their daily tasks, but merely need a little help.
A sighted volunteer might be asked to help identify which of two cans contains tomatoes. In this case, the visually impaired user can cook a meal just fine on his/her own-all he/she needs is a quick confirmation that he/she has the correct can. The model appears to be working; more than 540,000 volunteers and nearly 40,000 people with low vision are registered on the app.
“An elderly woman can now help a visually impaired technician set up his computer,” says founder Hans Wiberg, who has very low vision. “She doesn’t need to know a thing about computers. She only needs to read what is presented on the screen. Then he can do the rest.”
Early assistive technology centered on dedicated devices (专用设备), because of the niche market (缝隙市场), which sold for hundreds or even thousands of dollars. But the smartphone, multipurpose and near-universal, has completely changed the economy of scale.
“There are larger market forces driving high-powered computation, high-quality engineering and high-quality battery management in the smartphone market than those in a specialty product,” says Aaron Steinfeld, a research professor at the Robotics Institute at Carnegie Mellon University.
“The reality is, most sighted people don’t know somebody who is blind.” Becker says. “They think the solutions that a blind person needs arc far more expansive, it turns out, they need to be. I think these apps are enabling sighted people to see that blind people just need some simple clues to help them do any number of things in their lives.”
1、What is the first paragraph used for in the text?
A．Showing the main idea. B．Introducing the topic.
C．Giving one example. D．Making a conclusion.
2、How does the app Be My Eyes work?
A．By creating a video link between the dibbled and .sighted one.
B．By recognizing which of two cans have tomatoes and cooking.
C．By establishing a high-quality engineering and computation.
D．By flashing the everyday tasks of the technician and volunteers.
3、From the text we can know .
A．only people with low vision arc registered to use the app
B．slight assistance can help the blind free from some troubles
C．volunteers should be very familiar with high-tech computers
D．Joann Becker thinks it hard to find a bus stop using Be My Eyes
4、What do the 5th and 6th paragraphs mainly mean?
A．Smartphone market has great economic potential.
B．The smartphone becomes a special app.
C．Fine devices have changed the economy.
D．Cost matters when it comes to as5istivc technology.
22．（8分） There are billions of people on this planet, and many of us love to eat meat. In 2018 alone, the average American will consume more than 100 kgs of red meat, according to a report from the US Department of Agriculture (USDA). At the same time, the environmental impact caused by meat consumption – waste, animal treatment, health issues and even the greenhouse gas effects – has given rise to a number of startups （新兴企业） looking for ways to fill our growing demand for meat. But can the demand be filled in a sustainable and affordable way?
A bunch of companies are not only optimistic but are working to make this happen sooner. All of these companies harvest cells from animals and grow them in a lab. For example, San Francisco-based Memphis Meats is developing cell-based meats in its laboratories by manufacturing fat and muscle cells without requiring any animals. And don’t worry if you’re not a meat lover. Startups such as Jet Eat, which is based in Israel, are working on food products grown in labs that are plant based and produce meats using natural ingredients while still maintaining flavor, consistency and the “overall sensory experience”.
As you can imagine, there are plenty of hurdles facing the industry. Educating the public is a big one. Another controversial issue is the labelling of the products. Meat industry trade groups have been pressing the USDA to more strictly regulate alternative meats, labeled as “imitation products”.
Many of us have concerns about the challenges facing future generations as our global population swells and the earth’s natural resources shrink. The good news is that there are plenty of companies around the world – like those producing lab-grown meats - who are working to solve some of these problems and make a few bucks in the process. Nothing wrong with that.
1、What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 2 probably refer to?
A．Protecting the meat industry.
B．Promoting a healthy lifestyle.
C．Reducing meat consumption gradually.
D．Meeting human demands for meat sustainably.
2、What kind of meat does Jet Eat produce?
A．It tastes as good as real meat.
B．It is harvested directly from animals.
C．It looks like plants completely.
D．It contains fat and muscle cells.
3、According to the passage, how can consumers tell the lab-grown meat?
A．By receiving public education.
B．By referring to the label.
C．By observing it closely.
D．By consulting the USDA．
4、What is the text mainly about?
A．Extraordinary jobs done by new startups.
B．Lab-grown meat ready to feed the world.
C．Effective strategies applied when shopping.
D．The existing threat faced by humans.
23．（8分）5 Secrets of Web Travel Sites
Booking a trip on an online travel site is convenient, but comes with its own set of problems.

1. They know who’s on a Mac and who’s on a PC and who’s going
to spend more.
Last year, US travel research company Orbitz tracked people’s online activities to test out whether Mac users spend more on travel than PC users. On average, Mac users lay out US$20-30 more per night on hotels and go for more stars, according to the Wall Street Journal. As a result, online travel sites show these users more expensive travel options first. To avoid inadvertently paying more, sort results by price.
2. Their software doesn’t always hook up to the hotel’s system.
A guaranteed reservation is almost impossible to come by anywhere – but the risk of your flight or hotel being overbooked increases with third-party providers. The middle-man’s software isn’t immune to system errors, so always call the hotel or airline to make sure your booking was processed.
3. Don’t be fooled by packages: Often, they’re low-end items grouped together.
Ever notice how travel sites recommend a hotel, a rental car, and tour package all in one click? These deals usually feature travel that no one wants, like flights with multiple layovers. Check the fine print.
4. You could miss out on loyalty points.
Third-party providers can get between you and frequent flyer miles or points. Many hotel loyalty programmes don’t recognize external sites, others award only minimum points and exclude special offers, like double points on hotel stays.
5. Once your trip is purchased, you’re on your own.
An online travel agency can’t provide assistance the same way an agent can if a flight is cancelled or a room is substandard. Basically, when you arrive at the airport or hotel, you’re just another client who booked at the lowest rate.
1、Which of the following is TRUE?
A．Third-party providers can ensure your reservation.
B．Mac users are likely to spend more money than PC users.
C．An online travel agency functions the same as an agent.
D．Packages usually provide travelers with satisfactory programmes.
2、What’s the purpose of the passage?
A．To encourage readers to book a trip on an online travel site.
B．To make an advertisement about several travel sites online.
C．To convince readers not to book a trip on an online travel site.
D．To warn readers of some problems with booking trips online.
24．（8分）At a time when almost anything can be purchased with just one click, it’s become an automatic response to simply replace what breaks. Generations raised in the earlier half of the 20th century will say that this wasn’t always so: household appliances（器具）, clothing, electronics and more used to be bought under the assumption that, with the occasional repairs, they would last a lifetime.
Now, some conscientious consumers are taking matters into their own hands and joining the Repair Café movement. Founded in Amsterdam in 2009 by sewing expert Martine Postma, the original nonprofit has expanded to more than 1,20 locations worldwide. These pop-up events, which are run by volunteers, offer lessons in how to fix anything from fixing a button to an unresponsive laptop.
“There’s juice and treats and you get to meet new people,” says Bennett, a retired civil servant and volunteer fixer at the Repair Cafe Toronto, where she mends jewellery. She brings her own specialized tools but says most items could be repaired by anyone with a pair of pliers and some determination. “Something that is broken took time and resources to make, so if you’re throwing it out, you’re wasting those resources. ”
If you can’t find a Repair Cafe near you, it’s easy to start one. RepairCafe. org offers a starter manual with step-by-step instructions.
Changing how we acquire things is necessary, but there’s also something to be said for simply not getting them in the first place. “Most of us have more than what we need,” says Marina. “This can lead to a lot of anxiety, like—think about everything packed in the back of your closet; do you own those things or do they own you?” She suggests we train ourselves to make mindful purchases.
Lazarovic, whose delayed purchase went even further, explains that less shopping has freed up more time for family activities, dinner with friends and making art. By doing so, as she puts it, “I got out of that need-to-buy-it craze and in the end I feel good that I’ve made something.”
1、How would people raised in the 1940s deal with broken home appliances?
A．Sell them at a lower price. B．Press the button to find the fault.
C．Repair them to last longer. D．Donate them to recycling stations.
2、What does Bennett say about her work?
A．She likes the good food people bring for her work.
B．Helping make repairs means saving resources.
C．She will set up her own Repair Cafe soon.
D．She learned to repair jewels after she retired.
3、Which of the following best explains “conscientious” underlined in Paragraph 2?
A．Responsible. B．Generous.
C．Powerful. D．Irreplaceable.
4、What good does Lazarovic think less shopping will do to us?
A．It’ll make us less anxious about used things at home.
B．It’ll force us to make donations of unwanted things.
C．It’ll lead us to explore the world more responsibly.
D．It will provide us more time for beneficial events.
25．（10分） Fabien Cousteau was born with deep love for the ocean. His grandfather and his father were ocean explorers and documentary filmmakers. Fabien spent his early years on his grandfather's ships. Today, Fabien follows in his family's footsteps to protect the planet's endangered ocean life. With his vast knowledge and experience, he tries to strike a balance between environmental problems and market economies.
Fabien is well known for his study of sharks. During 2000-2002, he created a TV special called Attack of the Mystery Shark based on the shark attacks t