饮食文化 菜谱.doc

I 先介绍主料
介绍菜肴的主料和配汁：凉拌：

主料 + with/in + 汤汁（Sauce）
7

凉拌黄瓜
Cucumber
in
Sauce
凉拌苦瓜
Bitter Melon
in
Sauce
拌爽口海苔
Sea Moss / moss seaweed
with
Sauce
小黄瓜蘸酱
Small Cucumber
with
Soybean Paste
朝鲜辣白菜
Korean Cabbage
in
Chili Sauce
盐水鸭肝
Duck Liver
in
Salted Spicy Sauce
泡椒凤爪
Chicken Feet
with
Pickled Peppers
酱肘花
Sliced Pork
in
Soy Sauce
酱牛肉
Beef Seasoned
with
Soy Sauce
凉粉
Clear Noodles
in
Chili Sauce

II 先介绍烹饪方法

1、介绍菜肴的做法和主料：
做法（动词过去式）+ 主料（名称/形状）

蜜汁叉烧
Honey-Stewed
Pork BBQ
蒙古牛肉
Sautéed
Mongolian Beef
铁板牛肉
Sizzling
Beef Steak
小炒脆骨
Sautéed
Gristles
腌雪里蕻
Pickled
Potherb Mustard
虎皮尖椒
Pan-Seared
Green Chili Pepper
白灼时蔬
Scalded
Seasonal Vegetable
炒生菜
Sautéed
Lettuce
清炒菠菜
Sautéed
Spinach
清炒红菜苔
Sautéed
Chinese Kale
干煸扁豆
Dry-Fried
French Beans
地三鲜
Sautéed
Potato Green Pepper and Eggplant
家常豆腐
Fried
Tofu, Home Style
卤水鹅掌
Marinated
Goose Feet

2、介绍菜肴的做法、主料和配料：
做法(动词过去式)+主料（名称/形状）+ 配料

青椒肉丝
Sautéed
Shredded Pork
with
Green Pepper
腊肉炒香芹
Sautéed
Preserved Pork
with
Celery
雪菜炒肉丝
Sautéed
Shredded Pork
with
Potherb Mustard
蚂蚁上树
Sautéed
Vermicelli
with
Spicy Minced Pork
韭菜炒鸡蛋
Scrambled
Egg
with
Leek
葱花炒鸡蛋
Scrambled
Egg
with
Scallion
腰果鸡丁
Sautéed
Diced Chicken
With
Cashew Nuts
虫草炖老鸭
Stewed
Duck
with
Aweto
sauteed sliced pork with potato
sauteed eggs with tamato
sauteed vermicelli with minced pord and pickled cabbage

3、介绍菜肴的做法、主料和汤汁：
做法(动词过去式)+主料（名称/形状）+ with/in +汤汁

鱼香肉丝
Sautéed
Shredded Pork
with
Spicy Garlic Sauce
蒜香椒盐肉排
Deep-Fried
Spare Ribs
with
Minced Garlic and Spicy Salt
红烧狮子头
Stewed
Pork Ball
in
Brown Sauce
水煮牛肉
Poached
Sliced Beef
in
Hot Chili Oil
醋溜豆芽
Fried
Bean Sprouts
with
Vinegar Sauce
四川辣子鸡
Sautéed
Diced Chicken
with
Chili and Pepper
上汤扒娃娃菜
Braised
Baby Cabbage
in
Broth
口水鸭
Steamed
Duck
with
Chili Sauce
鱼香茄子
Sautéed
Eggplant
with
Spicy Garlic Sauce
麻婆豆腐
Stir-Fried
Tofu
in
Hot Sauce
醋溜豆芽
Fried
Bean Sprouts
with
Vinegar Sauce
口水鸡
Steamed
Chicken
with
Chili Sauce
豆豉猪蹄
Stewed
Pig Feet
with
Black Bean Sauce
盐焗鸡
Baked
Chicken
in
Salt
黑椒牛柳
Sautéed
Beef Filet
with
Black Pepper
：

III 以形状或口感开头的翻译原则

介绍菜肴形状或口感以及主配料：形状/口感 + 主料。
如：脆皮鸡 Crispy Chicken,
爽口西芹 Crispy Celery
糖醋排骨 Sweet and Sour Spare Ribs
椒盐排 Crispy Spare Ribs with Spicy Salt,
糖醋里脊 Fried Sweet and Sour Tenderloin （Lean Meat）
五香牛肉 Spicy Roast Beef

老醋泡花生
Peanuts (Pickled)
in
Aged Vinegar
拌豆腐丝
Shredded Tofu
with
Sauce
蒜茸海带丝
Sliced Kelp
in
Garlic Sauce
拌茄泥
Mashed Eggplant
with
Garlic

IV 以人名或地名开头的菜肴翻译原则

宫保鸡丁 Kung Pao Chicken
毛家红烧肉 Braised Pork，Mao's Family Style
北京烤鸭 (Beijing) Roast Duck
北京炸酱面 Noodles with Soy Bean Paste, Beijing Style
麻婆豆腐 Mapo Tofu (Stir-Fried Tofu in Hot Sauce) /
广东点心 Cantonese Dim Sum

V 菜单英文译法中汉语拼音的使用原则
1、具有中国特色的且也被外国人接受的传统食品，本着推广汉语及中国文化的原则，使用汉语拼音。如：饺子 Jiaozi

2、 具有中国特色的且被外国人接受的，但使用的是地方语言拼写或音译拼写的菜名，仍保留其拼写方式。如：
豆腐 Tofu / 宫保鸡丁 Kung Pao Chicken / 杂碎 Chop Suey / 馄饨 Wonton / 烧麦 Shaomai

3、中文菜肴名称无法体现其做法及主配料的，使用汉语拼音，并在后标注英文注释。如：
佛跳墙 Fotiaoqiang--Steamed Abalone with Shark’s Fin and Fish Maw in Broth (Lured by its delicious aroma even the Buddha jumped over the wall to eat this dish.) /
锅贴 Guotie (Pan-Fried Meat Dumplings) /
窝头 Wotou（Steamed Black Rice or Corn Bun）/
蒸饺 Steamed Jiaozi (Steamed Dumplings) /
油条 Youtiao (Deep-Fried Dough Sticks) /
汤圆 Tangyuan (Glutinous Rice Balls) /
咕噜肉 Gulaorou (Sweet and Sour Pork with Fat) /
粽子 Zongzi (Glutinous Rice Wrapped in Bamboo Leaves) /
元宵 Yuanxiao（Glutinous Rice Balls for Lantern Festival) /
驴打滚儿 Lǘdagunr（Glutinous Rice Rolls with Sweet Bean Flour）/
艾窝窝 Aiwowo (Steamed Rice Cakes with Sweet Stuffing) /
豆汁儿 Douzhir (Fermented Bean Drink)

VI 菜单中的可数名词单复数使用原则
菜单中的可数名词基本使用复数，但在整道菜中只有一件或太细碎无法数清的用单数。如：
蔬菜面 Noodles with Vegetables /
葱爆羊肉 Sautéed Lamb Slices with Scallion

VII 介词in和with在汤汁、配料中的用法

1、 如主料是浸在汤汁或配料中时，使用in连接。
如：豉汁牛仔骨 Steamed Beef Ribs in Black Bean Sauce

2、 如汤汁或蘸料和主料是分开的，或是后浇在主菜上的，则用with连接。
如：海鲜乌冬汤面 Japanese Soup Noodles with Seafood

VIII 其他
砂锅鱼头豆腐 ：Stewed Fish Head with Tofu in Pottery Pot
　　海鲜砂锅 ：Stewed Seafood in Pottery Pot
　　鱼头砂锅 ：Stewed Fish Head in Pottery Pot

蛋羹 ：Egg Custard

香辣蟹 ：Sautéed Crab in Hot Spicy Sauce
肉蟹（姜葱炒，清蒸，椒盐） ：Hardshell Crab（Stir-Fried with Ginger and Scallion/ Steamed /Fried with Spicy Salt）

番茄蛋花汤 ：Tomato and Egg Soup
萝卜煲排骨汤 ：Pork Ribs and Turnip Soup
　　萝卜丝鲫鱼 ：Crucian Carp Soup with Shredded Turnips
紫菜蛋花汤 ：Seaweed and Egg Soup

米饭 ：Steamed Rice
　　八宝饭 ：Eight Delicacies Rice
火腿炒饭 ：Fried Rice with Ham
　　鸡蛋炒饭 ：Fried Rice with Egg
牛肉盖饭 ：Rice with Beef
台式卤肉饭 ：Rice with Stewed Pork, Taiwan Style
咖喱牛肉饭 ：Rice with Curry Beef

红烧牛腩汤面 ：Soup Noodles with Beef Brisket
榨菜肉丝汤面 ：Noodle Soup with Preserved Vegetable and Shredded Pork

拉面 ：Hand-Pulled Noodles
　　牛肉拉面 ：Hand-Pulled Noodles with Beef
　　排骨拉面 ：Hand-Pulled Noodles with Spare Ribs

北京炸酱面 ：Noodles with Soy Bean Paste, Beijing Style
担担面 ：Noodles, Sichuan Style
　 凉面 ：Cold Noodles with Sesame Sauce
酸辣粉 ：Hot and Sour Rice Noodles
炒河粉 ：Sautéed Rice Noodles
蒸肠粉 ：Steamed Rice Rolls

鸡蛋韭菜水饺 ：Jiaozi Stuffed with Leek and Egg
　　猪肉芹菜水饺 ：Jiaozi Stuffed with Pork and Celery
猪肉白菜水饺 ：Jiaozi Stuffed with Pork and Chinese Cabbage
鲅鱼水饺 ：Jiaozi Stuffed with Mackerel

蒸饺 ：Steamed Jiaozi
　　香煎韭菜饺 ：Pan-Fried Leek Jiaozi
海鲜汤饺 ：Jiaozi Stuffed with Seafood in Soup
高汤水饺 ：Jiaozi in Broth

叉烧包 ：Steamed BBQ Pork Bun
煎包 ：Pan-Fried Dumplings
生煎包 ：Pan-Fried Bun Stuffed with Pork
　　豆沙包 ：Steamed Bun Stuffed with Red Bean Paste
　　奶黄包 ：Steamed Creamy Custard Bun

甜烧饼 ：Sweet Sesame Cake
　　咸烧饼 ：Spiced Sesame Cake
炸南瓜饼 ：Deep-Fried Pumpkin Cake

烧麦 ：Shaomai （Steamed Pork Dumplings）
素春卷 ：Vegetarian Spring Rolls
锅贴 ：Guotie （Pan-Fried Meat Dumplings）
冻马蹄糕 ：Water Chestnut Jelly
　　红豆糕 ：Red Bean Cake
生煎馒头 ：Pan-Fried Steamed Bun
　　炸馒头 ：Deep-Fried Steamed Bun
　　鲜奶馒头 ：Steamed Bun with Milk
　　烤馒头 ：Baked Bun

白粥 ：Rice Congee
南瓜粥 ：Pumpkin Porridge
　　皮蛋瘦肉粥 ：Minced Pork Congee with Preserved Egg
　　小米粥 ：Millet Congee

北京鸡汤馄饨 ：Wonton in Chicken Soup, Beijing Style
　　鲜虾小馄饨 ：Shrimp Wonton
　　菜肉馄饨 ：Pork and Vegetable Wonton
　　鸡汤云吞 ：Chicken Wonton Soup
　　上汤云吞 ：Wonton Soup
　　红油抄手 ：Meat Dumplings in Spicy Sauce
　　四川龙抄手 ：Sichuan Style Wonton, Sichuan Style
扁食汤 ：Dumpling Soup

四川汤圆 ：Tangyuan，Sichuan Style
煎蛋卷 ：Omelets
　　炸羊肉串 ：Deep-Fried Lamb Kebabs

麻团 ：Fried Glutinous Rice Balls with Sesame
豆沙粽子 ：Zongzi Stuffed with Red Bean Paste （Glutinous Rice Wrapped in Bamboo Leaves）
油条 ：Youtiao（Deep-Fried Dough Sticks）
驴打滚 ：Lǘdagunr （Glutinous Rice Rolls with Sweet Bean Flour）

豆浆 ：Soybean Milk
　　豆腐脑儿 ：Jellied Tofu
油炸臭豆腐 ：Deep-Fried Fermented Tofu

马蹄西米花生糊 ：Cream Soup of Peanut with Water Chestnuts
　　蜜糖龟苓膏 ：Guiling Jelly （Chinese Herbal Jelly） Served with Honey
　 莲子红豆沙 ：Sweetened Red Bean Paste and Lotus Seeds

冰糖莲子银耳羹 ：Lotus Seeds and White Fungus Soup
　　冰糖银耳炖雪梨 ：Stewed Pear with White Fungus and Rock Candy