各种从句的引导词总表.doc

各种从句的引导词总表
各种从句引导词总表
一、如何选择定语从句的关系词
关系词
先行词
从句成分
例 句
备 注
关系代 词
who
人
缺少主语
Do you know the man who is talking with your mother？
whom， which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略,但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用that
whom
人
缺少宾语
Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am working
The boy (whom) she loved died in the war..
whose
人或物
缺少定语
I like those books whose topics are about history.
The boy whose father works abroad is my deskmate。
that
人或物
缺少主语,宾语
A plane is a machine that can fly. 缺少主语
She is the pop star （that) I want to see 【very much】. 缺少宾语
which
物
缺少主语，宾语
The book (which） I gave you was worth ＄10. 缺少宾语
The picture which was about the accident was terrible. 缺少主语
as
人或物
缺少主语，宾语
He is such a person as is respected【 by all of us】。 缺少主语
This is the same pen as I lost 【yesterday】。 缺少宾语
as做宾语一般不省略
关系副 词
when
时间
缺少时间状语
I will never forget the day【 when】 we met【 there】.
可用on which
where
地点
缺少地点状语
This is the house【 where】 I was born.
可用in which
why
原因
缺少原因状语
I can't imagine the reason 【why】he turned down my offer。
可用for which

二、如何使用宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句的引导词
引导词
作用
例句
That
相对不缺少成分；陈述语气
I knew that you were here [just now］.
If
Whether
相对不缺少成分；疑问语气
从句的谓语动词为:ask；question;wonder-—-
I doubt if\whether he can do it [well now].
What
Whatever
缺少主语，宾语,定语
（指物）

1。 You can be sure of what you have [at present]。
2。I sold for what was enough
3.He’s ready to accept （whatever） help he can
get.
Who
缺少主语，（指人)
I wanted to know who will come.
Whom
缺少宾语，（指人）
I don’t know whom you're waiting for.
When
缺少时间状语
He told me [when ]we would gather。
Where
缺少地点状语
Can you tell me ［where］he lived?
Why
缺少原因状语
He wanted to explained ［why］ he was late。
How
缺少方式状语
Can you tell me ［how] you want your tea?
Which
缺少定语，（指物、人）
He'll buy （which） book he is interested in.
whose
缺少定语,（指人)
She asked whose jacket it is.

三．并列句和状语从句的连接词

连

词

并
列
连
词

同等关系
and\both--—and
neither——-nor、 not only—--but also
转折关系
but\however\yet\while
选择关系
Or\either-—-or
因果关系
So\therefore

从
属
连
词

状
语
从
句

时间
when\while\since\as\till\until
before\after\whenever
地点
where\wherever
原因
because\as（由于)\since(既然）
条件
If\unless\so long as\in case
让步
Though\although\no matter-——\even if
方式
as（按照)\as if\as though
比较
as---as\not so-—-as
结果
So-——that\such——-that
目的
in order that

宾语从句类型 连接词种类 连接词 作用 动宾 
连接词 
that  whether  if 
 连接代词 who  whom  whose  what  Whoever  whomever  Whosoever，  whatever  whichever 
 连接副词 when  where  why  how  whenever  wherever  however 
 介宾 连接词 that  whether  if

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