高考核心词二.doc

物／做某事
bc due to应支付，应给予；应归于
due to因为；由于
The rent is _____ tomorrow．明天谊付房租了。
I think my long and active life must be _____to the healthy life I live．
我想自己之所以长寿而且精力充沛，要归功于我的健康生活。

ease [iːz]v. 减轻；缓解（难度或严重程度）n. 安适，容易
at ease白在；不拘束
with ease容易地，不费力地
I feel at ____ when I stay with Lucy当我与露西在一起时，我感到很自在。
He passed the exam with ____．他轻而易举地通过了考试。
拓展： easy adj.容易的；自在的；自如的
easily adv.容易地；轻松自如地
近义词组：at home舒适地，安闲地
（山东卷) I began to feel ____ in the new school when I saw some familiar faces.
A. at home B. at heart C. at will D. at sight
A

effect [ɪˈfekt] ①n．效果，作用②vt．引起，产生，使生效
When I was young, I didn't know much about the harmful_______ of smoking.
我年轻时，对吸烟的害处了解得不多。？
搭配 have a/an.…effect on对……有影响
come into effect生效
take effect见效，生效
in effect实际上；事实上
拓展：effective adj．有效的，生效的
efficient adj，效率高的

effort [ˈefət]n. 努力，艰难的尝试
搭配 make an effort to do努力做……
make every effort ( to do)尽全力／不遗余力(做)
spare no effort (to do)不遗余力做……
beyond effort力所不及
without effort毫不费力
The report shows that we are making some progress but that we need to make greater _____．
这份报告显示我们正在取得一些进步，但我们需要做出更大的努力。

either [ˈaɪðə(r)] ①a. 两方任一方的；二者之一 ②pron.两者之中任一③conj.或者;要么④adv（否定句末）也
eithcr.．．or．，，或者……或者……
not……either=neither两者都不……
1．（大纲全国卷）Jane won't join us for dinner tonight and _____.
A. neither won't Tom B. Tom won't either C. Tom will too D. so will Tom
2.(重庆卷)He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found _____of them again. A. neither 'B. either C. each D. all
BB
encourage [ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ] vt. 鼓励,鼓舞
搭配 encourage sb. to do sth．鼓励某人做某事
We _____ you to send both printed and online versions.我们鼓励你送印刷和网络两种样式。（北京卷）
拓展： encouragement n．鼓励，鼓舞

end [end] n. 末尾；终点；结束 v. 结束，终止
end in以……结尾，以……为结果
end up结束；以……结束
come to an end结束
bring/put an end to结束；终止
at the end of在……的末尾；在……尽头
by the end of到……末为止
on end倒立地；连续地
in the end最后，终于
make ends meet量人为出，使收支平衡
To our disappointment, the experiment _____ in failure．
令我们失望的是，实验以失败告终。
The original Venice carnival came to an _____ about 200 years ago.
最初的威尼斯狂欢节在大约200年前告终。
The Three Gorges is a hydro-electric project, which has brought an _____ to the danger of flooding. 三峡大坝是一项终止了洪灾危险的水电工程。
辨析:in the end; finally; eventually和at last谁能笑到“最后”
in the end用来表示经过许多变动、问题或踌躇之后某件事情的发生；
finally有两个意思：一是表示一系列事项中的最后一项，意为“最后”；二是经过长久等待后发'或实现的事情，置于动词前，意为“终于”；
eventually的用法与finally的第二屡含义相同；
at last有经过长时间等待或拖延的意思，意为“终于”，语气比较长。
拓展：ending n.结尾
endless adj.无穷的；无限的
（江西卷）Smell the flowers before you go to sleep, and you may just _____ sweet dreams.
A. keep up with B. put up with C. end up with D. catch up with
2. (天津卷) Joining the firm as a clerk, he got rapid promotion, and _____ as a manager.
A. ended up B. dropped out C. came back D. started off

energetic [enəˈdʒetɪk] a. 精力充沛的，精神饱满的
My father is lively and _______, but he is not very patient.
我的父亲性格开朗且精力旺盛，但不是很有耐心。

energy [ˈenədʒɪ] n. [U]精力; 能量; 能源
Mr Brown is always full of_______. 布朗先生总是精力充沛。
辨析:energy; strength; power和force 看看谁的“能量”大
energy主要指人的精力或自然界的能量、能源；
strength指人的力气或物的强度，也指强项、优点；
power主要指做一件事所依靠的能力、能量、人或机器等事物的潜在的或所能发挥出来的职权、权力或力最；
force主要指自然界的力量、暴力、武力、势力等。
试比较：
The_______ of the sun has been widely used now.现在太阳能已被广泛使用。
As the saying goes, " Unity is _______.” 俗话说得好，“团结就是力量。”
I'II do everything in my _______ to help that old lady. 我将尽我所能地去帮助那位老太太。
He did it with a great _______．
他用了很大的精力才把它做完。
（福建卷）一You are always full of _______. Can you tell mc the secret?
—Taking plenty of exercise every day.
A. power B. strength C. force D. energy
D
enjoy [ɪnˈdʒɔɪ] vt.欣赏；享受乐趣；喜欢
搭配 enjoy doing sth．喜欢做某事
enjoy oneself玩得愉快
Did you_______ yourself at the party? 聚会上你玩得快乐吗7
拓展： enjoyment n.乐趣；愉快
enjoyable adj.令人愉快的；有乐趣的
（山东卷）In this seaside resort, you can _______ all the comfort and convenience of modern tourism.
A．enjoy B. apply C．receive D．achieve

enough [ɪˈnʌf] n. 足够；充足 a. 足够；充分的 ad. 足够地；充分地
用法 ①enough作形容词修饰名词时，其位置可在名词前，也可在名词后。
②enough作副词修饰形容词或副词时，其位置只能在形容词或副词的后面。
The government has_______ money/ money_______ to help those suffering from the earthquake.政府有足够的钱帮助那些遭遇了地震的人们。
Although she did not know Boston well, she made her way easily _______ to the Home Circle Building. 尽管她对波士顿不是很熟，但她很容易地就找到了Home Circle Building。
sure enough果然
have had enough of对……厌烦，受够了
strangely enough说来奇怪

equal [ˈiːkw(ə)l] a.平等的 vt.等于，使等于
Mozi believed that all men were_______. 墨子认为所有的人都是平等的。
搭配 be equal to与……相等；能胜任
without equal尤与伦比；无敌，无比
equal sb．in…在……与某人匹敌
拓展：equally adv．平等地；均等地
equality n．平等
1．（天津卷）Fitness is important in sport，but of at least _______ importance are skills.
A. fair B. reasonable C. equal D. proper
2. (福建卷)Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be _______ respected.
A. especially B. equally C. naturally D. normally
3.(全国卷II)The island is _______ attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons.
A. partly B. merely C. nearly D. equally
CBD
escape [ɪˈskeɪp] v. 逃跑；逃脱; 被遗忘：被忽视；（气体、液体等）意外溢出②n．逃跑，逃避；漏出，逸出；解脱
I was in a prison from which no one _______．我曾在一个无人能选出的监狱里。
搭配escape doing sth.逃脱做某事
escape from从……逃脱／逃跑
辨析：escape与flee
escape指设法从某种危险中逃脱出来，强调逃脱的结果；
flee指仓皇逃离，强调逃跑的动作，但不一定成功。
试比较：
The enemy soldiers were _______ in all directions, but few of them could _______.
敌兵四处逃窜，但很少能逸出去。

evidence [ˈevɪdəns] n. 证据；根据
No one has yet discovered who is responsible for the incidents but police are already collecting _______．没有人发现事故的肇事者，但警察已经在搜集证据了。
搭配 evidence that．．．……的证据
拓展：evident adj，明显的
evidently adv．明显地，显然
It is evident (to sb.) that．．．（对恙人来说）很明显．．
It is _______ that more girls will have chances to go to school.
很明显更多的女孩将会有机会上学。
（天津卷）Modern science has given clear evidence _______ smoking can lead to many diseases.
A. what B. which C. that D. where
evidence; evident; C

except [ɪkˈsept]prep. 除……之外
Everybody _______ Helen saw the UFO.
除了海伦外，大家都看到了那个不明飞行物。
except for除了……
except that…… 除……之外
两个短语都用来表示理由或细节，修正前面所说的内容。
Everything was perfect _______ for the weather．除了天气外一切都很完美。
I know nothing about him _______ that he is from Australia．
除了知道他来自澳大利亚外，我对他一无所知。

exchange [ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ] ① v.交换；兑换；交流 ②n．[C，U]交换
There are visits and _______ between schools, theatre groups and sports teams．在学
校、剧团和体育队之间都有一些访问和交流活动。
If there had not been an _______ programme, he would not have found a sponsor to help him study abroad．如果没有这个交流项目的话，他就不能找到赞助者赞助他去国外学习。
搭配 in exchange for交换
exchange for sth．换取某物
exchange with sb．与某人交换
1. (山东卷) I have offered to paint the house _______ a week's accommodation.
A. in exchange for B. with regard to C. by means of D. in place of
2. (湖北卷) It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money _______ favors to them.
A. in preference to B. in place of C. in agreement with D. in exchange for
exchanges; exchange; A;D

expect [ɪkˈspekt] vt. 预料；盼望
expect后接so/not，意为“料想，认为”，常见于交际用语中。
-Are you going out tonight? 你今晚要出去吗？
-I _______ SO．我想会吧。
搭配 expect to do sth．盼望／期望做某事
expect……to do sth. 期望……做某事
拓展： expectation n. 期待；期盼，预料
1. (湖北卷) Duty is an act or a course of action that people _______ you to take by social customs, law or religion.
A. persuade B. request C. instruct D. expect
2. (四川卷) You've failed to do what you _____ to and I'm afraid the teacher will blame you.
A. will expect B. will be expected C. expected D. were expected
DD

expose [ɪkˈspəʊz; (US) ekspəˈzeɪ] vt．暴露；揭露
搭配 be exposed to暴露于
expose…to… 使……暴露于……之下／中
But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people _______ to cholera.
但当他一想到要帮助受到霍乱威胁的普通百姓时，他就感到很振奋。
Being _______ to too much strong sunlight will do harm to our skin．
长时间暴露于太强的阳光下对我们的皮肤有害。
exposed; exposed;

face [feɪs] ①vt．面对 ②n.脸，面孔
France is Europe's third largest country and _______ the United Kingdom across the English Channel．法国是欧洲第三大国，它隔着英吉利海峡与英国相望。
搭配 be faced with面对
face to face面对面（作状语）
face- to-f ace面对面（作定语）
make faces做鬼脸
face up to勇敢地对付／接受
in (the) face of面对，面临
1．（四川卷）_______ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time.
A. Faced B. Face C. Facing D. To face
2. We _______ the difficulty together, but why didn't you tell me?
A. should face B. might face C. could have faced D. must have faced
faces; A; C

fact [fækt] n.[C]事实，真相
用法： fact后常接that引导的同位语从句。
He refuses to face the fact that he has failed and kills himself in the end.
他拒绝面对自己失败的事实，最终自杀了。（山东卷）
搭配 in fact实际上
as a matter of fact事实上
辨析：fact； reality；truth
fact事实，指客观存在的情况；
reality现实；
truth真理，真相。
试比较：
The film is based on historical _______.这部电影以历史事实为基础。
He is no longer able to tell fantasy from _______. 他无法区分幻想和现实。
I didn't tell him the _______ of the incident．我没有告诉他事件的真相。

(江西卷) The fact has worried many scientists _______ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.
A. what B. which C. that D. though
fact; reality; truth; C

fall /fa:l/①v. 落下；跌落；降落 ②n．跌落；降落；（美）秋季
搭配 fall asleep入睡
fall back 落后
fall behind 落后；落在……后面
fall down 倒下；落下
fall ill 生病
fall in love with 与……相爱；爱上…．
fall off 掉下；跌落
He's got so much energy. This is one class you do not _______ asleep in!
他精力充沛，这是一节你不会入睡的课！
The boy _______ down and began to cry. 男孩跌倒了，开始哭了起来。
If I hadn't _______ in love with writing at the age of thirty,1 wouldn't be so successful now.
要是我在30岁时没爱上写作的话，我现在就不会这么成功。

familiar [fəˈmɪlɪə(r)]a. 熟悉的
搭配 sth．be familiar to sb． 事／某物为某人所熟知
sb．be/becomes/gets familiar with sth.某人对某事／某物熟悉／精通
They were so popular that their fans formed clubs in order to get more familiar ______ them．他们如此受欢迎，以至于他们的粉丝们为了更加熟悉他们而成立了俱乐部。
Chinese literature is familiar ______ him. 他熟知中国文学。
with; to

far [fɑː(r)] (farther, farthest 或further , furthest) ①adj. 远的；遥远的：
②adv. 远；比……得多（接比较级）
搭配 as/so far as远到；就……而言
by far大大地；……得多
far and wide到处；各处
far away遥远的
far from远离；远非；远不
so far到目前为止（通常用于现在完成时的句子中）
It's ____ from being a part-time job.这完全不像做兼职工作那样轻松。
It's been very successful so ____. 迄今为止还是很成功的。
1．（江苏卷）So far we have done a lot to build a low-carbon economy, but it is ____ ideal. We have to work still harder.
A. next to B. far from C. out of D. due to
2．（全国卷Ⅱ）Progress____ so far very good and we are sure that the work will be finished on time.
A. was B. had been C. has been D. will be

favour ['feivə] (美favor) ①vt.＆vi.偏爱;有利于 ②n.[C]帮助,恩惠；[U]赞同;偏爱;特别照顾
搭配 in favour of 持，赞同
do sb.a favour = do a favour of sb. 帮某人一个忙
ask sb. a favour = ask a favour of sb. 请某人帮忙
Is it in ______ of cloning or against it? 它是赞成克隆还是反对克隆？
Can I ask you a ______ ？我可以请你帮个忙吗？

（湖北卷）When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside ______ younger men.
A. in terms of B. in need of C. in favor of D. in praise of
favour; favour; C

fear [fɪə(r)] ①v. 害怕，担心②n. 害怕；恐惧； 担忧
搭配 fear to do sth．害怕做某事
fear for担心……安全
in fear of害怕，担心，为……提心吊胆
for fear of唯恐，以免（发生危险）
for fear that.唯恐……，生怕……（接句子）
with fear害怕地，恐惧地
He got to the station early, for ______ of missing his train．
他很早去了车站，唯恐误了火车。
1 woke，shaking with ______. 我浑身颤抖着吓醒了。

feel (felt, felt) [fiːl] ①v.触,摸;觉得;认为;感觉到②link v.摸起来，手感③n.[U]触摸，感觉
用法 ①feel作连系动词时，后接形容词或形容词化的过去分词作表语。
②feel后可接省略to的不定式或现在分词作宾语补足语。
The girl_____ very disappointed at the news．听到这个消息，女孩感到很失望。
We _____ the house shake just now.刚才我们感觉房子晃了一下。
I could _____ the warm wind blowing on my face．我能感觉到温暖的风迎面吹来。
搭配 feel one's way摸索着前进
feel at home无拘无束
提示：feel意为“摸起来”，是连系动词，后接形容词作表语，无被动语态。

辨析：feel与touch“摸”的感觉不一样
feel指有意识地触摸、抚摸，强调动作；
touch指无意中碰到、触到，强调结果。
试比较：
Mother is_____ the baby's face.妈妈在抚摸婴儿的脸。
He _____ the hot pot by chance and burnt his hand．
他无意中碰了一下那个热罐子，结果烫伤了手。
辨析：feel like与would like “想”的不一样
feel like后接doing作宾语；
would like后接动词不定式作宾语。
试比较：
-Do you _____ going to the cinema tonight?今晚你想去看电影吗？
-No．I _____ to watch TV． 不想。我想看电视。
（四川卷）Lydia doesn't feel like _____ abroad. Her parents are old.
A. study B. studying C. studied D. to study
felt; felt; feel; 辨析：feeling; touched； feel like; would like

figure [ˈfɪɡə(r); (US) ˈfɪgjər] ①vt.＆vi．计算；计划；打算；预料到；认为，认定
②n．[C]数字；人物；人影，轮廓；身材，体形
搭配 figure out计算出；解决；弄明白，理解
figure on预料；指望
Please help me _____ out the cost of my trip to Japan．请帮我计算出我去日本旅游的费用。
(湖北卷) The present situation is very complex, so I think it will take me some time to _____ its reality.
A. make up C. look through B. figure out D. put off

find [faɪnd] (found, found) vt. 找到，发现，感到；认为；（律）判决，裁决
搭配 find out发现，查明；看穿，猜出
find fault with对……过分挑剔，吹毛求疵
In most places, you don't have to take a gift to a party——but find out first !
在大多数地方，参加聚会不必带礼物——但你得事先弄明白！
The boss was always _______ fault with me, so I left．老板总是对我吹毛求疵，于是我辞职了。
find + oneself +宾补
When he opened his eyes, he _______ himself lying on the beach.
他睁开眼睛，发现自己躺在沙滩上。
（浙江卷）Even the best writers sometimes find themselves _______ for words.
A. lose B. lost C. to lose D. having lost

fit /fit/ ①vt.＆vi.适合,合身 ②adj.适合的,合格的;健康的,健壮的 ③n.适合,合身(的衣服)
搭配 be fit for适合于……
be fit to do适合做……
keep fit保持健康
fit in 适应；相融合
fit in with适应；符合
辨析：fit; suit与match哪个更“适合”
I'll change my timetable to ______ in with yours．我会改一下我的时间表，以便与你的一致。
fit指大小、尺寸合适，引申为“吻合，协调”；
suit指颜色、质地、口味、身份、时间、场合等适合；
match指物与物相配。
试比较：
The suit ______ you well, but its colour doesn't you. Besides, the tie doesn't it．
这套西服你穿着很舍身，但颜色不适合你。而且，领带也不能与之相配。
(山东卷) Amy joined a painting group but didn't seem to ______, so she left.
A. show off B. go up C. fit in D. come over

flexible /'fleksabl/ adj．灵活的；有柔韧性的；柔软的；易弯曲的
You need to be more ______ and imaginative in your approach.
你的方法必须更加灵活，更富有想象力。
（山东卷）Mothers holding jobs outside the home should have ______ schedules to make it easier to care for their children.
A. heavy B. smooth C. flexible D. complex

focus [ˈfəʊkəs] ①v. 聚焦于；集中(注意力、精力等）于 ②n．重点，焦点，重心
focus on聚焦……；集中（注意力、精力）于…．．
The ______ of attention has changed since the incident．自这次事件后，关注的重点改变了。
They ______ on keeping their soil rich and free of disease．
他们关心的是保持土壤肥沃并且免受病害。
(江苏卷) George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I'd rather he more on its culture.
A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused

forbid [fəˈbɪd] (forbade, forbidden) vt. 禁止，不许
forbid (sb./sb’s) doing sth．禁止（某人）做某事
forbid sb.／sth. to do sth．禁止某人／某物做某事
He ______ talking loudly in the classroom. 他不准在教室里大声喧哗。
Mother ______ us to smoke and drink. 母亲不准我们吸烟、喝酒。
辨析：forbid，ban与prohibit谁的“禁止”力度大
forbid是普通用词，指个人禁止做某事；
ban语气最重，指权威机关的正式禁止，这种禁止可以是正面的，也可以是反面的；
prohibit指用法律或法令来禁止某些事情。
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