2023年北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试真题.doc
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1、北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试.05.11Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresp
2、onding letter on the Answer Sheet. Passage 1 Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage: Is that 6 a.m. workout getting in the way of good sleep? Dont think your fat cellswont notice. A new study published in The Annals of Internal Medicine (a medicaljournal) finds that inadequate shut-eye
3、has a harmful effect on fat calls, reducing theirability to respond to insulin (胰岛素) by about 30 percent. Over the long-term,thisdecreased response could set-the stage for type-2 diabetes (a medical condition in which someone has too much sugar in his or her blood), fatty liver disease and weight ga
4、in. The study adds to a growing body of evidence that theres“an intimate relationship between the amount of sleep we get and our ability to maintain a good,healthy body weight”says sleep expert Helene Emsellem,director of the Center for Sleep and Wake Disorders in Chevy Chase,Maryland. (76) But Amer
5、icans dont seem to be getting the message that we need seven to nine hours per night. More than 1 in 5 of us,according to a report form the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,is getting six or fewer hours of sleep per night,on average.So how did researchers study fat cells in the Annals pape
6、r? Matthew Brady of the University of Chicago and a group of colleagues selected and persuaded seven volunteers to take part in the research project. They were all young,thin and healthy and agreed to sleep for eight nights in a sleep lab. “For four nights they were allowed to stay in bed for 8.5 ho
7、urs a night,” says Brady. Then ,a month later,they came back for four additional nightsbut this time they were allowed just 4.5 hours of sleep per night. And after each visit,researchers got a sample of their fat.(77) Brady explains that the fat cells responded significantly to the loss of sleep. “I
8、 was very surprised to be honest,”he says.Bad things can happen when fat cells become less responsive to insulin. “Fat cells are actually your friend,”he says.“Theyre there to store lipids(血脂).”When lipids stay inside the cells,your body can utilize the fat when youre exercising or sleeping or going
9、 about your day.“However,when fat cells start to become insulin resistant,the lipids start to leach out of the fat cells and rise in the bloodstream,” Brady says.1. According to the passage,lack of the sleep for a long while can probably lead to all of the following EXCEPT_. 第一段最终一句A. heart disease
10、B. weight gain C. diabetes D. liver disease2. The main idea of the third paragraph is_. 第一句 A. how to write a medical research paper B. how to avoid sleep loss C. how the research was conducted D. how to conduct a medical experiment3. What does the word “leach” in the last paragraph probably mean? A
11、. Leap B. Lead. C. Lead. D. Leak. 泄露4. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?A. We will be in trouble if our fat cells become less responsive to insulin.B. More and more studies are done to study the link between sleep and weight. C. More than 20% of Americans are net getting e
12、nough sleep. D. Fat cells are there to help us maintain a good health.5. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?A. Poor Sleep May Lead to Too Much Stored Fat and Disease B. Sleep Experts Had Exciting Findings in a Fat Study C. Americans Should Have More Than Six Hours of Sle
13、epD. Bad Things Happen if Fat Cells Become Our Friend这篇短文讲睡眠旳重要性,局限性旳睡眠会引起种种不良旳后果。76句旳翻译是:不过美国人似乎仍不明白:我们每晚需要7至9小时旳睡眠。77句旳翻译是:布莱德解释说:脂肪细胞对睡眠旳减少会产生强烈旳反应。1至5题旳答案是:ACDDBPassage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage: The top of the world is a wonderland. In winter, the temperature often f
14、alls to -30 and the sun never rises. The ocean is surrounded by frozen ground. There are few people or trees, but to polar bears, the Arctic (北极) is home. (78) Polar bears have thick fur,big paws and other features that make them wellprepared for life in their tough environment. In fact,they need th
15、e Arctic sea ice for survival. But climate change is causing larger and larger areas of summer sea ice to melt (融化). Experts say that if warming patterns continue,the Arctic could be free of summer sea ice by 2050.They may cause two-thirds of the worlds 20,000 polar bears to be gone by then too. Pol
16、ar bears cant survive for long on land. Seals are their main source of food. The only place where polar bears can hunt seals is on the ice.(79) Although these bears are strong swimmers, they are no match for lightning swift seals in the water. A polar bear has brilliantly clever strategies to overco
17、me this disadvantage. In winter the bear waits motionless beside a seals breathing hole,which is a narrow tunnel through the ice. Often many hours pass before the seal comes up for air and the bear kills it with a powerful blow of its paw. In summer, the polar bears that live on land eat very little
18、 and wait for the sea ice to return. With the sea ice forming later in the year and melting earlier,polar bears do not have enough opportunity to hunt and eat. Less sea ice makes it harder for the bears to catch the seals. The bears must swim longer distances between ice packs(大片浮冰),and they cant al
19、ways make it. The ice is also getting thinner. These conditions can cause polar-bear cubs to become separated form their mothers, who provide them with food. Steven Amstrup is the chief scientist of Polar Bears International. The group aims to save the bears and their home. “The more people who see
20、polar bears and understand their difficult situation, the better the chance well alter our warming path in time to save them,” he says.6. Which is the best title for the passage? A. Climate Change in the Arctic B. How to Protect the Environment C. The Arctic Is Home to Polar Bears D. Polar Bears in
21、Danger7. Where do polar bears usually hunt seals?A. On land. B. In open watar. C. In openings in the sea ice. D. At the bottom of the sea.8. The word “cubs” in the fourth paragraph is closest in meaning to_. A. adults B. babies C. hunters D. enemies9. According to the passage, which of the following
22、 statements is TRUE? A. Starving polar bears are increasingly coming into villages, where they may be killed either for food or safety. B. Polar bears can spend their entire lives on land if the sea ice melts completely. C. Two-thirds of the worlds polar bears may disappear by 2050 as global warming
23、 continues. D. The growing distance between ice packs is not a problem for polar bears, because they are excellent swimmers.10. Whats the mission of Polar Bears International? A. Saving energy. B. Conducting scientific research.C. Seeking international cooperation. D. Saving polar bears and their ho
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