语法专题一定语从句复习.doc

启东 上品教育 定语从句专项练习
语法复习定语从句
Revision: The Attributive Clause
前提测评：（找出先行词和定语从句）
(1)I don’t believe the news which /that /he told me .
(2)The reason why he was late for class was that he overslept.
(3)I’d like a room whose window looks out over the sea.
(4)I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.
(5)zoo is a place where you can see all kinds of animals .
(6)Anyone who wins the first prize has the chance to go abroad.

定语从句是英语语法学习中的一大难关，也是高考中的常考点。主要考查引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词的选择；非限制性定语从句(特别是当先行词是整个句子时)，由“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句等。做有关定语从句题目时，一定要将先行词还原到从句里，看其在从句部分充当什么成分。
1　　关系代词和关系副词的基本用法

关系代词

指人
指物

主
语
宾
语
定
语
表
语
主
语
宾
语
定
语
表
语
that，who
that，who，
whom
(可省)
whose
that
that，
which
that，
which
(可省)
whose
that
关系副词

时间
地点
原因

when
＝介词＋which
where
＝介词＋which
why
＝for which

[注]学习定语从句时，必须加强对从句句子结构的分析，切记关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语和表语，而关系副词在定语从句中作状语。

用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空：
①I still remember the day ________ we studied together.
I still remember the day ________ we spent together.
②This is the factory ________ he used to work.
This is the factory ________ we visited yesterday.
This is the factory ________ makes this kind of car.
③This is the reason ________ he explained.
This is the reason ________ he failed in the exam.
④I don't know the way ________ he found last time.
I don't know the way ________ he solved the problem last time.
2　　介词＋关系代词
介词后只能用which指物，whom 指人，不可用that。介词的选用可根据从句中相关词组确定，也可结合句意根据先行词确定。该介词也可放在从句之尾。
用适当的“介词＋关系代词”填空：
①He is the person ________ we should learn.②The bag ________ he put his books is lost.
③The man ______ she is talking is a doctor.④The train ________ he was travelling was late.
3　　关系代词 as的用法
用于限制性定语从句中：当先行词被so，as，such，the same所修饰时，关系代词用as指人或物，而不用which。
用于非限制性定语从句中： 非限制性定语从句，特别是先行词是整个主句时，由which和as引导的非限制性定语从句，是高考命题的热点。
[注] as引导的非限制性定语从句与which引导的非限制性定语从句的区别：as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句前、插在主句中间或放在主句末尾，而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句后面；as引导的从句有“正如”之意，而which则没此意。
用适当的关系词填空：
①This is such a heavy bag ________ I can't carry.
This is such a heavy bag ________ I can't carry it.
②I want to buy the same pen ________ you have.
This is the same place ________ I visited three years ago.
This is the same place ________ I worked three years ago.
③He failed in the exam，________ made his father very angry.
He failed in the exam，________ I had expected.
④A lot of language learning, ________ has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.
4　　并列句和非限制性定语从句的判断
并列句是由两个简单句组成的，句子中间必须要有并列连词；而定语从句是由主句和从句构成的。 完成下列句子：
①He has two brothers, and both of ________ are workers.
He has two brothers, both of ________ are workers.
②China has hundreds of islands，the largest of ________ is Taiwan.
China has hundreds of islands，and the largest of ________ is Taiwan.
③He may not come, in ________ case we will not wait for him.
He may not come and in ________ case we will not wait for him.
5　　先行词模糊化
表地点的先行词模糊化在句中作状语时用关系副词where，相当于in which；在句中作主语和宾语仍用关系代词。常见的词有：point，situation，position，profession，job，case，system，scene，activity，society，culture，strategy，model，accident，economy，crime等；常见的表时间的词有：period，occasion，stage，interval，stay等。
用适当的关系词填空：
①This is one point ________ we must insist on.
I have reached a point in my life ________ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.
②Occasions are quite rare ________ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.
6　　定语从句中的数要保持一致
关系代词指代的是先行词，因此定语从句中的谓语在数上应与先行词保持一致。
完成下列句子：
①Those who ______(break) the law should be punished.
＝Anyone who _____(break)the law should be punished.
＝Whoever ________(break) the law should be punished.
②He is one of the students who ________praised at yesterday's meeting.
He is the one of the students who ________praised at yesterday's meeting.
7　　定语从句中含有插入语
定语从句和先行词之间常常会有I think，you know，I believe，I thought 等插入语。做此类题目时，我们要先去除插入语，再选择正确的关系词。
完成下列句子：
①This is the school ________ you know I once studied.
②I picked up a man __ I thought was honest.＝I picked up a man ___ I thought to be honest.
③He made a discovery, ________(我认为) is very important.
8　　只能用that 或which的情况
只用that 的场合：
①当先行词既指人又指物时。
②当先行词是不定代词anything，nothing，everything，all，some，little，few，much，none 或被不定代词修饰时。③当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词所修饰时。
④当先行词被the only和the very所修饰时。⑤当先行词在定语从句中作表语时。
⑥当要避免与疑问词which重复时。
只用which 的场合：
① 介词＋which”，指物。 ②非限制性定语从句中。 ③防止重复。
④指人的性质身份时，而不是指人时。
用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空：
①He told us all ________ had happened.
②This is the most interesting film________ I have ever seen.
③This is the first place ________ we visited yesterday.
This is the first place ________ we worked.
④This is the only plant ________ grows in the area.
The earth is unlikely to be the only planet ________ life has developed gradually.
⑤The glasses without ________ he couldn't see clearly were lost.
① I said nothing, ________ made him angry.
9　　关系代词whose的用法
在高考中，关系代词whose的考点频繁出现。在定语从句中，作定语的关系代词用whose，在表示某物时，相当于the＋n.＋of which 或of which＋the＋n.。
用适当的关系词填空：
①Do you know the man in ________ car she came here?
②The man pulled out a gold watch，________ hands were made of small diamonds.
＝The man pulled out a gold watch, the hands of ________ were made of small diamonds.
＝The man pulled out a gold watch, of ________ the hands were made of small diamonds.
10　　找准先行词
一般说来，定语从句是跟在它所修饰的先行词之后，但有时也会出现先行词和定语从句被一个词或一个短语所分隔，或者谓语太短等情况，这时我们要根据定语从句的句意判断哪一个词是先行词。 用适当的关系词填空：
①I've become good friends with several of the students in my school ________ I met in the English speech contest last year.
②She'll never forget her stay there ________ she found her son who had gone missing two years before.
② The days are gone ________ we used the foreign oil.
11　　“the one＋that/which/where”和that，which，where的区别
完成下列句子：
①Is this the museum ________ you visited last year?
Is this museum ________ you visited last year?
②Is this museum ________ you worked last year?
Is this the museum ________ you worked last year?
12　　from where和since when结构的区别
完成下列句子：
①They stood at the window，from ________ they could see what was happening in the street.
②The book was written in 1946, since ________ the education system has witnessed great changes.
13　　定语从句和独立主格结构
①He wrote four books, all of ________ translated into English.
He wrote four books, all of ________ were translated into English.
②I came to a garden, ________ owner seated on a bench.
I came to a garden, ________ owner was seated on a bench.
14. 定语从句和强调句型
强调句的构成和判断：
“It is/was＋被强调的部分(时间状语/地点状语/原因状语/方式状语/名词/代词/从句)＋that(指人可用who)＋句子的其余部分”。如：
It was because he was ill that he was absent.
强调句中的that只是一个单纯的连词，而定语从句中的that在从句中是要充当主语、宾语或表语的。
①It was on the farm________ they visited ________ they got to know.
A. where; that B. which; when C. that; that D. which; which
②It was about 600 years ago ____the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.
A. that B. until C. before D. when

1. (2015·江苏卷)The number of smokers, ________ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
A. it B. which C. what D. as
2. (2015·浙江卷)Creating an atmosphere ______ employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.
A. as B. whose C. in which D. at which
3. (2015·陕西卷)As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time ________ he should be able to be independent.
A. which B. where C. whom D. when
4. (2014·江苏卷)The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work ________ a good impression is a must.
A. which B. when C. as D. where
5. (2014·江西卷)Among the many dangers ________ sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog.
A. which B. what C. where D. when
6. (2014·陕西卷)Please send us all the information ________ you have about the candidate for the position.
A. that B. which C. as D. what
7. (2014·重庆卷)We'll reach the sales targets in a month ________ we set at the beginning of the year.
A. which B. where C. when D. what
8. (2014·安徽卷)The exact year ________ Angola and her family spent together in China was 2008.
A. when B. where C. why D. which
9. (2013·江苏卷)The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China，________ he remembers starting as early as his childhood.
A. where B. which C. what D. when
10. (2013·浙江卷)The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform________ visitors can watch the big glass houses being built.
A. what B. where C. when D. why
课后练习
1． I've read many stories of Lei Feng，________this is the most touching one.
A．who 　　　　　B．of which C．of whom D．that
2．Reading books，________takes the reader to other worlds，is a wonderful way to enjoy life.
A．that B．What C．as D．which
3．This was returned because the person________this letter was addressed had died three
years ago.
A．to whom B．to which C．which D．whom
4．On the second floor there are two rooms，________is used
as a meeting room.
A．the larger of which B．one of them
C．the larger one of that D．the largest of which
5．—Do you have anything to say for yourselves?
—Yes，there's one point________we must insist on.
A．why B．Where C．how D．/
6．Following the girl，we went into a hall，on________walls hung a few pictures of some
famous scientists.
A．its B．Which C．whose D．those
7．These old pictures bring to their mind the college days________they spent together，
________life was hard but happy。
A．when；whose B．which；whose
C．which；when D．when；which
8．Everyone will go through life's stages of ups and downs，________self­respect plays a key
role in the maturity of a person.
A．when B．Which C．as D．that
9．There were several messages from people，most of________I didn't know，on my answeri
ng machine when I got home.
A．those B．Which C．whom D．them
10．The reason________he was late was________he had to send his grandma to a hospital.
A．that；why B．why；because
C．why；that D．that；because
11．Every summer，the beautiful town welcomes top buskers，or street performers，______
they're called，from all over the world.
A．as B．That C．which D．what
12．Remember that there is still one point________we must make clear at the conference
tomorrow.
A．where B．Why C．when D．that
13．The mountain，______the peak is hardly seen，is the highest mountain in the area.
A．whose B．Which C．of which D．that

14．That e­book is no larger than an ordinary book with a screen______you can read novels.
A．in which B．of which C．that D．where
15．Mount Huangshan is such an attractive place of interest________everyone likes to visit.
A．as B．That C．which D．what
16.It is reported that two schools, both of ____are being built in my hometown, will open next year.
A. that                      B. which                  C. them           D. those
17.—How much do you have in your pocket?
—150 yuan, all of ____ came from my grandma.
A. which B. them C. it D. that
18.Jack, ____ everyone can see, is an honest child.
A. which B. that C. that D. as
19.The size of the audience, ____ we had expected, was well over 20,000.
A. as B. where C. which D. why
20.Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, ______, of course, make all the others upset.
A. who B. which C. what D. the
21.Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, ____ is a stupid thing to do in such weather.
A. this B. that C. what D. which
22.He is reading the book ____he borrowed from the library yesterday.
 A. whose B. where C. which   D. as
23.You’ll find taxis waiting at the bus station ____ you can hire to reach your host family.
A. which    B. where C. when D. as
24.Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _______ the audience can buy ice-cream.
A. when B. where C. that D. which
25.Occasions are quite rare I have the time to spend a day with my kids.
A. who B. which C. why D. when
26.Do you know the speed ____ the car is running?
A. at which B. which C. with which D. that
27. By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, appeared a rare rainbow soon.
A. which B. on which C. that D. above which
28.While driving through the city, she showed me the building ____ she once worked as a lift operator.
A. among which   B. which C. in which  D. that
29.The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs ______ they are being trained.
A. that    B. for which   C. which D. about which
30.Life is like a long race _____we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.
A. why B. what C. that D. where

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