短文填空专练.doc

短文填空专练
一．如何做短文填空题。题型要求：根据短文的内容及上下文意思，在空格中填入一个意思，语法正确的单词形式。这实际上是完形填空的变体，但比完形填空更难。它没有选项的提示，只是文章内容的暗示，如果没有读懂短文的意思，就无法做这种题。它综合了词汇，句型，语法各方面的知识，主要考察考生对篇章理解能力及对词汇，语法和习惯用法等的掌握情况。考生要在读懂全文的基础上，填出符合句意和语法的词。短文的题材很多，有故事，科普小品，风土人情，人物，文化，体育等，一般以故事性题材为主，少科普性，否则会更难。考查的内容也相当广泛，但常以动词（同义词区别及形式），介词，形容词（副词）的级，名词的数，习惯用语的搭配，连词（含引导词）等为主。短文缺词填空是要求学生在正确理解和把握文章意思的基础上，通过分析行文线索来填写空缺单词的一种考查形式。它是考查学生综合运用英语思维能力的一种有效方法。要解答好这类短文填空题，做到事半功倍，需要掌握一定的方法与技巧。技巧：①.根据语法知识进行推测：对于考查语法知识的考题，不仅要理解上下文的逻辑关系，更要有针对性地对语法结构、句式特点，句子成分（主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语等哪一成分，哪些词性可以作这些成分，再根据所缺词的词义确定该词性的词。）进行分析，进行合理推测，从而迅速判断出正确的词义。②.运用词汇知识进行判断：短文填空题中对词汇知识的考查，主要集中在词语的搭配和同义词的辨析两大方面。③从习惯用法、固定搭配和词与词之间的修饰方面考虑词性:名词的修饰词可能是---形容词、名词、数词、代词、冠词等。形容词的修饰词可能是----副词、定冠词、序数词等。形容词也属于修饰词----用来修饰名词或代词的，在句子中可作定语、表语和宾语补足语等。动词的修饰词可能是----情态动词、助动词、副词等。副词属于修饰词----主要修饰形容词、动词、其他副词以及句子等。习惯用法、固定搭配----（熟记就可）④填词时应注意词形，不可简单地都填原形词。如在句首，还要考虑其首字母的大写。在词的形式方面：如果所确定的词是名词、动词、形容词、副词，应该考虑这些词的相应的形式。名词的单数、复数和所有格形式；动词的六种形式（时态和语态）—do, does, doing, did, done, to do;形容词和副词的三级形式。如果所给词是代词，则应考虑代词的主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词和反身代词等五种形式。
二．练习展示：根据短文内容，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在题后有标号的横线上，写出空缺处所填单词的完整形式。（每空一词）
A . We have learned English 1.______________some years.And most of us can read English books and magazines without
teachers’2._________________. We often feel great when we finish 3.____________an English story or a whole book by ourselves.But how can we be a good reader?
It’s 4.________________to choose books that are suitable(合适的) for us. Then what books are suitable? Well,I think we should first choose books neither too difficult 5._____________too easy.Then when we are reading,we should never let new words take too much attention(注意) from the main idea of the story.Just do as we often do in our language.While we are reading,try to 6._____________the meaning of the new words,and decide which words we could guess and which words we have to look 7.____________in the dictionary.
If we follow the 8._____________above,we will be successful.

B . Australia is a beautiful country.We stay here for four days.We enjoy 1.__________here. Australia is the sixth largest
country in the 2.__________.There are so many interesting things that we can’t tell you everything.Sydney is one of the most beautiful 3.____________in Australia.There are quite a 4.___________big trees and flowers around the houses and they look really beautiful.There are also some special 5._____________in Australia,such 6.____________kangaroos and koalas.They are really lovely.初中英语短文填空
In the past four days,we have visited many places of 7.__________around Sydney. I 8.___________like to spend more time here,but we have to fly to 9.___________city,Cairns,to see coral reefs(珊瑚礁) tomorrow.People there say they are the most beautiful corals.Many films were made there.Now we are busy 10.____________the tickets to the cinema.We can’t wait to see the film tomorrow.
C . All over the world,people enjoy sports.Sports play a(n) 1.____________part in our life.Wherever you are,you can
2.___________different kinds and jumping.Chinese kungfu,for example,has a very long history. 3.___________basketball And volleyball are new. Neither has a history of two hundred years.
Sports help people get healthier and healthier and live 5._____________. Lots of people take 6.__________in sports and play games.But some people like to watch others 7._____________sports.In order to watch the games,some people buy
tickets or turn 8.____________their TVs at home.They don’t go to bed 9.___________the games are over.When their favorite player gets the first or their favorite team wind,they often get very 10._______________.

D .Getting to a place can sometimes be difficult,especially(特别)when you are going to a place for the 1._________ time. In big cities,many people 2.____________buses,trains or subways to travel from one place to 3.___________.Taking buses is a popular 4.____________to go somewhere.But you need to know 5.___________bus to take and where you can get on.You also need to be able to 6.___________the timetable right,so you can take the right bus and reach your place on 7._______________.At last,you need to know where to get 8.__________and tell the driver the name of the station. In the countryside,transportation can be a lot simpler.In some places,people go to school or work 9.________boat.Some children go in long boats on the river to go to school.In 10.___________places,students walk to school.

E .Pandas live on 1.____________. Pandas grow quickly but the bamboo forests are getting smaller. There is not 2.____________food to feed them.What’s more,pandas 3.___________have many babies.So pandas are in 4._________.Now scientists are doing a 5.____________of research to 6.___________them to produce more babies.At the same time,the government is 7._____________up nature parks and is developing other plans to help pandas.Pandas born in zoos may go back to the wild.The World Wide Found For Nature(WWF)chose the panda as its 8.____________.It wants to protect all the animals. All of us don’t want to 9.__________tigers,or any other animals, 10.________WWF is working hard to save them all.

G .Steven Job,the designer(设计者0 of the Apple computer,wasn’t smart when he was in school.At that time,he wasn’t a good student.He always 1.__________troubles with his classmates.When he went into college,he didn’t changea lot.Then he dropped out(退学)，but he was still 2.___________of new ideas. After he left college,Steven Jobs worked 3.__________a video game designer.He worked there for only several months and then he went to India.He hoped that the trip would give him some new ideas and give him a change in 4.____________. Steven lived 5.__________a farm in California for a year 6.__________he returned from India. In 1975, he 7._________to make a new type of computer.He designed the Apple computer with his friend in this garage(车库)。He chose the name”Apple”just 8.__________it could help him to remember a happy summer that he once spent in an apple tree garden. His Apple computer was 9.________successful that Steven Jobs soon became famous all 10.___________the world.