名词性从句的要点.doc

名词性从句的要点

一、 that可省略的情况：单个宾语从句中的that可省略
that不可省略的情况：
主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、用it做形式宾语的宾语从句、并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的引导词that不能省略

实战：下列句子要不要that
1. I don’t think _______ she is coming.
2. It is a pity _______ he has made such a mistake.
3.The reason is _______ he is careless.
4. The news _______ our team won the match inspired us.
5. I think it necessary _____ you should read English aloud.
6. He told me ______ his father had died and _____ he had to make a living alone.

二、if和whether的选用
不能使用if 的情况: a. 主语从句 b. 表语从句 c. 同位语从句 d. 介词后的宾语从句 e. whether to do 做动词宾语不能用if to do.（动词不定式前面） f. 与 or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if.（whether or not)

实战：选填if还是whether
1. I asked her __________ she had a bike.
2. ________ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.
3. We’re worried about ________ he is safe.
4. I don’t know ___________ he is well or not.
5. I don’t know ________ or not he is well.
6. The question is ________ he should do it.
7. The doctor can hardly answer the question ________ the old man will recover soon.
8. I haven’t decided _______ to go there.

三、that 和what 的选用
that 和 what 都可引导所有的名词性从句。但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可作从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。

实战：选填that还是what
1. ______ he wants is a book.
2. ______ he wants to go there is obvious.
3. The result is ______ we won the game.
4. This is _____ we want to know.
5. Is _____ he told us true?
6. We should pay attention to ______ the teacher is saying.
7. I have no doubt _____ he will come.
8. I have no idea ____ he did that afternoon.

四、其它连接代词和副词的使用：
主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义，正确的选择 who, which, when, where, why, how 等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。

五、宾语从句的时态呼应问题：
1. 如果主句时态是现在时或将来时,从句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态。
He believes his dream will come true some day.
Please tell me what you were doing at this time yesterday.
2.如果主句谓语是过去时,从句谓语动词一般用过去的某种时态,但从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然规律等时,从句谓语通常用一般现在时。
He told me he was preparing for the examination
The teacher told us light travels in a straight line

六、名词性从句的语序：
(1) 名词性从句构成有两种
a. That + 陈述句
That light travels in straight lines is known to all.
b. 疑问词+句子的剩余成分
This is what we are looking for.

(2)疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用陈述句语序，不能用一般疑问句语序
实战：如下那句话是正确的名词性从句
How was he successful is still a puzzle. ( )
How he was successful is still a puzzle. ( )
Could you tell me where he lives? ( )
Could you tell me where does he live? ( )
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