南京旅游攻略及景点介绍(英文.docx

The first Day:
A.M.
Start your self-guided tour from Dr. Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum . Bus No. 9 or travel bus No. 1, No. 2 or No. 3 will take you directly there. Then visit Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum. It's not far from Dr. Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum. If you're interested in Chinese temple, you may have a visit to Lin Gu Temple which was made with stone arches and without wooden beams.
P.M.
Then use the same bus at Zhongshanling bus stop to proceed to the Presidential Palace. After that, continue on to visit the Confucius Temple.Area Bus No. 44, 304 or travel 2 (游2）takes you directly there from Presidential Palace. The area around the temple consists of a series of tourist shops, snack bars, restaurants and tea cafes.
At night, enjoy the night scene at Qinhuai River.

The second day
A. M
Start from Purple Golden Mountain Observatory. Continue to Nanjing Museum. You can take bus No. 115 from Ban can village (半仓村) stop and get off at Qingxi Road(清溪路）stop.
P.M
Xuan Wu Lake Park It's quite near Nanjing Station. So it's convenient to get to Nanjing Railway Station.
English Name
Chinese Name
In Pin yin
Dr. Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum
中山陵
Zhong Shan Ling
Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum.
明孝陵
Ming Xiao Ling
Lin Gu Temple
灵谷寺
Lin Gu Si
Presidential Palace
总统府
Zong Tong Fu
Confucius Temple.
夫子庙
Fu Zi Miao
Nanjing Museum
南京博物馆
Nanjing Bo Wu Guan
Purple Golden Mountain Observatory
紫金山天文台
Zi Jin Shan Tian Wen Tai
Xuan Wu Lake Park
玄武湖公园
Xuan Wu Hu Gong Yuan

Nanjing Attraction Introduction
Dr. Sun Yat-Sen’s Mausoleum
Introduction
Covering an area of 80,000 square meters (about 20 acres), Dr. Sun Yat-sen's Mausoleum is located in the Zhong Mountain Scenic Area in the east suburb of Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province. As the mausoleum of Dr. Sun Yat-sen, the father of the Republic of China, it is considered the Holy land of Chinese people both home and abroad. With deep historical significance, magnificent architecture and beautiful scenery, it is a must see when traveling in Nanjing. Dr. Sun Yat-sen (1866-1925) was a great forerunner of the Chinese democratic revolution and led by Dr. Sun the Chinese people brought down the corrupt rule of the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) and ended 2000 years of the feudal monarchy system, which led the Chinese peoples in to a new age.

Highlights
The majestic Mausoleums construction was started in 1926 and completed in 1929. The whole Mausoleum Scenic Area represents an alarm bell as seen from the air, symbolizing the noble spirit and heroic efforts of Dr. Sun Yat-sen's devotion to the Chinese people, fight of oppression and wining the independence of China. Facing south, the structures, along with the mountain ascends gradually along with the central axis line running from south to the north and is regarded as the most outstanding mausoleum in Chinese modern architectural history.Traveling along the marble road, firstly you will arrive at half-moon square in the south of the Mausoleum. It is understated and modest, while endowing grandeur to the Mausoleum. Then at the entrance to the mausoleum stands the great marble Paifang (memorial archway) o­n which is written 'Bo Ai' meaning 'love'. Through Paifang there is a Passway of 480 meters (about 1574 feet) long and 40 meters (about 131 feet) wide, o­n both sides of which stand orderly pine and cypresses trees. Continuing forward to the end of the Passway, there is the Frontispiece, standing some 16.5 meters (about 54 feet) high and 27 meters (about 88 feet) wide. The Frontispiece has three archways, each of which has a pair of symmetrical enchased copper gates. Four Chinese characters are inscribed o­n the lintel over the doorways written by Dr. Sun Yat-sen meaning 'the world is commonwealth', which fully explains the cause he struggled for during his life. Through the Frontispiece is a pavilion made of marble, in which a great stele, 9 meters (about 29 feet) high and 4 meters (about 13 feet) wide, was erected by Kuomintang in memory of Dr. Sun Yat-sen. on the stele there are carved just 24 Chinese characters and no epitaph as people think that there are no words capable of representing this giant of modern China.

Traffic
Transportation in the city: tourist 1,2, 3, and bus 9 could arrive thereDr. Sun Yat-Sen’s Mausoleum fee and opening hours
It's for free
Opening hours 7:00-18:00

Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum
Descriptions:
Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum - Having a history of more than six hundred years, the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum is one of the largest ancient mausoleums in China. Representing the highest achievement of the Ming architecture and stone carving art, it has great influence on the royal tomb buildings during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. it is listed by UNESCO as a world cultural heritage site.
Construction of the mausoleum began in 1381 and was completed in 1431. In 1384, Queen Ma died and was buried there. Emperor Chengzu had bestowed upon her the title 'Queen of Xiao Ci' which means 'Queen of Filial Piety and Kindness.' Hence, the name Ming Xiaoling derives from her title.
The mausoleum has two discreet sections: One is the Sacred Way area and the other is the main body of the mausoleum itself.
At the entrance to the mausoleum, you will see the Dismounting Archway. As a gesture of deep respect, visitors would discount their horses and sedans at this point. Not far from the entrance is the Tablet Pavilion called Si Fang Cheng. Here a majestic tablet was erected by order of Emperor Zhu Di, the fourth son of Zhu Yuanzhang, to eulogize his father's merits and virtues. The tablet is carried by Bixi, a legendary animal in the shape of a tortoise. Walking northwesterly across the bridge, you will see the winding 1800-meter long Sacred Way. Its middle section runs east-west and is called Shi Xiang Road. It is lined with several pairs of stone sculptured animals guarding the tomb. Each animal is postured differently and each conveys an auspicious meaning. For example, the lions, king of the animals, show the stateliness of the emperors, the camels, symbol of desert and tropical areas, indicate the vast territory of the dynasty and the elephants imply that the policies of the dynasty are to meet the desire of the grass root and the stabilization of the dynasty. Beyond the animals is a pair of decorative columns called Hua Biao that are carved with dragons. From here the Sacred Way turns into a north-south direction and becomes known at Weng Zhong Road. This location is marked by stone carved statues of ministers and generals. Different from the straight sacred ways in the former dynasties, the Sacred Way at Ming Xiaoling goes in different directions making it unique and unprecedented in Chinese history.
Admission Fee:CNY 70
Visitors may take tourism bus no. 3, bus no. 20 or no. 315 to Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum;
Transportation:One may also take subway line 2 and get off at Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum / Muxuyuan Station.

Linggu Temple
To reach the Linggu Temple area, you can walk on trails east from the Mingxiaoling Mausoleum. Sun Yat-Sen’s Mausoleum is to the north. An morning tour may include a visit to all the three main sites. You can take shuttles between the sites since roads connect them.
The Beamless (Wuliang) Hall at the site was constructed in 1831, and it is 22 meters high and 53.8 meters wide. The hall was made with stone arches and without wooden beams, so this makes the building distinctive. There are mannequins that depict Chinese history in it now.
Admission Fee:CNY 35
Traffic: Visitors may take tourism bus no. 2 to Linggu Temple;
One may also take subway line 2 and get off at Linggu Temple /Zhonglingjie Station

President Palace
Introduction
President palace lies in Yangtze Road, Nanjing City. Its east is a group of buildings combining eastern and western style and west is a extremely delicate garden of the south of Yangtze River, West Garde. The palace was originally established in the Qing Dynasty as the Yamen, meaning the government office, for the Governor General of two Provinces: Jiangsu and Zhejiang. It was also the traveling palace for two emperors of Qing Dynasty, Kangxi and Qianlong. It has a history of more than 600 years.
Nanjing belongs to subtropical monsoon humid climate with abundant rainfall and distinct seasons. Its average annual temperature is 15.4 ℃, and average annual precipitation is 1106mm. It is sunny in spring, but it is rainy during the plum rain period. It is hot in summer and called the “three furnace” with Wuhan and Chongqing. It is dry and cool in autumn, cold and dry in winter. Nanjing has short spring and autumn, long winter and summer, the temperature differences between winter and summer is great. Every season has its own characteristics and all of them are good travel times.
Highlights
President Palace covers an area of ninety thousand square meters totally and it is divided into three areas. There are sites of the Nationalist Government and the Presidential Palace in the central area. The office of the Provisional President, its secretariat, the Department of Staffs and West Garden are located in the west. The site of the building of Executive Yuan, Stable and East Garden are situated in the east. There were two wings in the Presidential Palace. The Executive Yuan(Council) of the Nationalist Government was located in the East Wing and its main military authorities in the West Wing. The place now houses the China Modern History Museum that exhibits historical documents in China's recent history.

President Palace fee and opening hours
Admission 40yuan ticket-selling stop o­ne and a half hour before the close of the museum.
Opening hours: Fifteenth of April to fifteenth of October: 7∶30-18∶30
Sixteenth of October to fourteenth of April: 8∶00-17∶30

Traffic: Travel 1,2, , and bus 1、2、3、5、9、25、29、30、31、51、65、68、80、304 could arrive there.

Confucius Temple
Introduction
Qin Huai River Scenic Zone of Confucius Temple is in the south of Nanjing. Qin Huai River flows from the eastern Qin Huai Water Pavilion, crosses Wende Bridge to Inner Qin Huai River Zone. This is always o­ne of the busy places of Nanjing for 1800 years, was called Bead Curtain of ten li. It is circled with The Confucius Temple, has the pattern of Ming and Qing, is a multi-functional resort combing culture, tourism, business and service. The Confucius Temple was originally constructed in 1034 in the Song Dynasty. It was a place to worship and consecrate Confucius, the great philosopher and educator of ancient China.
The Qin Huai Zone of the Confucius Temple has the lantern exhibition in the annual spring, Summer of Qin Huai in the summer, gourmet in the autumn
Highlights
This temple suffered repeated damage and has been rebuilt o­n several occasions since that time. 1937 was the most destruction when it was burnt to ruin by Japanese aggressors. In 1984 the temple was rebuilt under the support of the local government. During the long process, the original building expanded to be a complex building in the architectural style of the Ming and Qing dynasties, including the Confucius Temple itself, the Jiangnan Gongyuan and the Xue Gong. o­n the south bank of the river, there is the longest screen wall in China which is 110-meter-long and piled with bricks. The Dacheng Hall is recommended o­n your trip. It is 16.22 meters high and 28.1 meters wide featuring a 1.5-meter-high pedestal. There are two worthwhile attractions found in the inner hall. o­ne is the largest figure of Confucius in China. The other o­ne is the beautiful collection of 38 vivid panels which are made by various jade, gold and silver, detailing the life of Confucius. The area around the temple consists of a series of tourist shops, snack bars, restaurants and tea cafes. They all appear to be in the architectural style of the Ming and Qing style. A variety of snacks encompassing eight of the most famous flavors are available for purchase at here. Everyone's individual tastes are well catered for. They are necessary parts of food culture in Nanjing.
Traffic
bus 1、2、4、7、30、31、40、44、47.
Confucius Temple fee and opening hours
Admission: Dacheng Hall of the Confucius Temple is 15yuan, Jiangnan Gongyuan is 15yuan, Residence of Wang Xie is 8yuan, the entire ticket is 22yuan
Opening hours: Dacheng Hall of the Confucius Temple: 8∶00—21∶30；Jiangnan Gongyuan: 8∶30—22∶00；Residence of Wang Xiegu: Friday and Saturday: 8∶00—21∶00，Monday to Thursday: 8∶00—20∶30；Residence of Wang Xiangjun: 8∶30—20∶30

Qinhuai River
Introduction
The Qinhuai River, in the southwest of the city, extends one hundred kilometers. The river used to be the most flourishing part of Nanjing in the old days. In many Chinese novels, it is renowned as a place which nurtured beauties and romance. Today, it is a place for people to recall the old splendor of this historical city. Like all sights in Nanjing, it tells the story of past, present and future of the city. Small shops, stores, restaurants and bars cluster the area. You can find everything here ranging from colourful trinkets to local specialties. If you are good at bargaining you will be able to purchase some very cheap items here.
Highlights
At night the whole area is lit up with colourful lights thus creating a very impressive scene. A lively street market is set up in the area and both locals and tourists take part in the bargain hunt. Taking a leisurely stroll along the riverside, seeing the Chinese vendors doing their business or boarding a colourfully decorated boats flowering through the aged river will be a memorial experience. This place is very popular with the locals and many see or buy their items here, or they just hang out around the area. Many foreigners find it a good place to taste the local cuisine. The many snack stalls dotted within the area offer a range of food: (Baozi) steamed buns-stuffed with pork, and other delicate fillings, Bawei Dawei doufunao (eight-flavoured jellied bean curd pastries) roasted beef, salty duck, animal stomach, chicken feet (phoenix feet) and much more. In addition it is a good place for photo opportunities.
Traffic
bus 1、2、4、7、30、31、40、44、47.

Purple Golden Mountain Observatory
Introduction
Purple Golden Mountain Observatory is located o­n the west peak of the Purple Golden Mountain . It is 370 meters above sea level and is constructed in 1929. It is China’s first modern observatory and is now under the administration of Chinese Academy of Science. The observatory keeps and exhibits ancient astronomical instruments invented by the Chinese. It has Department of Astrophysics, Department of Celestial Mechanics, Lab of Radio Astronomy and Lab of Space Astronomy. Visitors can ride the cable car to reach the observatory.

Highlights
Purple Golden Mountain ancient to called Nanjing mountain, call ZhongShan at Han Dynasty, because rock uncover mountain top getting purple at the Eastern Jin Dynasty in sunshine, show getting purple sp