过去进行时用法详解.doc

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环球雅思学科教师辅导讲义
讲义编号 GELY
学员编号：GELY 年 级： 课时数：3
学员姓名： 辅导科目： 学科教师：祖建
学科组长签名及日期

教务长签名及日期

课 题
过去进行时
授课时间：2015
备课时间： 2015
教学目标
掌握过去进行时的结构用法，辨析过去进行时与一般过去时等。
重点、难点
过去进行时的用法，从句中的时态辨析。
考点及考试要求
过去进行时的结构be doing以及与其他时态的辨析。
【上次课内容回顾】
现在进行时
1．定义：表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
2．基本结构为be+动词ing. He’s playing basketball now.
3．否定句在be后加not。 He’s not
4．一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。
5．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：
疑问词+ be + 主语 + 动词ing? 如：What are you doing?
   但疑问词当主语时其结构为：
疑问词 + be + 动词ing?  如： Who is singing over there?
6.动词加ing的变化规则
（1）一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking
（2）以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting
（3）如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：
run-running, stop-stopping sit-sitting get-getting run-running forget-forgetting begin-beginning
（4）以ie结尾的动词，改ie为y加ing ，die--dying   lie--lying
7. 时间状语：now, look, listen，It’s …o’clock
典型例题：
—What’s the weather like?
　—Oh, it ___ outside. Take an umbrella with you.【2011辽宁大连】
　　A. rains B. is raining C. was raining D. rained
【新授课知识讲解】
第一部分：定义及结构
第二部分：用法
第三部分：与一般过去时的区别

一、 定义及结构
1.定义
过去进行时，是表示过去某个具体时刻正在进行的事情或动作。
2. 结构：be (过去式）+ 动词ing
二、 用法
1. 1.过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。
常用的时间状语 when, while
例如：
① My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle . 我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔下来。
②It was raining when they left the station. 他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。
③They left the station while it was raining . 天正在下雨的时候他们离开了车站。
④When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 当我到达山顶的时候，阳光灿烂。
2.过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。
常用的时间状语：this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening,
例如：
① What was she doing at nine o'clock yesterday? 昨天晚上九点她在做什么？ (介词短语表
示时间点)
② When I saw him he was decorating his room. 当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。
(when从句表示时间点)
③We were watching TV from seven to nine last night. 昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。
④What was he researching all day last Sunday? 上周日他一整天都在研究什么？
3. 在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的，那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。
例如：
①While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.他边等车边看报。 (两个动
作都是延续的)
②He was cleaning his car while I was cooking. 他擦车时我在做饭。(两个动作同时进行)
4. 通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有：agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, have(拥有), hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, seem, suppose,understand, want, wish等。
例如：
误：I was knowing the answer.
正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案。
误：I wasn't understanding him.
正：I didn't understand him. 我不明白他的意思。
第三部分：与一般过去式的区别
．一般过去时叙述旧事，过去进行时描述背景。
Ａ、一般过去时
１）叙述过去状态、动作或事件
He went to Beijing the other day.（带具体时间）
２）表示过去的习惯
①would ,used to与过去时
would 表间断性不规则的习惯，常带频率时间
used to 表一贯性有规律的习惯
They used to meet and would sometimes exchange one or two words.
He smoked a lot two years ago. （过去行为）
② would 用于文中不用于句首，只表过去习惯。
used to 表今昔对比的含义，叙述习惯动作可与would 换用。
When he was a boy , he would often go there . （叙述过去）
She isn't what she used to be. (今昔对比)
③表示状态时一般只用used to
Tom used to be fat /There used to stand a tree there. (状态)
④was (were) used to +ving表示“合适于，适应于„..”
He used to work at night . (“习惯”表经常)
He was used to working at night. (习惯表适应)
３）表示过去的经历，平行动作，依此事件用一般过去时。
He sat there and listened to the radio.(依此发生)
４）表示客气委婉的语气，用于情态动词，助动词和want , wonder , hope 等
How did you like the film? / Could you help me?
B. 过去进行时
1）表示在过去某阶段或某一时刻正在发生
What were you doing at 8:30 last night? (过去某时刻正在发生)
2）与always ,often ,usually 等连用表喜爱，讨厌等感情色彩。
He was always changing his mind.
C. 进行时表某一行为的“片断”一般时表示行为的“整体”和存在的状态。
I was reading the book at that time. (未读完，“读”的片段)
I read the book yesterday. (已读完，表整个“读”)
D、表示在过去的某段时间里一直反复持续进行的动作。
It was raining all night.
He was writing a letter the whole of afternoon.
E、while 时间状语从句中用短暂动词时只能用进行时。
例：He broke a chair while he was jumping up and down.
F、while 所在主从句动作大致持续相等时主从句一般都用进行时，但若是持续动词可都用一般过去时，两个动作一长一短时短的用一般时，长的用进行时。
I was cooking the dinner while he was playing the piano.(平行)
I cooked the dinner while he played the piano.
I saw him while I was walking to the station.
补充：英语中有四类动词一般不用进行时（不用现在进行时和过去进行时）
1)表心理状态、情感的动词，如love ,hate ,like ,care ,respect ,please ,prefer ,know 等，若用进行时则词意改变。
I’m forgetting it . (=beginning to forget )
2)表存在、状态的动词，如appear ,exist ,lie ,remain ,stand ,seem等
3)表感觉的动词，如see ,hear ,feel ,smell ,sound ,taste等.
4)表人的期待，允诺，拒绝，结束的词，如accept ,allow ,admit ,decide ,end ,refuse ,permit ,promise等
【典型例题】
1 Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.
A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes
答案C. 割伤手指是已发生的事情，应用过去时。同时，when表时间的同时性，“玛丽在做衣服时”提供事情发生的背景，因此用过去进行时。
2 As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.
A. read; was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read;fell 答案B.句中的as = when,
描述一件事发生的背景时，用过去进行；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。句意为 "在她看报纸时，奶奶睡着了。"句中的 fell (fall的过去时)，是系动词，后跟形容词，如：fall sick。
时间从句的动作长，而“入睡”动作短，故前者用过去进行时，而较短动词用一般过去时，选B
3 Tom ___ into the house when no one ___ .
A. slipped/was looking B. Had slipped /looked
C. slipped/had looked D. was slipping /looked
答案A此题先要理解好when ，表“此时”，说明主句中slipped是较短行为，而look是较长行为的片断，即汤姆溜进房子，此时没人瞧见，故选A为正确。
【题型介绍】
单项选择、句子翻译；一般与时间状语从句同时出现
【课堂训练】
1．It ________（rain）very hard when we ________（get）there yesterday.
2．I ________（watch） TV at 7:00 P.M. yesterday.
3．What ________（you do ） at that time?
4．She ________（have） a bath when the phone ______（ring）.
5．The students ________（make） noises while the teacher ________（be） away.
6．I ________（read） in my room when she ________（come）.
7．It ________（grow） dark, so we ________（turn） back for home.
8．As the winds ________（blow） stronger and stronger, we ________（not go） swimming yesterday afternoon.
9．The baby ________（cry ） all morning today.
10．We ________（have） a good time when suddenly the lights ________（go） out.
【巩固训练】
1. I fell and hurt myself while I ____ tennis.
A.was playing B.am playing
C.play D.played
答案：A。
2. One of the guards _____ when the general came in, which made him very angry.
A.has slept B.were sleeping
C.slept D.was sleeping
3.Tom was so careless that he __ his right arm when he was riding to school.
A. hurts B. hurt
C. has hurt D. had hurt
4. Hurry up! The train ____.
A. started B. has started
C. is starting D. had started
答案是C。该句是说：快点！火车快开了！该句所用动词start是移位动词，一般用它的进行时表示将来。
5. Move the piano to the sitting room, or it ____ a lot of room in his study.
A. will take up B. took up
C. takes up D. taking up
分析：答案是A。该句是说：把钢琴移到客厅去，否则它将占据书房很多的空间。在“祈使句 + or/and + 陈述句”这样的句型中，一般用将来时。
6. Hello! I ___ you ___ in Washington. How long have you been there?
A. don’t know, were B. hadn’t known, are
C. haven’t known, are D. didn’t know, were
答案是D。该句是说：我（原本）不知道你在华盛顿。你在那里呆多久了？这个“不知道”是以前不知道，所用动词应是过去式。
7. I wonder why she ___ writing yet.
A. don’t start B. doesn’t start
C. had not started D. hasn’t started
分析：答案是D。该句是说：我想知道为什么他还没开始写。Yet是完成时态的标志，另外主句是一般现在时，所用从句应是现在完成时。
【课堂回顾】
第一部分：定义及结构
第二部分：用法
第三部分：与一般过去时的区别
【课后作业】
一、单项选择
1. What ______ from three to four yesterday afternoon?
A. have you done B. had you done
C. did you do D. were you doing
2. ——I called you yesterday evening, but there was no answer.
——Oh, I’m sorry I _____ dinner at my friend’s home.
A. have B. had C. was having D. have had
3. My mother ____________ while my father _________TV.
A. cooked; was watching B. was cooking; was watching
C. was cooked; watched D. cooked; watched
4. When I got home, my son _____ the music.
A. am listening to B. listened to C. was listening to D. was listening
5. We heard a cry when we ______ TV last night.
A. were watching B. would watch C. watch D. watched
6. She asked him whether he _____ back for lunch.
A. come B. was coming C. came D. had come
7. Could you tell me when ______?
A. she is coming B. she was coming C. will be come D. is he coming
8. The teacher ______ when I came into the classroom.
A. is drawing B. draws C. has drawn D. was drawing
9. The pizza ______ by my mother. Would you like to have some?
A. makes B. was making C. made D. was made
10. Nobody noticed what she ______ at the moment.
A. will do B. was doing C. has done D. had done
11. Was it raining hard when you _____ this morning?
A. left B. leaves C. was leaving D. would leave
DCBCA BADDBA
二、 句子翻译
1．   昨天这个时候你们英语老师在做什么？她在和一些家长谈话吗？
   _______________________________________________________________
2．   当我离开的时候他正在画一幅世界地图。  
______________________________________________________________
3．   当你看见他们的时候他们在干什么？他们在打扫教室。  
_________________________________________________________________
4．   那时二班的学生没在操场上踢足球，他们在打篮球。
__________________________________________________________________  
5．   一天，母亲下班回家的时候，约翰在写给一个朋友写信。  
__________________________________________________________________
6．   上周五一下午，学生们在干什么？他们一直在往墙上贴海报。
___________________________________________________________________  

7．   昨天这个时候，一些学生在植树,一些学生在给小树浇水。
____________________________________________________________________  
8．  老师走进教室的时候，学术们正在谈论当天的新闻。
____________________________________________________________________
9. 老虎等猴子的时候，他听到一个声音。  
_____________________________________________________________________
10.   今天上午放学的时候在下雨吗？是的，天正下着大雨。
_____________________________________________________________________

翻译答案：
1  What was you English teacher doing this time yesterday?Was she talking with some parents? 
2． When I left, he was drawing a map of the world. 
3． What were they doing when you saw them?They were cleaning the classroom. 
4． At that time the Class Two students were not playing football in the playground. They were playing basketball. 
5． One day John was writing to one of his friends when his mothers came back from work. 
6． What were the students doing the whole afternoon last Friday?They were putting up the posters on the wall. 
7．This time yesterday some students were planting trees and some were watering the trees. 
8．When the teacher came into the classroom, the students were talking about that day’s news. 
9．When the tiger was waiting for the monkey, he heard a sound. 
10. Was it raining when school was over this morning?Yes, it was raining heavily

学生签名： 签字日期：

全力以赴 赢在环雅
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