雅思小作文句型表达汇总.doc

首段（题目的改写方法）
1, 替换表示“显示”的动词
show=illustrate=describe=present=reveal
2, 若国家的名字是缩写，可改为全称或者相反
USA=United States of American 或America
UK=United Kingdom 或 Britain
China=P.R.C
3，变换时间的表现形式
连接时间的介词和常用表达
--in, at --over the period
--for the following --from...to
--between...and...
4，将图表内信息具体化
The bar chart below shows the estimated sales of jeans for two companies next year in Turkey.
(two companies: Mongol and Jack&Jones)
5，替换同义词
These two figures are about crime in Britain. (5分）
These two figures given concern criminality in Britain.(6分）
Given are two figures concerning criminality in Britain. (7分）

6同义表达
percentage=variation changes=variation
men=males women=females data=figures/statistics
university=college family=household during=over
different=various=several=diverse per year=annual
spending=expense=expenditure kind=type=category
country=nation and=as well as about=concerning=regarding

首段（结构性改写）
一：变成There be 句型
题目: The pie chart below shows the main reasons why agricultural land becomes less productive.
改写: The pie chart shows that there are four main causes of farmland becoming degraded in the world today.
二：变成How句型
题目：The graph below gives information about water use in two different countries.
改写：The graph shows how the amount of water used changed in two different countries.
三：显示整体趋势
题目:The graph below shows the proportion of the population aged 65 and over between 1940 and 2040 in three different countries.
改写:The graph shows the increase in the aging population in Japan,Sweden and the USA between 1940 and 2040.
首段高分模板
1, The pie chart shows that there are + 中心+（国家+时间）.
The pie chart shows that there are three main countries using Internet shopping today.
2, The graph shows how+主题+changed+(国家+时间).
The graph shows how the amount of water used worldwide changed between 1900 and 2000.
3,The graph shows the increase+主题+（国家+时间）
The graph shows the increase trend in the aging population in Japan, Sweden and the USA between 1940 and 2040.
increase=upward decrease=downward
描述变化的句型
句型1: 主题/中心+v+adv+数据+时间
During five years, Internet users in Germany and UK increased dramatically to 14 million and 22 million respectively.
句型2：The number/amount/percentage of +主题/中心+v+adv+数据+时间或
The figures for主题/中心+v+adv+数据+时间
After that, the percentage of TV audiences rose sharply until 8:00 p.m. from 5% to 25%.

句型3：主题/中心+saw/witnessed/experienced/
showed a(n) +adj+trend
Watching TV among adults, on the other hand, showed a downward trend.
句型4：时间段+saw/witnessed/experienced a(n) +adj+n+数据+主题/中心
The 10-year period saw a dramatic increase from $75 to $120 in the amount of monthly spending on electricity and water.

句型5：There was /is/will be a+adj+n+主题/中心+（数据+时间）
However, there was a slight decrease in expenditure on the other two items.
描述变化的常用表达
1，从......到...... from...to...
The number of students enrolled increased from 5,000 to 20,000.
2, by （表示数量、程度）之差
The number of students enrolled grew by 15,000 (or by 300%).
3, double/triple 翻一倍/翻两倍
During these years, electricity generation almost doubled, rising from 127 to 200 units in New Zeal-and, and from 107 to 214 units in Germany.
4,with a(n) (overall) upward / downward trend
伴随（整体）上升/下降的趋势
Between 1965 and 1970 the number of immigrants fluctuated with an overall upward trend.
5, see an opposite trend 呈现相反的趋势
In contrast, the cost of furniture and equipment saw an opposite trend.
比较句型
句型1, 主题/中心+v+the highest/largest/lowest/
smallest+n+in/among+范围.
From an overall perspective, German speakers achieved the highest grades with an average score of 6.7 across all four sections among the four countries.
句型2：The number/amount/percentage of 中心A +be +adv+adj比较级+than that of +中心B.
The number of medals Germany won was significantly more than that of South Korea.
句型3：中心A+v+adj比较级+n+than+中心B.
They won more medals than any other country.
句型4：中心A+be+half/twice/...times/ not+as...as +中心B.
The total number of medals America won is almost three times as many as Australia's.

三大比较连接词
1，词、词组之间的连接词
compare with / to 与.....相比
Men enjoyed over eighty hours of leisure, compared with forty-three hours for women.
2，句子之间的连接词
...while..., / ..., whereas... ...然而......
Over the twenty-eight-year period from 1970 t o1998, in all five economies the number of people employed in manufacturing has decreased, while/ whereas the number employed in services has increased.
3,段落之间的连接词
By/ In contrast,... / In comparison... 与之相比
On the contrary,... 与之相反
By contrast, figures for the consumption of fish and chips fluctuated slightly and then fell over the same period.
常用的比较词
1，超过 v
--exceed, outnumber, overtake, rank, place
2, be followed by..., then... 被.....紧跟，然后是......

转换话题的句型
1, As for / As to... 关于......
As for the main destinations of travel, North America is becoming increasingly more popular.
2, As far as ...be concerned... 就......而言
The three main sources of stress as far as CEOs were concerned were: time pressures and deadlines, the demands of work on private life and the demands of work on the relationship with the family.
占比例的句型
3, ...account for / make up / constitute / occupy...
Magazines account for the greatest number of sales in 1996.
White, which is 62%, is considerably more common than blue, which makes up only 14%.
表示时间的句型
1,over the next.../ for the following... 在接下来的
2, thereafter... 然后......
3, from...to... / between...and...从....到..../在...期间
4, until / by 直到； in /at 在.....
5，over the period from...to... 从...到...的期间

表示未来的句型
It is foreseen/ anticipated / expected / forecast that...=...be foreseen / expected / anticipated / forecast to... 预期/预测/预见......
It is foreseen that hamburgers will increase.
结尾段句型
一：有升有降
句型1：Overall, the graph shows how+中心A +increased +adv+while +中心B+decreased over the period.
E.g. Overall, the graph shows how leisure activities such as talking with family and friends increased significantly while the popularity of eating out and watching TV decreased over the period.
句型2：In conclusion, while +中心A+be becoming increasingly/ decreasingly used, 中心B +has/had not become +adj比较级
E.g.In conclusion, while water and pipelines are becoming increasingly used, rail has not become more popular as a method of transport.
句型3：Generally, while +中心 A+ increased/decreased dramatically / slowly, there were corresponding drops in + 中心B.
E.g.Generally, while spending increased dramatically for equipment and insurance, there were corresponding drops in expenditure on things such as books and on other workers’ salaries.
二：有多有少
句型1：Generally speaking, 比较句型。
Generally speaking, the percentage of men who often buy music albums is higher than that of women.
句型2，By comparison, 比较句型。
By comparison, Australians spent less on dressing up.
句型3：To sum up, the gap between +数字+ categories had narrowed/ widened + considerably / slightly.
To sum up, although local fixed line calls were still the most popular in 2002, the gap between the three categories had narrowed considerably over the second half of the period in question.
三：保持类句型
句型1：Overall, 中心+ constituted +adj最高级+主题
Overall, teachers’ salaries constituted the largest cost to the school.
句型2：It seems that +中心A and 中心B+were the two + adj最高级（items of ) +主题. Altogether, they accounted for + 数据of the total +主题.
It seems that Spain and UK were the two biggest Internet shopping European countries. Altogether, they accounted for more than half of the total Internet spending in Europe.
句型3: As a final point, it is interesting to note + that 从句.
As a final point, it is interesting to note that the highest subway carrying capacity belonged to a Japanese city called Tokyo whereas the lowest is also a Japanese city:Kyoto.
句型4：Overall, 中心A+ constituted + adj 最高级+主题，and while
中心B + increased/decreased+dramatically/ slowly, there were corresponding drops in +中心A.
Overall,,IELTS constituted the largest needs of foreign tests, and while TOEFL increased slowly, there were corresponding drops in IELTS.