得了慢性咽喉炎应注意些什么？.doc

得了慢性咽喉炎应注意些什么？

抗生素可以对付炎症，但是慢性咽炎能不能服用抗生素呢？医生发现，有慢性咽炎患者易出现不适就服用抗生素，但这种做法并不妥当。慢性咽炎并不等于炎症，一味使用抗生并不能起到实质性的作用。
　　滥用抗生素对慢性咽炎有害无益
　　专家介绍，急性咽炎明确是由病原菌引起，而慢性咽炎并没有任何病菌，造成慢性咽炎患者咽部各种不适症状的根本原因是由于咽部黏膜已有的慢性炎症的病理改变，如黏膜充血、肿胀、干燥、变薄、萎缩等。所以使用抗生素并不能起到实质性的作用，它只能抑制或杀灭咽部细菌，并不能使原有的病变消除，因此不能减轻慢性咽炎患者的不适感。
　　此外，滥用抗生素对于慢性咽炎的治疗也是有害而无益的，因为滥用抗生素可能会导致咽部正常菌群的失调，长期滥用还可能会引起细菌耐药，甚至还会损害肝肾功能。

　　慢性咽炎治疗的9个注意
　　慢性咽炎的发生与很多因素有关，比如个人习惯、空气污染、个人职业、慢性病以及个人的免疫力等等。因此，绝大多数慢性咽炎不是一朝一夕可以改变的，“根治”是一个很难实现的目标。不过，慢性咽炎很少发生恶变，最常见的还是反复发作带来的各种不适，而控制咽炎的不适症状，减少发作次数是可以达到的目标。患者在治疗过程中注意这些问题：
　　1、尽量避免疲劳、受凉、感冒，减少急性发作的次数，以免炎症反复迁延。夏天尤其要警惕，不要过度吹风扇及空调。
　　2、减少烟酒、辛辣、酸冷等不良刺激，有患者可能觉得吃冰冷食物比较舒服，但过后会让咽炎更不易恢复。
　　3、注意口鼻等邻近器官卫生，空气污染严重时注意戴口罩及避免户外活动。口腔、鼻腔、鼻窦的慢性感染常因病毒、细菌、脓涕等波及咽部粘膜而导致咽炎。因此，平时要注意保持口腔清洁，及时治疗牙周及鼻腔疾病。
　　4、平时多饮水，可小口多次啜饮，湿润咽部黏膜。尤其是教师、售货员等长期用声过度职业人员，当然，尽量注意间断性的用声休息、减少高声喊叫。
　　5、生活规律、劳逸结合、饮食均衡、适度锻炼，保持强健体魄，提高机体免疫力。
　　6、及时治疗胃部反酸、糖尿病、慢性阻塞性肺病等合并疾患，减少对慢性咽炎的持续刺激。
　　7、咽炎反复发作超过3个月需要去正规医院耳鼻咽喉科仔细检查，必要时可以做电子喉镜，防止咽喉部肿瘤等其他疑难疾患的疏漏。
　　8、通常咽炎不适可以应用中成药治疗，当伴有明显疼痛或发热等急性症状时可适当使用抗生素。不鼓励慢性咽炎常规使用抗生素，除抗生素常见的副作用外，还可能造成细菌耐药或真菌感染。
　　9、症状稍微好点了尽量忍住不要咳嗽清嗓子，这是一个慢性咽炎患者习惯性动作，清嗓子会舒服点，但是一个很糟糕的习惯，粘膜的慢性炎症会受到持续的刺激而辗转不愈。

A chronic laryngitis should pay attention to what?

Antibiotics can deal with inflammation, but chronic pharyngitis can not take antibiotics it? Doctors found that patients with chronic pharyngitis prone to discomfort on antibiotics, but this approach is not appropriate. Chronic pharyngitis is not equal to inflammation, the blind use of antibiotics does not play a substantial role.
Abuse of antibiotics for chronic pharyngitis detrimental
Experts, acute pharyngitis is caused by a pathogen clear, and chronic pharyngitis and no bacteria, resulting in Patients with Chronic various symptoms of the root cause is due to pathological changes in the pharyngeal mucosa has chronic inflammation, such as mucosal congestion, swelling, dry, thinning, atrophy. Therefore, the use of antibiotics does not play a substantial role, it can inhibit or kill bacteria in the throat, does not make the original lesion removed, and therefore can not relieve the discomfort of patients with chronic pharyngitis.
In addition, the overuse of antibiotics for the treatment of chronic pharyngitis is harmful and useless, because the misuse of antibiotics may cause throat normal flora imbalance, long-term abuse may also cause bacterial resistance, or even damage the liver and kidney function.

9 Note that the treatment of chronic pharyngitis www.ganaiwanqi.org
The occurrence of chronic pharyngitis many factors, such as personal habits, air pollution, personal and professional, chronic and personal immunity and so on. Thus, the vast majority of chronic pharyngitis can not be changed overnight, "cure" is a difficult goal to achieve. However, rare malignant chronic pharyngitis, the most common variety or recurrent discomfort, pharyngitis and control symptoms, reduce the number of attacks is possible to achieve. Patients pay attention to these issues in the course of treatment:
1, to avoid fatigue, cold, flu, reduce the number of exacerbations, in order to avoid repeated persistent inflammation. Especially in the summer to be alert, do not over-blowing fans and air conditioning.
2, reduce alcohol, spicy, sour cold and other adverse stimulation, the patient may feel more comfortable eating cold food, but after a more difficult recovery will pharyngitis.
3, pay attention to the nose and mouth and other adjacent organs health, pay attention to wear masks and avoid outdoor activities when air pollution. Mouth, nose, chronic sinus infections often caused by viruses, bacteria, purulent nasal discharge and other affected pharyngeal mucosa and cause pharyngitis. Therefore, always pay attention to maintaining oral hygiene, untreated periodontal disease and nasal cavity. www.jdweixin.org
4, usually water, can sip a small mouth repeatedly, moist pharyngeal mucosa. In particular, teachers, salesmen and other long-term excessive use of sound professionals, of course, try to pay attention to intermittent use of sound rest, reducing shouting.
5, patterns of life, work and rest, eat a balanced diet, moderate exercise and maintain physical fitness, improve immunity.
6, untreated stomach acid reflux, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and other diseases consolidation, reduce ongoing stimulation of chronic pharyngitis.
7, pharyngitis recurrent more than three months need to go to a regular hospital otorhinolaryngology carefully examined, can make laryngoscopy if necessary, to prevent other incurable throat cancer and other diseases of omission.
8, usually pharyngitis discomfort of traditional Chinese medicine can be used, when accompanied by significant pain or fever and other acute symptoms may be appropriate use of antibiotics. Chronic pharyngitis not encourage the routine use of antibiotics, in addition to the common side effects of antibiotics, it may also be caused by bacterial or fungal infection drug.
9, symptom little better not to try to hold back throat-clearing cough, which is a habitual action in patients with chronic pharyngitis, clearing his throat would feel better, but a very bad habit, chronic inflammation of the mucous membrane will be subject to continuous stimulation and not removed more.