中考复习语法：主语和谓语动词的一致.doc

主语和谓语动词的一致
（Agreement between subject and verb）
1、 主语要和谓语动词保持人称和数的一致。
I am seventeen.
She is sixteen.
There is a desk in the room. There are no chairs in it.
John gets up at six o’clock every morning.
They have not come yet.
Nobody knows who is going to win in the competition.
What is the latest news about the Olympic Games?
2、 两个名词由and连接做主语时，谓语动词一般用复数。
Wang Gang and Zhang Hua were here a moment ago.
My brother and I have both seen the film.
Bothe rice and white are grown in this part of China.
说明：
1） 当and 不表示并列意义，连接两个在意义上表示同一人、物、或概念或由两个部件配成的物品时，谓语动词用单数。
The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting.那位教授作家正在会上发言。
One more knife and fork is needed. 还需要一副刀叉。
War and peace is a constant theme in history. 战争与和平时历史永恒的主题。
2） 两个并列的名词有each, every, many a 等修饰语时，谓语动词一般用单数。
Each doctor and (each) nurse / Every doctor and (every) nurse was given a new shirt.
No sound and no voice is heard.
Many a boy and (many a) girl has made the same mistake.
3、 集体名词group, class, family, army, enemy等作主语时，如果强调整体，谓语动词用单数形式；如果强调个体，谓语动词用复数形式。
My family is a large one.
The family are sitting at the breakfast table.（指家庭成员）
Our group are reading the newspapers. （指组内成员）
This group is having a meeting.
The army is going to remain in this town.
The army have rescued the travelers.（指部队中的官兵）
4、 不定代词anyone, anybody, anything, everyone, everybody, everything, someone, somebody, something, no one, nobody, noting, each, the other 等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Is anybody going to tell him the news?
There is nobody in the house.
Everything is ready.
Someone wants to seen you.
5、 代词none和neither有时作为单数看待，有时作复数看待，主要根据说话人的意思决定。但是代表不可数的名词时，只看作单数；neither作形容词与单数名词连用，谓语动词用单数。
None of them has/ have arrived yet. 他们中一个人都没有到呢。
Neither of them knows / know the answer.他们俩都不知道答案。
None of this money is mine. 这钱不是我的。
Neither statement was true. 两个陈述都不真实。
6、 当用作主语的另个名词或代词由or, either…or, neither…nor, 或not only… but also连接时，谓语动词通常与邻近的名词或代词保持一致。
Either you or Jane is to be sent to New Zealand. 要么你，要么简将被派往新西兰。
Neither he nor I have finished the experiment. 他和我都没有完成实验。
Not only his family but also he likes Chaplin’s movies.不仅他的家人，还有他都喜欢卓别林的电影。
7、 由there 或here 引导的句子，主语不止一个名词时，谓语动词通常与邻近的名词或代词保持一致。
There is a lamp, two pens and six books on the desk. 桌子上有一盏灯、两支钢笔和六本书。
Here are some envelopes and paper for you. 这些是给你的信封和纸张。
8、 当主语后面接说明主语的修饰语，如with, along with, together with, as well as, like, rather than, but, except, besides, including, in addition to 等时，谓语不受修饰成分的影响，仍保持同主语一致的关系。
The teacher with two students was at the meetings. 那位老师和两个学生参加了会议。
The girl as well as the boys has learned to drive a car. 这姑娘和男孩子们一道，学会了开车。
9、 表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等复数名词，在表示单位数量用作主语时，通常被看作整体，谓语动词用单数。
Sixty years is a long time. 60年时一段长时间。
Ten dollars is enough for him. 10美元就够他用的了。
Three thousand miles is a long distance. 3,000英里是一段长距离。
Fifty kilograms is not too heavy to be carried. 50公斤不至于重到扛不起来。
说明：
1) 如果强调数目，谓语动词用复数。
One thousand cents make a dollar. 100每份就是一美元。
More than fifty years have passed since they got married. 他们夫妻已共同走过了50多年。