中考=中考易考句型归纳.doc

中考易考句型归纳：
1． There be句型：
① There be +单数/复数名词+某处/某时，表示“某处有某物”，有几个主语时，邻近原则。
There are sixty minutes in an hour. There is a desk and two chairs in my room.
② 对There be 句型中主语提问时，用what，动词用is （因为主语为特殊疑问词）
There are two pears in the bag. →What’s in the bag?
③ 对There be 句型中的主语中名词前的数量提问：
How many +可数复数+are there +地点? 或How much +不可数名词+is there +地点？
④ 表猜测的There be结构为：There must/may be a dog behind the door.
⑤ 表示“某处有某人在做什么”的句型： There be +sb +doing +地点
There are a lot of people waiting for the bus there. 那里有许多人在等车
⑥ 表示（没）有（足够）时间去做某事的句型： There be no/enough time to do sth .
There is no/enough time to have breakfast . （没）有足够的时间吃早饭。
2. 原级、比较级和最高级的句型：
① “ as +形容词或副词原级+as… 意为“……和……一样……”。
This picture book is as expensive as that one.
② not as/so +形容词或副词原级+as…意为“……不如……”
This boy isn’t as tall as my brother. Jim didn’t listen as carefully as my sister.
③ 原级和比较级的转换：A + not as/ so +原级+as + B…. = B+比较级+than+ A… .
Jim isn’t as strong as Dick. = Dick is stronger than Jim.
④ (much, even, still, a little, far) +比较级+than +….
This book is more interesting than that one. Simon is much taller than my cousin.
⑤ 比较级和最高级的转换：the +最高级+in/of短语=比较级+than + any other +单数名词
Jim sings best of all the boys in his class. =Jim sings better than any other boy in his class.
⑥ “the+比较级…，the+比较级…” 句型，意为“越……，就越……”
The more you eat, the fatter you are. 你吃得越多，就越胖。
⑦ “比较级+ and +比较级” 句型，意为 “越来越……”。
stronger and stronger 越来越健壮 more and more beautiful 越来越来越漂亮
⑧ “A + less+原级+.than+ B.”和“A + not …as (so)+ 原级+as+ B ”的转换
This book is not as interesting as that one. = This book is less interesting than that one.
⑼ quite/very/rather/too/so +形容词或副词原级，形容词或副词原级+enough to do sth
too easy, so difficult/quite tall/rather busy/very interesting
3．有关＂花费＂的句型:
① It takes sb 时间+ to do sth . 做某事花费了某人多长时间 活动takes +人+时间
It takes me an hour to walk to the zoo. The trip to the zoo takes two hours.
② sb + spend +时间／钱 +(in) doing sth 某人花费时间／金钱做某事（主语为人）
I spend an hour doing exercise in the morning.
③ sb + spend + 钱／时间+ on＋ sth 某人花……钱于某物上（主语为人）
Simon, don’t spend too much time on football.
④ sth + cost sb + 金钱　某物花费某人多少钱（主语为物）How much do/ does…cost?
The book cost me forty yuan yesterday. How much does the pen cost?
⑤ sb + pay +钱 +for + sth 某人为某人／物付了．．．．款（主语为人）
The boy paid fifty yuan for the coat.
4．① ＂too…to…＂的句型 too + adj + to do 意为“太……以致于不能……”
My cousin is too busy to talk with me.
② “adj + enough + to do” 的句型， 意为“足够……去做……”
The girl is not old enough to go to school
③ “so＋形／副词原形+that从句” 的句型 so＋…＋that　意为“如此……以致于……”　
My sister is so strong that she can carry the big box.
④ “such＋(a/an)+ 形+名词+that从句” 的句型，意为“如此……以致于……”　
Kitty is such a clever girl that she can answer all the questions.
⑤ “so+形容词+ that + 肯定句”可以和“adj + enough + to do”转换，形容词不变。
Jim is so strong that he can move the big box. =Jim is strong enough to move the big box.
⑥ “so+形容词+ that + 否定句”可以和“too + adj + to do”转换，形容词不变 。
Jim is so young that he can’t go to school.= Jim is too young to go to school.
⑦ “not adj + enough + to do” 可以和“too + adj + to do”转换，形容词改为反义词。
He isn’t tall enough to reach the apples.= He is too short to reach the apples.
⑧ “such＋(a/an)+ 形+名词+that从句” 可以和“so＋形／副词原形+that从句”转换。
How interesting this book is!=What an interesting book it is!
⑨ so + much / little+ 不可数名词 +that从句
She has so little money that she can’t buy anything. 她钱太少，什么也买不到.
5. ＂感叹句的构成＂句型
① What + (a/an)+ adj + 单数名词 + (主语＋谓语) ! What修饰其后的名词
What a tall tree ( it is ) !　多么高的一棵树啊！
② What + adj + 复数名词或不可数名词 + (主语＋谓语) !
What nice weather! What beautiful flowers they are!
③ How + adj/adv + (主语＋谓语) ! How 修饰其后的形容词或副词
How tall the tree is! How hard they are working!
④ What 引导的感叹句可以和How 引导的感叹句互换。
What a clever girl Millie is! =How clever Millie is!
6. what 开头的疑问句:
① 对“时间”提问的句型:
—What’s the time (by your watch)? / What time is it? —It’s half past ten.
—What day is it today ? —It’s Monday.
—What’s that date today? —It’s June 20th.
—What time/When do you get up in the morning? —At six thirty.
② 对“尺寸”提问的句型
What size + 一般疑问句？（就衣服、鞋尺寸大小提问）
What size does she want? What size are your feet?
③ 对 “颜色”提问的句型
What colour is / are + n ? —What colour is Tom’s shirt? —It’s black and white .
I like the red coat. Which coat do you like?
④ “几加几得几”的句型
What’s…and/plus…? It’s … (无论多少项相加，be动词均用is) What’s two and three?
⑤ 对“价格”提问的句型
What’s the price of + n ? = How much + is / are + n ?
⑥ 对“人口数量”的提问句型
What’s the population of +地点名词？=How many people are there+地点状语？
⑦ 对“职业”提问的句型
What does your mother do?=What’s your mother’s job?=What is your mother? 　
⑧ 对“电话号码”提问的句型
What’s your telephone/phone number?
⑨ “……出毛病了/ 怎么了”的句型
What’s wrong with your watch? What’s the matter with your mother?
What’s the trouble with your new bike?
⑽ “……是什么意思” 的句型
What do you mean by “tiger”?= What does “tiger” mean? =What’s the meaning of “tiger”?
⑾ 问＂天气如何＂的句型
What’s the weather like?/How is the weather? 回答：It’s +形容词
⑿ 问＂对事物看法如何＂的句型
① —What do you think of your English teacher ? —She’s friendly.
② —How do you like/find the book? — It’s very interesting
③ Which + n + do you like better , A or B ? A和B你更喜欢哪一个？
④ Which + n + do you like best , A , B or C ? A，B和C你最喜欢哪一个？
7. both/all/neither/none of…
① “both…and…”句型 (连接主语时，用作复数) ， 意为“两者都……”
Both mother and father are teachers.= Both of them are teachers .
② “neither…nor…”句型，意为“两者都不…，既不…也不…”（动词遵循就近原则）
Neither I nor my father likes football. = Neither my father nor I like football.
= Neither of us likes football.
③“either…or…”句型，意为“ 或者…或者…”（两者之一）（动词遵循就近原则）
Either she or Lily is a doctor .或者她，或者丽丽是医生．= Either of them is a doctor .
Both of them are not doctors. 他们两个不都是医生。（部分否定）
④ “none of …..与all of….”句型
All of the students/ All the students are League members .所有的学生都是团员．
All of the students / All the students are not League members.
不是所有的学生都是团员．（部分否定）
None of the students is a League member . 没有一个学生是团员．（全否）
⑤ 两者都both, both---and-- 两者都不 neither, neither--- nor 两者中任何一个 either,rather of
三者都 all, all of… 三者都不 none, none of… 三者中任何一个 any, any of …
8． “So it is 与So it is” 句型
① So + 主语+助动词/系动词/情态动词，表示对前面提到的事物的认可。意为“的确如此”。
—Lily is a good girl.—So she is. 莉莉是个好女孩。确实如此。(前后两句主语为同一人)
—Weiwei often helps others. —So she does. 微微常帮助别人。的确如此。
② So +助动词/系动词/情态动词，表示前面提到过的情况也适用于别的人。意为“…也”。
He is tall. So is his brother . 他个子高，他弟弟个也高。 (前后两句主语)
Mother can swim. So can I . 妈妈会游泳，我也会。
They will go for a picnic, So will you . 他们要去野餐，你也去。
9．used to 与be used to 的区别：
① used to do sth . 过去常做某事（现在不做了）He used to get up early . 过去他总早起。
② be /get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事 He is used to getting up early. 他习惯于早起。
③ be used to do sth = be used for doing sth “被用来做某事”
Wood is used to make paper. = Wood is used for making paper.
④ use (sth) to do sth . 用…做… Can you use paper to make flowers?
⑤ be used as… “被当作……用” The box can be used as a table.
⑥ be used by… “被（某人）使用” The recorder is used in class by teachers.
10. How开头的疑问句
How far is it from…? 离……多远 How big is it ? 它多大？
How long…？ 多久（指时间长度） How soon…？ 多久以后（用于将来时）
How many + 复数名词…? 有多少…? How much +不可数名词? 有多少…？
How often…? 多长时间一次（对频率提问） How old…? 几岁了？ （对年龄提问）
How’s it going? …进展如何？ How’s the weather? 问天气
11.“when、while”引导的复合句
① 主句用一般现在时、祈使句、含情态动词、含有want时，when从句用一般现在时。
I will tell Simon the good news when I see him tomorrow.
② when从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时，表示“从句动作发生时，主句动作在进行”。
My mother was cooking in the kitchen when I got home.
③ when从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时，表示“从句动作发生时，主句动作已完成”。
When I got to the teachers’ office, my English teacher had left
④ when从句用一般过去时，主句也用一般过去时。
I met my uncle when I visited the zoo yesterday.
⑤ while 从句用 (现在或过去) 进行时，主句用一般现在时或一般过去时。
Can you take care of my clothes while I’m playing football?
I saw my old frend while I was walking in the street.
⑥ “过去（现在）进行时while 过去 (现在）进行时 ”句型
I was watching TV while my father was reading newspapers.
12.“till/until”引导的复合句 （until 可用于句首，till/until 均可用于句中）
① “not…until…” 意为“直到……才……”，表示“主句动作直到从句动作发生时才开始。”。主句动词要用短暂性动词。
I didn’t go to bed until my mother came back home. He didn’t go home until 5:40 p.m.
② until/till用于肯定句，意为“到……为止”，表示“主句动作持续到从句所表示的时间为止”。主句动词为持续性动词。
Yesterday I waited until my grandfather came back.
13．“问路”的句型
① Can you tell me how I can get to the hospital? (get to可换成 arrive at/in或 reach)
② Can you tell me how to get to the hospital?
③ Which is the way to the hospital?
④ Excuse me, where is the hospital?
14. 表示“提建议”的句型：
① Let’s do sth. ②What/ How about doing sth?
③ Why not do sth?/Why don’t you/we…? ④ Shall we do sth?
⑤ Will/Would/Could you please (not) do sth? ⑥Let’s…, shall we?
⑦ Would you like (sb) to do sth?
15．表示“委婉请求”的句型：
① May / Could / Can I do ……? 我能为你做什么吗？
May I borrow your bike ?我可以借你的自行车用吗？
② What can I do for you ? = Can I help you ?我能为你做什么吗？
16. 表示“……出毛病了，怎么了”的句型：
① What’s wrong with your watch ?
② What’s the matter with your watch ?
③ What’s the trouble with your watch ?
17. 表示“对事物看法如何”的句型：
① What do you think of the teacher? Great. 这个老师怎样？太棒了。
② How do you like/find the book? Very interesting. 这本书如何？很有趣。
③ Which + n + do you like better , A or B ? A和B，你更喜欢哪一个？
④ Which + n + do you like best , A , B or C ? A、B和C，你最喜欢哪一个？
18. 表示＂……是什么意思＂的句型：
① What do you mean by “tiger” ? “tiger”是什么意思？
② What does “tiger” mean ?
③ What’s the meaning of “tiger” ?
④ What do you mean by “tiger” ?
19. be made…的相关句型：
① be made of 意为“由……做成”（能看出原材料） The kite is made of paper.
(2) be made from意为“由……做成”（不能看出原材料） Paper is made from wood.
③ be made in 意为“在某地制造” The red car is made in Japan,
④ be made by sb 意为“由某人制造” The kite was made by my sister yesterday.
sth made by sb. I like the model plane made by my sister. 我喜欢我妹妹做的飞机模型，
20．“最好做某事”句型：
① had better + do sth 意为“最好做某事．” You’d better get up early.
had better not + do sth 意为 “最好不要做某事” You’d better not talk in class.
② It’s best (for sb) to do sth . 对……来说，做……是最好的
It’s best for you to learn swimming in summer .　夏天学游泳对你来说是最好的．
21. It’s + … 句型“
① It’s time (for sb) to do sth 或 It’s time for + n/doing . 意为“该某人做某事的时间了”
It’s time (for me) to have class. It’s time for class/for running in the playground.
② It’s + adj. + （for+ sb） to do sth 做某事（对某人来说）是…… 形容词用来描写事物特征。形容词常用difficult, important, necessary, impossible, easy, dangerous, interesting 等。 如：It’s difficult for me to answer this question in English.
③ It’s + adj. + of + sb + to do sth 某人做某事真是……。形容词用来说明人的品质、性格。形容词常用good, kind, wise, selfish, nice, careful, wrong, silly, generous等。
It’s nice of you to help me with my lessons.
④ It’s +adj. + that +句子。
It’s necessary that we do some exercise every day.
⑤ “find / think + it + adj. for sb to do sth.” 句型：
I find it difficult for me to learn English well .我发现要学好英语对我来说太难了．
（it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式to learn English well , difficult是形容词作宾补）=
I found it was difficult for me to learn English well .（宾语从句形式）
⑥ “It’s +时间段+ since+ 过去时间点/过去时态的从句“句型：
It’s three months since he left his hometown. 自从他离开家乡已三个月了。
= He left his hometown three months ago.
= Three months has been passed since he left his hometown.
=He has been away from his hometown for three months.
⑦ It + be + adj. + to do… 意为“做某事是……的”
It’s lovely to have a day off. It’s difficult to believe that.
It’s interesting to see new places. It’s possible to get a bus.
22．“have been to、have gone to与have been in”句型
① have been to… 意为“去过某地”，后接“次数”。主语可用任何人称 (去了又回来)
My father has been to Beijing twice.
② have gone to… 意为“去了某地”。主语不可用I, we, you. （人还没回来），
Simon isn’t at home. He’s gone to Shanghai.
③ have been in… 意为“来（在）某地”，后接“一段时间”。主语可用任何人称
The boy has been in Beijing for two weeks.
23． “sorry抱歉” 句型
① I’m sorry for that. 我为那件事感到抱歉。（for +代词）
② I’m sorry to hear that. 听到那件事很难过。（加不定式）
③ I’m sorry that I’m late again. 很抱歉我又迟到了。（加从句）
24．“afraid害怕” 句型
① be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事（加不定式） I’m afraid to go out at night.
② b e afraid of sth/doing sth . 担心做某事的后果（加动名词） He is afraid of swimming.
③ I’m afraid that +从句 恐怕……。 I’m afraid that I can’t come to your party.
25. “would rather与prefer to” 句型
① would rather do sth I would rather go to the zoo at the weekend.
② would rather not do sth They would rather not go out on rainy days.
③ would rather do sth than do sth Jim would rather play football than watch TV.
④ would rather do sth than sth David would rather wear blue than red.
⑤ prefer to do sth (preferred) Kitty preferrrd to go fishing yesterday.
⑥ prefer sth to sth They prefer apples to oranges.
⑦ prefer doing sth to doing sth We prefer dancing to swimming.,
⑧ would do sth rather than do sth They would watch TV rather than do their homework.
26. 含“反身代词”的句型
① “by oneself” 句型 by oneself=alone=on one’s own 意为“独自”
a. leave sb by oneself = leave sb alone 把某人单独留下
b. learn sth all by oneself = teach oneself 自学
I learned English all by myself last year. = I taught myself English last year.
c. oneself 与by oneself 的区别：
myself 意为“我自已，我本身，我亲自” by myself 意为“我独自一人”
②. enjoy oneself=have fun=have a good/great/nice/wonderful time 玩得开心
③ for oneself 亲自 You’d better go and see it for yourself. 你最好亲自去看看。
④ “Help yourself/yourselves to…”
Help yourself/ yourselves/themseves to +食物 请你（你们、他们）随便吃些……
Help yourself to some fish,Jim. Help yourselves to some chicken, Jim and Dick.
⑤ say to oneself 自言自语 think to oneself 暗想 keep secrets to themselves 保守秘密
27. 含有“have”的句型
① have sb do sth 意为“要某人做某事” My mother often has me stay at home.
② have sth to do意为“有……要做” At the weekend I have a lot of homework to do.
③ have sth done 意为“请某人做某事” have my hair cut 理发
I will have my bike reapired. 我将请人修我的自行车
28. 含有“keep”的句型
① keep sth away from 保持…远离… Please keep your long hair from the fire.
② keep +形容词 保持… Please keep quiet in the library.
③ keep sth +形容词 You must keep the classroom clean.
④ keep sb. doing sth 使某人一直做某事 You can’t keep me waiting for a long time.
⑤ keep sb. from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 Nothing can keep me from going there.
29. 反意疑问句
陈述句部分用肯定，附加问句用否定；陈述句部分用否定，附加问句用肯定。
① 陈述句部分的谓语是be, will, should, would, had better或情态动词等时，附加疑问仍用这些动词。 They will fly to Beijing, won’t they? Your sister can swim, can’t she?
② 陈述部分的谓语是have时,若have作"有"解，反意疑问部分用have (has) 或do (does)的肯定或否定式; 若have作使役动词, 则只能用do (does, did)的适当形式进行反问。
③ 陈述部分的谓语是行为动词肯定式时，反意疑问部分用don’t/doesn’t/didn’t。如果陈述部分的谓语是行为动词否定式时，反意疑问部分用do/does/did。
④ 陈述部分是there be句型时，反意疑问部分用“be there?”。 There's not much news in today's paper, is there？
⑤ 陈述部分含有no, never, seldom, hardly, few, little, nowhere, nothing等否定意义的词时反意疑问部分用肯定形式; 但陈述部分若使用含有否定意义的前缀或后缀的词时,反意疑问部分仍然使用否定形式Simon ca nahrdly swim, can he? He dislikes mtahs, doesn’t he?
⑥ 陈述部分的主语是something, anything, everything, nothing等不定代词,其疑问部分的主语一般用it。
⑦ 陈述部分的主语是everyone, everybody, anyone, anybody, someone, no one等不定代词时,