Unit6HowPixarfosterscollectivecrativity市公开课一等奖省赛课微.pptx

How Pixar Fosters Collective Creativityby Ed Catmull 1/44Ed Catmull Dr.Ed Catmull is one of the three founding fathers of Pixar.He is a computer scientist and current president of Pixar Animation Studios and Walt Disney Animation Studios.As a computer scientist,Catmull has contributed to many important developments in computer graphics.672/44How Pixar Fosters Collective Creativity was published in Howard Business Review 哈佛商业评论 in.Harvard Business Review(HBR)is a general management magazine published by Harvard Business Publishing,a wholly owned subsidiary of Harvard University.HBRs articles cover a wide range of topics that are relevant to different industries,management functions,and geographic locations.These focus on such areas as leadership,organizational change,negotiation,strategy,operations,marketing,finance,and managing people.3/44Pixar(Pixar Animation Studios)based in California Founded in 1986 by John Lasseter,Steve Jobs,Ed CatmullBought by The Walt Disney Company in earned 27 Academy Awards,seven Golden Globe Awards,and eleven Grammy Awards 4/44John Alan Lasseter(born January 12,1957)is an American animator,film director,screenwriter,producer and the chief creative officer at Pixar,Walt Disney Animation Studios,and DisneyToon Studios.He is also the Principal Creative Advisor for Walt Disney Imagineering.He has won two Academy Awards,for Animated Short Film(for Tin Toy),as well as a Special Achievement Award(for Toy Story).5/44Lasseter began his career as an animator with The Walt Disney Company.After being fired from Disney for promoting computer animation,he joined Lucasfilm,where he worked on the then-groundbreaking use of CGI animation.The Graphics Group of the Computer Division of Lucasfilm was sold to Steve Jobs and became Pixar in 1986.Lasseter oversees all of Pixars films and associated projects as executive producer.In addition,he directed Toy Story(1995),A Bugs Life(1998),Toy Story 2(1999),Cars(),and Cars 2().Since,he also oversees all of Walt Disney Animation Studios(and its division,DisneyToon Studios)films and associated projects as executive producer.CGI：computer graphics interface 电脑图像界面6/44Steven JobsAfter a power struggle with the board of directors in 1985,Jobs left Apple and founded NeXT,a computer platform development company specializing in the higher-education and business markets.In 1986,he acquired the computer graphics division of Lucasfilm,which was spun off as Pixar.7/44 DreamWorks Animation SKG梦工厂动画工作室8/44Walt Disney(迪士尼）Mickey Mouse Snow White and Seven Dwafs Sleeping Beauty Beauty and the Beast 9/44Major worksEnglish name Chinese name Show time1、【、【Toy Story】玩具总动员玩具总动员 1995.11.222、【、【A Bugs Life】虫虫危机虫虫危机 1998.11.27 3、【、【Toy Story 2】玩具总动员玩具总动员2 1999.11.244、【、【Monsters,Inc】怪物企业怪物企业 .11.25、【、【Finding Nemo】海底总动员海底总动员 .5.30 6、【、【The Incredibles】超人总动员超人总动员 .11.57、【、【Cars】汽车总动员汽车总动员 .6.98、【、【Ratatouille】美食总动员美食总动员 .6.29 9、【、【WALLE】机器人总动员机器人总动员 .6.27 10、【、【Up】飞屋周游记飞屋周游记 .5.2911、【、【Toy Story 3】玩具总动员玩具总动员3 .6.18 12、【、【Cars 2】汽车总动员汽车总动员 .6.24 13、【、【Brave】勇敢传说勇敢传说 .6.19 10/44Oscar Best Animation Award(奥斯卡最正确动画长片奖)【Finding Nemo】海底总动员海底总动员 .5.30【The Incredibles】超人总动员超人总动员 .11.5【Ratatouille】美食总动员美食总动员 .6.29【WALLE】机器人总动员机器人总动员 .6.27【Up】飞屋周游记飞屋周游记 .5.29【Toy Story 3】玩具总动员玩具总动员3 .6.1811/44cvv12/4413/4414/4415/4416/4417/4418/4419/4420/44Questions:Why is Pixar so successful as an animation studio?Whats the corporate culture of Pixar?What is the peer culture in Pixar?21/44Discussion:“If you give a good idea to a mediocre team,they will screw it up;if you give a mediocre idea to a great team,they will either fix it or throw it away and come up with something that works?”Ed Catmull Do you agree with it?Why?22/44Text Analysispart 1 para.1-para.3para.1 Almost always theres a 50/50 split,which has astounded me because I couldnt disagree more with the studio executive.astound:shock 23/44 para.2 And in making these films,we have continued to push the technological boundaries of computer animation,securing dozens of patents in the process.在这些电影制作过程中，我们不停扩展着电脑动画技术疆域，也由此取得了大量专利。24/44secure V If you secure something that you want or need,you obtain it,often after a lot of effort.争取到 Federal leaders continued their efforts to secure a ceasefire.联邦政府领导人们继续他们争取停火努力。25/44Para.3 While Im not foolish enough to predict that we will never have a flop,I dont think our success is largely luck.我没有蠢到预言说我们永远不会失败，不过我也不认为我们成功只是因为运气好。flop:complete failure26/44para.3 We must constantly challenge all of our assumptions and search for the flaws that could destroy our culture.flaw:mistake27/44part 2 para.4-8 What is creativitycreativity is a collective effort.Creativity means we have to put ourselves at great risk instead of avoiding risk.Examples to prove this point?28/44para.4 The initial idea for the moviewhat people in the movie business call“the high concept”is merely one step in a long,arduous process that takes four to five years.arduous:difficult an arduous task an arduous worker an arduous winter arduous paths 29/44para.5Its like an archaeological dig where you dont know what youre looking for or whether you will even find anything.The process is downright scary.这就像是在你不知道自己在找什么甚至不确定你能否有任何收获情况下来做考古挖掘。整个过程都要非常小心翼翼。30/44para.7 If you want to be orginal,you have to accept the uncertanity,even when its uncomfortable,and have the capability to recover when your organization takes a big risk and fails.31/44para.8 That takes trust and respect,which we as managers cant mandate,they must be earned over time.这需要信赖和尊重，这是我们作为管理者无法强制；它得靠时间来养成。mandate v.授权，命令32/44para.8 What we can do is construct an environment that nurtures trusting and respectful relationships and unleashes everyones creativity.我们能做只是建立一个能培养信赖和尊重人际关系以及发挥每个人创造力环境。unleash leash v.束缚，用皮带绑住33/44 If we get that right,the result is a vibrant community where talented people are loyal to one another and their collective work,everyone feels that they are part of something extraordinary,and their passion and accomplishments make the community a magnet for talented people coming out of schools or working at other places.假如我们做得好，就能得到一个生机勃勃群体，在那里，有才华人们彼此忠诚也对这个集体忠诚，每个人都认为他们是一个出色团体一分子，他们热情和成就让这个集体能吸引到更多刚走出校门或者在别处工作人才。vibrate v.振动vibrant adj.振动，充满生气34/44I know what Im describing is the antithesis of the free-agency practices that prevail in the movie industry,but thats the point:I believe that community matters.我知道，我在这里所描述景象恰恰同整个电影产业里主流按合约合作情况完全相反，不过这正是我想说：我相信团体力量。prevail vi.盛行，流行；战胜，获胜Rick still believes that justice will prevail.prevailing35/44Part 3 para.9-22 The Roots of Our CultureSmarter people are more important than good ideas.Ed Catmulls experiece at the University of Utah,The New York Institute of Technology and Lucasfil Toy Story 236/44 According to the author,what are the lessons of Toy Story 2?1.para.20 It taught us an important lesson about the primacy of people over ideas:If you give a good idea to a mediocre team,they will screw it up;if you give a mediocre idea to a great team,they will either fix it or throw it away and come up with something that works.它教给我们主要一课，人比想法更主要：假如你把一个好想法交给一支平庸队伍，他们会把它搞砸；假如你把一个平庸想法交给一支出众队伍，他们要么能够挽救它，要么会把它扔掉然后找出一些管用方法来。2.para.21 There has to be one quality bar for every film we produce.37/44primacy 首位 mediocre,midk adj.平庸 mediocrity midkrt n.38/44para.21But by rejecting mediocrity at great pain and personal sacrifice,we made a loud statement as a community that it was unacceptable to produce some good films and some mediocre films.As a result of Toy Story 2,it became deeply ingrained in our culture that everything we touch needs to be excellent.不过在巨大艰辛和个人牺牲下，经过防止平庸之作，我们得以作为一个集体响亮地表示出我们不能接收制作一些好电影和一些烂电影做法。作为玩具总动员2一个结果，每个我们经手作品都必须保持出众品质这种观念开始在我们文化里根深蒂固。39/44Part 4 para.23-28 Power to the Creatives 授权给创新人员para.23 Our philosophy is:You get great creative people,you bet big on them,you give them enormous leeway and support,and you provide them with an environment in which they can get honest feedback from everyone.我们哲学是：你找到了不起创新人才，在他们身上放手一博，给他们充分盘旋余地和支持力度，而且你还要提供给他们一个环境，让他们能够从每个人那里得到老实反馈。leeway 余地 freedom 40/44para.28Good directors not only possess strong analytical skills themselves but also can harness the analytical power and life experiences of their staff members.好导演们不只是自己含有很好分析能力，而且还能够驾驭和利用他们团体组员分析能力和生活经验。41/44Key to exercise:Text:A:aB:1.d 2.b 3.c 4.b 5.b 6.a 7.b 8.c 9.c 10.a 11.c 12.b 13.d C:1.a 2.b 3.a 4.a 5.b 6.a 7.c 8.d 9.b 10.c 11.a42/44Home reading:1.b 2.c 3.b 4.d 5.b6.b 7.b 8.d 9.c 10.b43/4444/44