2020年高考英语试卷（新课标ⅱ）（含解析版）.pdf

20202020 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷全国卷 II)II)英语英语 注意事项注意事项:1.1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。无效。3.3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分第一部分 听力听力(共两节，满分共两节，满分 3030 分分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。题卡上。第一节第一节(共共 5 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.51.5 分，满分分，满分 7.57.5 分分)听下面听下面 5 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A A、B B、C C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有完每段对话后，你都有 1010 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:How much is the shirt?A.19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.答案是 C。1.Where does the conversation probably take place?A.In a supermarket.B.In the post office.C.In the street.【答案】C【解析】【原文】本题为听力，解析略。2.What did Carl do?A.He designed a medal.B.He fixed a TV set.C.He took a test.【答案】B【解析】【原文】本题为听力题，解析略。3.What does the man do?A.Hes a tailor.B.Hes a waiter.C.Hes a shop assistant.【答案】A【解析】【原文】本题为听力，解析略。4.When will the flight arrive?A.At 18:20.B.At 18:35.C.At 18:50.【答案】C【解析】【原文】本题为听力，解析略。5.How can the man improve his article?A.By deleting unnecessary words.B.By adding a couple of points.C.By correcting grammar mistakes.【答案】A【解析】【原文】本题为听力题，解析略。第二节第二节(共共 1515 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.51.5 分，满分分，满分 22.522.5 分分)听下面听下面 5 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A A、B B、C C 三个选项中选出三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出给出 5 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.What does Bill often do on Friday night?A.Visit his parents.B.Go to the movies.C.Walk along Broadway.7.Who watches musical plays most often?A.Bill.B.Aarah.C.Bills parents.【答案】6.B 7.B【解析】【原文】本题为听力题，解析略。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Why does David want to speak to Mike?A.To invite him to a party.B.To discuss a schedule.C.To call off a meeting.9.What do we know about the speakers?A.They are colleagues.B.They are close friends.C.Theyve never met before.【答案】8.C 9.C【解析】【原文】本题为听力题，解析略。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。10.What kind of camera does the man want?A.A TV camera.B.A video camera.C.A movie camera.11.Which function is the man most interested in?A.Underwater filming.B.A large memory.C.Auto-focus.12.How much would the man pay for the second camera?A.950 euros.B.650 euros.C.470 euros.【答案】10.B 11.A 12.C【解析】【原文】本题为听力题，解析略。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。13.Who is Clifford?A.A little girl.B.The mans pet.C.A fictional character.14.Who suggested that Norman paint for childrens books?A.His wife.B.Elizabeth.C.A publisher.15.What is Normans story based on?A.A book.B.A painting.C.A young woman.16.What is it that shocked Norman?A.His unexpected success.B.His efforts made in vain.C.His editors disagreement.【答案】13.C 14.A 15.B 16.A【解析】【原文】本题为听力题，解析略。听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Who would like to make small talk according to the speaker?A.Relatives.B.Strangers.C.Visitors.18.Why do people have small talk?A.To express opinions.B.To avoid arguments.C.To show friendliness.19.Which of the following is a frequent topic in small talk?A.Politics.B.Movies.C.Salaries.20.What does the speaker recommend at the end of his lecture?A.Asking open-ended questions.B.Feeling free to change topics.C.Making small talk interesting.【答案】17.B 18.C 19.B 20.A【解析】【原文】本题为听力，解析略。第二部分第二部分 阅读理解阅读理解(共两节，满分共两节，满分 4040 分分)第一节第一节(共共 1515 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 3030 分分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A A、B B、C C 和和 D D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A The Lake District Attractions Guide Dalemain Mansion&Historic Gardens History,Culture&Landscape(景观).Discover and enjoy 4 centuries of history,5 acres of celebrated and award-winning gardens with parkland walk.Owned by the Hasell family since 1679,home to the International Marmalade Festival.Gifts and antiques,plant sales,museums&Mediaeval Hall Tearoom.Open:29 Mar-29 Oct，Sun to Thurs.Tearoom，Gardens&Gift Shop:10.30-17.00(16.00 in Oct).House:11.15-16.00(15.00 in Oct)Town:Pooley Bridge&Penrith Abbot Hall art Gallery&Museum Those viewing the quality of Abbot Halls temporary exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a city gallery.The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives.Open:Mon to Sat and Summer Sundays.10.30-17.00 Sumner.10.30-16.00 Winter.Town:Kendal Tullie House Museum&Art Gallery Discover,explore and enjoy award-winning Tullie House,where historic collections,contemporary art and family fun are brought together in one impressive museum and art gallery.There are four fantastic galleries to visit from fine art to interactive fun,so theres something for everyone!Open:High Season 1 Apr 31 Oct:Mon to Sat 10.00 17.00,Sun 11.00 17.00.Low Season 1 Nov 31 Mar:Mon to Sat 10.00 16.30,Sun 12.00 16.30.Town:Carlisle Dove Cottage&The wordsworth Museum Discover William Wordsworths inspirational home.Take a tour of his Lakeland cottage,walk through his hillside garden and explore the riches of the collection in the Museum.Visit the shop and relax in the caf.Exhibitions,events and family activities throughout the year.Open:Daily,09.30 17.30(last admission 17.00).Town:Grasmere 21.When is the House at Dalemain Mansion&Historic Gardens open on Sundays in July?A.09.30-17.30.B.10.30-16.00.C.11.15-16.00.D.12.00-16.30 22 What can visitors do at Abbot Hall Art Gallery&Museum?A.Enjoy Ronneys works.B.Have some interactive fun.C.Attend a famous festival.D.Learn the history of a family 23.Where should visitors go if they want to explore Wordsworths life?A.Penrith.B.Kendal.C.Carlisle.D.Grasmere.【答案】21.C 22.A 23.D【解析】本文是应用文。是湖区景点指南，介绍了几个主要的景点的特色，地点和参观时间。【21 题详解】细节理解题。根据题干中的 Dalemain Mansion&Historic Gardens 可知定位在第一部分，根据段中的House:11:15-16:00 可知，在 7 月周日的参观时间是 11:15-16:00。C.11:15-16:00.符合以上说法，故选 C 项。【22 题详解】细节理解题。根据题干中的 Abbot Hall Art Gallery&Museum 可知答案定位在第二部分，根据其中的 The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives.(令人印象深刻的永久性收藏包括特纳和罗姆尼，临时展览计划有卡纳莱托和来自圣艾夫斯的艺术家)可知，在这个博物馆可以欣赏到 Romneys 的作品。A.Enjoy Romneys works.(欣赏 Romneys 的作品)符合以上说法，故选 A 项。【23 题详解】细节理解题。根据题干中的 explore Wordsworths life 可知答案定位在最后一部分第一句，以及最后一行 Town:Grasmere 可知，如果想了解 Wordsworths 的生活，可以去 Grasmere。D.Grasmere.符合以上说法，故选 D 项。B Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child,but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills.Psychologist Susan Levine,an expert on mathematics development in young children the University of Chicago,found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills.Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition(认知)after controlling for differences in parents income,education and the amount of parent talk,Levine said.The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.“The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not,on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate(旋转)and translate shapes,”Levine said in a statement.The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would,and about half of children in the study played with puzzles at one time.Higher-income parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently,and both boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills.However,boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls,and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than parents of girls.The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.24.In which aspect do children benefit from puzzle play?A.Building confidence.B.Developing spatial skills.C.Learning self-control.D.Gaining high-tech knowledge.25.What did Levine take into consideration when designing her experiment？A.Parents age.B.Childrens imagination.C.Parents education.D.Child-parent relationship.26.How do boy differ from girls in puzzle play?A.They play with puzzles more often.B.They tend to talk less during the game.C.They prefer to use more spatial language.D.They are likely to play with tougher puzzles.27.What is the text mainly about?A.A mathematical method.B.A scientific study.C.A woman psychologist D.A teaching program.【答案】24.B 25.C 26.D 27.B【解析】本文是说明文。是关于孩子们玩智力游戏的研究，介绍了研究考虑的因素，研究过程和结果。【24 题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 develop better spatial skill(在 2 岁到 4 岁之间玩智力游戏的儿童在空间能力方面更好)可知，孩子们可以从智力游戏中发展更好的空间技能。B.Developing spatial skills(发展空间能力)符合以上说法，故选 B 项。【25 题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中 Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition after controlling for difference in parents income,education and the amount of parent talk,Levine said.(Levine 说，在控制了不同父母的收入、教育和父母谈话次数后，拼图游戏被发现是一个重要的认知预测)可知 Levine 在设计这个试验时考虑了父母的收入、教育程度和父母谈话的次数。C.Parents education.(父母的教育)符合以上说法，故选 C 项。【26 题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中 However,boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls,可知男孩比女孩更喜欢玩复杂的谜题，即他们可能会玩难度更大的谜题。D.They are likely to play with tougher puzzles.(他们有可能玩更复杂的谜题)符合以上说法，故选 D 项。【27 题详解】主旨大意题。本文是关于孩子们玩智力游戏的研究，介绍了研究考虑的因素，研究过程和结果。所以是关于科学研究的。B.A scientific study(一项科学研究)符合以上说法，故选 B 项。C When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your holiday list,fur probably didnt cross your mind.But some ecologists and fashion(时装)enthusiasts are trying to bring back the market for fur made from nutria(海狸鼠).Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have(showcased)nutria fur made into clothes in different styles.“It sounds crazy to talk about guilt-free fur-unless you understand that the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year”,says Cree McCree,project director of Righteous Fur.Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned that they decided to pay hunters$5 a tail.Some of the fur ends up in the fashion shows like the one in Brooklyn last month.Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild.“The ecosystem down there cant handle this non-native species(物种).Its destroying the environment.Its them or us.”says Michael Massimi,an expert in this field.The fur trade kept nutria check for decades，but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s，the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.Biologist Edmond Mouton runs the nutria control program for Louisiana.He says its not easy to convince people that nutria fur is green,but he has no doubt about it.Hunters bring in more than 300,000 nutria tails a year,so part of Moutons job these days is trying to promote fur.Then theres Righteous Fur and its unusual fashion.Morgan says，”To give people a guilt-free option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on them-1 think thats going to be a massive thing,at least here in New York.”Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while to come around to the opinion that using nutria fur for her creations is morally acceptable.She trying to come up with a lable to attach to nutria fashions to show it is eco-friendly.28.What is the purpose of the fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn?A.To promote guilt-free fur.B.To expand the fashion market.C.To introduce a new brand.D.To celebrate a winter holiday.29.Why are scientists concerned about nutria?A.Nutria damage the ecosystem seriously.B.Nutria are an endangered species.C.Nutria hurt local cat-sized animals.D.Nutria are illegally hunted.30.What does the underlined word“collapsed”in paragraph 5 probably mean?A.Boomed.B.Became mature.C.Remained stable.D.Crashed.31.What can we infer abouf wearing fur in New York according to Morgan?A.Its formal.B.Its risky.C.Its harmful.D.Its traditional.【答案】28.A 29.A 30.D 31.B【解析】本文是说明文。介绍了美国新奥良和布鲁克林举办了不同寻常的时装秀。展出海狸鼠制成的皮衣。海狸鼠们每年都在破坏大片的湿地，因此设计师称这是一种环保的举措，科学家们也对海狸鼠损坏生态平衡表示了担忧。【28 题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段 Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have showcased nutria fur made into clothes in different styles.“It sounds crazy to talk about guilt-free fur-unless you understand that the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year,”says Cree McCree,project director of Righteous Fur.得知，美国新奥尔良和布鲁克林举办了不同寻常的时装秀，时装秀上展出海狸鼠皮制成的不同风格的衣服，项目总监 Cree McCree 说：“除非了解海狸鼠正每年破坏大片湿地，否则谈论无罪感皮衣是很疯狂的事情”，可以判断出由于海狸鼠对生态造成了巨大的破坏，这场海狸鼠皮衣时装秀销售的是无罪恶感皮衣。故选 A。【29 题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段 Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned that they decided to pay hunters$5 a tail.得知，科学家们如此担心以至于他们决定按照一条海狸鼠尾巴付给猎人们 5 美元，可以推断出科学家们担忧海狸鼠们严重破坏生态平衡，。故选 A。【30 题详解】词义猜测题。根据第五段 The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades,but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s,the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.得知，毛皮贸易使海狸鼠受到了几十年的控制，但是当海狸鼠市场在 20 世纪 80 年代末崩溃时，这种猫大小的动物数量疯长，根据 but 判断，这是转折关系，以前由于皮毛交易，海狸鼠处于控制，现在这种海狸鼠之所以能够数量激增，是由于市场不再销售海狸鼠皮毛导致的，可以推断出划线词 collapsed 是和 D.crashed 倒闭的意思最相近。故选 D。【31 题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段 Model Paige Morgan says,“To give people a guilt free option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on them-I think thats going to be a massive thing,at least in New York.”得知，为了给人们一种无罪的选择，人们可以穿皮衣而不被人们泼油漆，我认为在纽约将是一件巨大的事情，根据模特摩根所说得知，在纽约穿皮质衣服是有风险的。故选 B。D I have a special place in my heart for libraries.I have for as long as I can remember.I was always an enthusiastic reader,sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child.Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball or went to parties,I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old.It was a dream job and I did everything from shelving books to reading to the children for story time.As I grew older and became a mother,the library took on a new place and an added meaning in my life.I had several children and books were our main source(来源)of entertainment.It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local library,where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them.I always read,using different voices,as though I were acting out the stories with my voice and they loved it!It was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books.Now,I see my children taking their children to the library and I love that the excitement of going to the library lives on form generation to generation.As a novelist,Ive found a new relationship with libraries.I encourage readers to go to their local library when they cant afford to purchase a book.I see libraries as a safe haven(避风港)for readers and writers,a bridge that helps put together a reader with a book.Libraries,in their own way,help fight book piracy(盗版行为)and 1 think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can.Encourage readers to use the library.Share library announcements on your social media.Frequent them and talk about them when you can.32.Which word best describes the authors relationship with books as a child?A.Cooperative.B.Une