初中非谓语动词.pptx

非谓语动词动词都有什么形式？动词都有什么形式？dodoesdiddoingto dodone不做能谓语动词的形式：不做能谓语动词的形式：DoingTo dodone非谓语动词一.非谓语动词的概念:动词在句中不充当谓语.二.非谓语动词的分类:不定式动名词分词I.Doing形式：动名词动名词:名词性质名词性质,即动词后加即动词后加ing,ing,就使之变成了一个名词来用就使之变成了一个名词来用;现在分词现在分词:仍为动词性质仍为动词性质,或有时或有时可充当形容词来用可充当形容词来用.一.作主语:(动名词)TeachingTeaching is my job.is my job.LearningLearning a foreign language is a foreign language is important for you.important for you.二.作宾语:(动名词)1.1.只能加动名词作宾语的动词只能加动名词作宾语的动词:give up,miss,mind,enjoy,practice,give up,miss,mind,enjoy,practice,keep,finish,feel like,favor,fancykeep,finish,feel like,favor,fancy，worth,consider,look forward to,have worth,consider,look forward to,have funfun 哥哥妹妹期盼哥哥妹妹期盼e e起在起在WCWC开心的开心的PK F4PK F42.既可加既可加doing又可加又可加to do作宾语的动词作宾语的动词:A.continue,begin,startA.continue,begin,start 无区别无区别B.like,dislike,love,hateB.like,dislike,love,hate +doing +doing 长期爱好或习惯长期爱好或习惯 +to do +to do 暂时想法暂时想法C.go on,stopC.go on,stop +doing +doing 继续继续/停止做一件事停止做一件事 +to do +to do 继续继续/停止做另一件事停止做另一件事D.D.forget,rememberforget,remember +doing +doing 忘记忘记/记得做过的事记得做过的事 +to do +to do 忘记忘记/记得要去做某事记得要去做某事E.try/canE.try/cant helpt help try doing try doing 尝试做某事尝试做某事 try to do try to do 尽力地做某事尽力地做某事 cancant help doing t help doing 情不自禁做某事情不自禁做某事 cancant help to do t help to do 不能帮助做某事不能帮助做某事3.作介词的宾语:dream of,keep sb.from,dream of,keep sb.from,be good at (do well in),be good at (do well in),give up,spend st./sm.(in),give up,spend st./sm.(in),be busy,be successful in,be busy,be successful in,be interested inbe interested in三.作表语:(动名词&现在分词)试分析两句话中的试分析两句话中的doingdoing形式形式,哪哪个是动名词个是动名词,哪个是现在分词哪个是现在分词?His hobby is His hobby is paintingpainting.The news is The news is exciting.exciting.只有动名词只有动名词(名词性质名词性质)可以作主语可以作主语,而仍是动词性质的现在分词则不能而仍是动词性质的现在分词则不能,所以调换主语和表语位置便知所以调换主语和表语位置便知.PaintingPainting is his hobby.(is his hobby.(正确句子正确句子)Exciting Exciting is the news.(is the news.(不成句不成句)所以所以paintingpainting是动名词是动名词,而是而是excitingexciting现在分词现在分词.四.作定语:(动名词&现在分词)动名词作定语动名词作定语,表示中心词的用途表示中心词的用途:a a diningdining hall,a hall,a waitingwaiting room,room,a a swimmingswimming pool,a pool,a sleepingsleeping car,car,现在分词作定语现在分词作定语,1.1.表示正在进行某主动动作的表示正在进行某主动动作的:the the risingrising sun sunthe man the man ridingriding a horse a horsethe singer the singer standingstanding on the stage on the stage2.2.表示表示 “令人令人的的”an interesting bookan interesting book a frightening tiger a frightening tiger分辨动名词和现在分词sleeping pillsflying birdsfalling leaveswashing machinesleeping beautysleeping bag五.作状语:(现在分词)作伴随状语作伴随状语:(伴随着的动作为主动伴随着的动作为主动)I ran out of the house,I ran out of the house,cryingcryingSally was lying on the bed,Sally was lying on the bed,thinkingthinking.高中考查点高中考查点六.作宾补:(现在分词)1.1.感官动词感官动词 +sb.+doing+sb.+doingSee,look at,watch,notice,See,look at,watch,notice,observe,observe,Hear,listen to,find,feelHear,listen to,find,feel(五看两听两五看两听两f)f)2.have/keep/leave/get+sb.+2.have/keep/leave/get+sb.+doingdoing 使某人一直做某事使某人一直做某事动名词的固定用法（）go+doing go huntinggo fishing2.Be worth doing 值得做.The film The film“KungfuKungfu”is is worth seeing.worth seeing.3.Its no use doing sth.Its no use crying.II II.to do 一、不定式结构结构:肯定肯定:to do 否定否定:not to do一般式一般式:to do (被动被动:to be done)进行式进行式:to be doing完成式完成式:to have done (被动被动:to have been done)二.不定式作用:1.起名词作用起名词作用:主语主语,表语表语,宾语宾语,宾语补足语宾语补足语2.起形容词作用起形容词作用:定语定语3.副词作用副词作用:状语状语1.*主.表To see is to believe.To say is one thing,to do is quite another.(常用常用itit作形式主语作形式主语)It is important to learn it.*不定式做宾语用在及物动词之后want,wish,hope,agree,promise,demand,ask,refuse,manage,learn,decide,pretend,choose.巧记巧记:三个希望一承诺，三个希望一承诺，拒绝要求再提问，拒绝要求再提问，设法学会表同意，决定假装做选择设法学会表同意，决定假装做选择.选择选择选择选择He agrees to show.作定语:(常后置)I have no wish to quarrel with you.I have nothing to worry about.注意注意:如不定式中动词是不及物的如不定式中动词是不及物的,后面后面介词不能丢介词不能丢.高中考点高中考点Please give me a chair to sit on.I want a pen to write _.with*宾补She advised him to do so.*做宾补 不带to的不定式*表示感官的动词如表示感官的动词如:see,hear,watch,feel,notice某些使役动词某些使役动词let,make,have注注:变被动要还原变被动要还原“to”It made me feel thirsty.I was made to feel thirsty.必须使用不带to的动词不定式had better do.最好还是最好还是做做would rather do 宁愿宁愿做做rather than do 而不是而不是做做would you please do 请您做请您做*复合宾语中结构要认清*Bush found it difficult to kill Bin Laden to do 经常作真正宾语出现经常作真正宾语出现Everyone is the person to believe in.2.不定式当形容词用：不定式当形容词用：形容词形容词修饰名词时，位于名词修饰名词时，位于名词之前之前，但但不定式不定式作形容词时放在所修饰的名词作形容词时放在所修饰的名词之后之后（又称（又称后置定语后置定语）3不定式当副词用()不定式在句中表示目的不定式在句中表示目的原因结果等原因结果等I am sorry to hear that.car accident(2).tooto：太以至于不能世界上最小的房子世界上最小的房子The house is too small to live in.(3)so as+to do “目的状语目的状语”so+形容词形容词(副词副词)+as+to do “结果状语结果状语”He shows himself so as to beg money.They are so tired as to lie on the ground.其他用法:不定式与疑问代词,疑问副词连用I dont know which to choose.How to When to What to Why to Where to.Which to We tried to,but failed.不定式的省略:在上下文连接比较紧密的时候,为了避免重复,将相同的部分省略,但to 不要省略不定式有标记不定式有标记,to 与动原连一起与动原连一起没有人称数变化没有人称数变化,动词特点它具动词特点它具备备.主宾定状表补语主宾定状表补语,唯独做谓不可唯独做谓不可以以.Not 加上不定式加上不定式,否定结构要牢否定结构要牢记记.疑问词与不定式疑问词与不定式,构成短语有意构成短语有意义义.仔细推敲多思考仔细推敲多思考,准确判断有依准确判断有依据据.III.done III.done 形式形式一一.作表语作表语:表示所处的状态表示所处的状态excited,interested,surprised,excited,interested,surprised,pleased,worried,marriedpleased,worried,married感到感到的的二.作定语:1.表示已经完成的某被动动作的:the the risingrising sun sun the the risenrisen sun sun2.感到的:a a frighteningfrightening girl girl a a frightenedfrightened girl girl三.作状语:常作伴随状语常作伴随状语:(伴随着的动作为被动伴随着的动作为被动)The teacher stood there,The teacher stood there,surroundedsurrounded by the students.by the students.Sanmao sat in the corner,Sanmao sat in the corner,laughed atlaughed at by by other boys.other boys.高中考查点高中考查点四.作宾补:表示宾语表示宾语 “已经被已经被”1.like,want,wish1.like,want,wish，have have 等表示等表示 “希望希望,要求要求”的动词的动词:The teacher doesnThe teacher doesnt want such t want such questions questions discusseddiscussed in class.in class.I donI dont want the child t want the child takentaken out in out in such weather.such weather.2.2.三看一听两三看一听两f fsee,watch,noticesee,watch,notice，hear,feel,findhear,feel,findI found all the rooms I found all the rooms brokenbroken into.into.He felt his face He felt his face lostlost before his friends.before his friends.3.have,keep,make,let,leave3.have,keep,make,let,leave等词等词.Keep your mouth Keep your mouth shut shut and your eyes openand your eyes openI Ill have my hair ll have my hair cutcut next week.next week.