职称英语考试——卫生c-secret.docx

2008年度全国职称外语等级考试试卷
卫生类C级

第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)
下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1. We'll give every teacher room for development.
A. place B. employment C. space D. house
2. The policeman asked him to identify the thief.
A. name B. describe C. capture D. call
3. We were all there when the accident occurred.
A. happened B. broke C. spread D. appeared
4. It took me exactly a week to complete the work.
A. start B. achieve C. improve D. finish
5. The herb medicine eventually cured her disease.
A. nicely B. apparently C. finally D. naturally
6. This new policy has led to a dramatic increase production.
A. minor B. striking C. fixed D. modest
7. Poor schooling was the root of the unemployment problem.
A. base B. result C. cause D. force
8. John survives on 100 pounds a month.
A. puts B. lives C. borrows D. spends
9. One's economic condition often affects his or her way of life.
A. determines B. shows C. influences D. confines

10. If you want to keep healthy, you should vary the foods you eat.
A .reject B. accept C. change D. choose
11. She found me very dull.
A. dirty B. sleepy C. lazy D. boring
12. The President made a brief visit to Beijing.
A. short B. working C. formal D. secret
13. He was persuaded to give up the idea.
A. mention B. accept C. consider D. drop
14. Jack consumes a pound of cheese a day.
A. eats B. drinks C. buys D. produces
15. Mary just told us a very fascinating story.
A. strange B. frightening C. difficult D. interesting

第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)
下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

Survey Finds Many Women Misinformed about Cancer

Sixty-three percent of American women think that if there’s no family history of cancer, you’re not likely to develop the disease, a new survey found.
In fact, most people who develop cancer have no family history of cancer, according to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) (美国妇产科医师学会), which sponsored the survey.
“Too many women are dying from cancer,” Dr. Douglas W. Laube, ACOG’s immediate past president, said during a Friday teleconference. “An estimated 200, 070women will die in the U.S. this year, and over 600, 078
women will be diagnosed with cancer, The results of this survey found a worrisome (令人担忧的) gap in women’s know ledge about cancer.”
Based on the findings, ACOG is increasing its efforts to educate women about cancer and the need for regular screening tests.
Although the survey found many misconceptions (错误观念) about cancer, 76 percent of women surveyed did say they feel knowledgeable about how they can reduce their risk of the disease.
However, only 52 percent said they were doing enough to reduce that risk. And 10 percent said they hadn’t done anything in the past year to lower their risk. Seventeen percent said they wouldn’t change their lifestyles, even if changes would lower their cancer risk.
Many women said they were afraid to undergo screening out of fear of finding cancer. Twenty percent said they didn’t want to know if they had cancer.
In response to these findings, ACOG will launch on Oct. 29 a new website-Protect＆Detect：What Women Should Know about Cancer. The guide is designed to help women to take charge of their health and improve their understanding of their risk of cancer-and the lifestyle steps they can take to cut that risk.

1 6. Many American women have a poor knowledge of cancer.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

1 7. People with no family history of cancer are unlikely to develop cancer.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

1 8. More women are dying from cancer than men in America.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

1 9. Most American women know too little about how to lower their cancer risk.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

20. Some American women are just unwilling to change their lifestyles.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
21. Some American Women are too afraid of finding cancer to undergo screening.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
22. ACOG’s efforts to educate women about cancer will be greatly appreciated.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)
“下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2-5段每段选择1个最佳标题；(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

Anti-Aging Secrets：Four Ways to Stay Young

1 The aging process is not easy for anyone. While some people accept getting older and do everything within their power to keep the mind and body active，others adopt a negative attitude and give in to the effects of aging. However, the key to feeling young is maintaining a young mental state. Moreover, simple lifestyle changes can make you feel years younger.
2 Keeping the mind active is the best medicine against aging. Studies have shown that persons who remain active following retirement live longer. Brainpower and physical fitness go hand-in-hand. When minds are sharpened or active, we are more likely to be physically active. Even if aging results in slight memory loss or a little confusion，brain exercises such as crossword puzzles (填字字谜) can improve memory.
3 Some persons are naturally introverted (内倾性格的) or shy, which can result in isolation. If you want to live a long life, void isolation. Maintaining healthy relationships has lasting benefits．Establishing strong relationships could lower blood pressure, promote relaxation, ease pain, and may even strengthen the immune system (免疫系统).
4 Too much stress can quickly age people. Completely ridding (使摆脱) our lives of stress is impossible. On the other hand, we can adopt simple techniques for better coping with life’s problems, including reducing chaos,
setting realistic goals，and relaxing.
5 If you think that you are old, you feel old. Try to be cheerful and avoid developing a negative attitude towards life. Sometimes, this involves changing our association, Surrounding yourself with complainers will start to influence your attitude to life. We all experience hardships. Rather than focusing on the unpleasant, reflect on the positive things about life.

23. Paragraph 2__________
24. Paragraph 3__________
25. Paragraph 4__________
26. Paragraph 5__________

A. Avoid Isolation
B. Adopt a Positive Attitude to Life
C. Keep Your Mind Active
D. Maintain Balance
E. Accept Failure
F. Reduce Stress

27. There is no better medicine against aging than__________.
28. Isolation may keep a person from__________.
29. Relaxation is one of the techniques for better__________.
30. It is wise of US to avoid__________.

A. dealing with life’s problems
B. keeping the mind active
C. changing our association
D. living a long life
E. setting realistic goals
F. focusing on the unpleasant

第4部分：阅读理解(第31~45题，每题3分，共45分)
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇： Losing Weight

Girls as young as 10 years old are dieting and in danger of developing unhealthy attitudes to weight, body image and food, a group of Toronto researchers reported Tuesday.
Their study of 2,279 girls aged 10 to 14 showed that while the vast majority had healthy weights, nearly a third felt they were overweight (超重的) and were trying to lose pounds. Even at the tender (幼稚的) age of 10, nearly 32 percent of the girls felt “too fat” and 31 percent said they were trying to diet.
McVey, a researcher at the Hospital for Sick Children Toronto, and her colleagues analyzed data collected in a number of surveys of southern Ontario schoolgirls between 1993 and 2003, reporting their findings in Tuesday’s issue of the Canadian Medical Association Journal.
Nearly 80 percent of the girls had a healthy body weight and only 7.2 percent were considered overweight using standard weight-to-height ratios. Most researchers suggest the rate of overweight children in this country is several times higher than that figure.
Nearly 30 percent of the girls reported they were currently trying to lose weight, though few admitted to dangerous behavior such as self-induced vomiting (自导的呕吐).
Still, a test that measured attitudes towards eating showed 10.5 percent of survey participants were already at risk of developing an eating disorder.
“ We’re not talking about kids who’ve been prescribed (嘱咐) a diet because they’re above average weight or overweight. We’re talking about children who are within a healthy weight range. And they have taken it upon themselves to lose weight,” McVey said, acknowledging she found the rates disturbing. She said striking a balance between healthy weights and healthy attitudes towards food and body image is a complex task, with no easy
solutions.

31. The study showed that most of the 2,279 girls
A. had unhealthy attitudes to weight.
B. were overweight.
C. were on a diet.
D. had healthy weights.

32. Which of the following statements is probably NOT true?
A. The surveys were conducted in a period of 10 years.
B. The girls ranged in age from 10to 14.
C. Only 7.2 percent of children in the country are overweight.
D. Over 30 percent of the girls considered themselves overweight.

33. What kind of institution did the lead researcher work for?
A A medical association. B A primary school.
C A hospital. D A charity.

34. Unhealthy attitudes to weight，body image and food may
A. arise from dangerous behavior.
B. lead to an eating disorder.
C. result in an increase in height.

D. keep the balance between height and weight.

35. Many of the normal—weight girls were trying to lose pounds
A. of their own free will.
B. out of sheer necessity.
C. through self-induced vomiting.
D. under the Orders of their doctors.

第二篇 Stop Eating Too Much

“Clean your plate!” and “Be a member of the clean-plate club!” Just about every kid in the US has heard this from a parent or grandparent. Often, it’s accompanied by an appeal: “Just think about those starving orphans (孤儿) in Africa!” Sure, we should be grateful for every bite of food. Unfortunately, many people in the US take too many bites. Instead of staying “clean the plate”，perhaps we should save some food for tomorrow.
According to news reports, US restaurants are partly to blame for the growing bellies (肚子). A waiter puts a plate of food in front of each customer, with two to four times the amount recommended by the government，according to a USA Today story. Americans traditionally associate quantity with value and most restaurants try to give them that．They prefer to have customers complain about too much food rather than too little.
Barbara Rolls，a nutrition (营养) professor at Pennsylvania State University, told USA Today that restaurant portion sizes began to grow in the 1970s, the same time that the American waistline (腰围) began to expand.
Health experts have tried to get many restaurants to serve smaller
portions. Now, apparently, some customers are calling for this too. The restaurant industry trade magazine QSR reported last month that 57 percent of more than 4,000 people surveyed believed restaurants served portions that were too large; 23 percent had no opinion；20percent disagreed. But a closer look at the survey indicates that many Americans who can’t afford fine dining still prefer large portions. Seventy percent of those earning at least $1 50,000 per year prefer smaller portions；but only 45 percent of those earning less than$25,000 want smaller.
It’s not that working class Americans don’t want to eat healthy. It’s just that, after long hours at low-paying jobs, getting less on their plate hardly seems like a good deal. They live from paycheck (薪金支票) to paycheck, happy to save a little money for next year’s Christmas presents.

36. Parents in the United States tend to ask their children
A. to save food for tomorrow.
B. to wash the dishes.
C. not to waste food.
D. not to eat too much.

37. Why do American restaurants serve large portions?
A Because Americans associate quantity with value.
B Because Americans have big bellies.
C Because Americans are good eaters.
D Because Americans are too weak.

38. What happened in the 1 970s?
A The US government called on its people to reduce their weight.
B Health experts persuaded restaurants to serve smaller portions.
C The United States produced more grain than needed.
D The American waistline started to expand.

39. What does the survey indicate?
A Many low-income Americans want large portions.
B Twenty percent of Americans want smaller portions.

C Fifty--seven percent of Americans want large portions.
D Forty--five percent of Americans want smaller portions.

40. Which of the following is NOT true 0f working class Americans?
A. They work long hours.
B. They live from paycheck to paycheck.
C. They don’t want to be healthy eaters.
D. They want to save money for presents.

第三篇
U.S. Life Expectancy Hits New High

Life expectancy rates in the United States are at an all—time high, with people born in 2005 projected to live for nearly 78 years, a new federal study finds.
The finding reflects a continuing trend of increasing life expectancy that began in 1955, when the average American lived to be 69.6 years old. By 1995，life expectancy was 75.8 years, and by 2005, it had risen to 77.9 years, according to the report released Wednesday.
“This is good news,” said report co-author Donna Hoyert , a health scientist at the National Center for Health Statistics．“It’s even beer news that it is a continuation 0f trends，so it is a long period of continuing improvement.’’
Despite the upward trend, the United States still has a lower life expectancy than some 40 other countries，according to the U.S. Census (人口普查) Bureau. The country with the longest life expectancy is Andorra at 83.5 years, followed by Japan, Macau, San Marino and Singapore.
Much of the increase owes to declining death rates from the three leading causes of death in the country-heart disease，cancer and stroke.
In addition, in 2005, the U.S. death rate dropped to an all-time low of less than 800 deaths per 100,000.
Dr. David Katz, director of the Prevention Research Center at Yale University School of Medicine, said, “News that life expectancy is increasing is, of course，good. But the evidence we hav