七年级上---知识点梳理及易错题专练.docx

七年级上 知识点梳理
Unit 3 Is this your pencil?
重要短语：
1. Excuse me. 对不起，劳驾，打扰一下，请问
2. thanks for..../thank you for.... 因为....而感谢你。
* for 是介词，后面常跟名词、代词和动词的ing 形式作宾语。
如： Thanks for your help.(名词）
Thank you for helpiing me.( V.ing 形式）
3. in the library 在阅览室，在图书室
4. ask sb. for sth. 问某人要某物，向某人要某物 ask 反：answer
5. in Class 2,Grade 7 在七年级2班 （班级在前，年级在后）
6. call sb. at + 电话号码 给某人打电话，号码是....
7. e- mail sb. at + 邮箱地址 给某人发邮件，地址是....
8. in the lost and found 在失物招领处
9. a set of keys 一串钥匙 * a set of 修饰名词时，谓语动词的形式要和set 保持一致，即set 是单数，动词用单数，set 是复数，动词用复数。如： A set of books is on the desk.
10. must 必须 它是情态动词，后面的动词要用原型
重点句型：
1. ——Is this your pencil? ——Yes, it is. It’s mine. = my+pencil
2. ——Are these your erasers? ——No, they’re Bob’s.
Bob’s 鲍勃的 ’s是名词所有格形式，表示“某人的”
如果是几人共同拥有的，只在最后的名词加’s,
如： Lucy and Lily’s room 露西和丽丽的房间，room 是单数
如果是各自拥有的，就分别加 ’s
如：Lucy’s and Lily’s beds 露西和丽丽的床 beds 是复数形式
如果名词是以s 结尾的复数，则只加 ’
如：in your grandparents’ room在你祖父母的房间里
3. What/ How about ......? ......怎么样？/好吗？/呢？
此句型用于询问意见，征求看法或提建议。
考点聚焦：about 是介词，其后跟动词时，要用v.ing 形式。
如： What about playing basketball? 打篮球怎么样？
4. ——Thanks / Thank you for your help. 谢谢你的帮助。
—— You’re welcome./That’s all right./That’s OK. 不用谢。
5. I must find it . 我必须找到它。it 是宾格，做动词 find 的宾语。
find ：找到，发现 （找的结果） look for....寻找（找的动作）
语法盘点：
1. 本单元的语法是掌握名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词的用法
必须记住：形容词性物主代词如同形容词，其后要跟名词。
而名词性物主代词就相当于名词，因此后面不能再跟名词。
所以“看后面有无名词”就是判断用哪种类型的物主代词的根据
如：Is that________ （her)dictionary? 有名词dictionary ,要填形容词性物主代词her。
Is that watch ________ (you)? 其后没有名词，要填名词性物主代词yours.
2 . some 和any 一些，几个
some 用于肯定句和疑问句. 用于疑问句主要表示“请求，劝请，希望得到肯定的答复等”
如： Could you lend me some money? 你能借给我些钱吗？
（ 请求/希望得到肯定的答复 ）
Would you like some milk? 喝些牛奶好吗？（劝请）

Unit 4 Where’s my schoolbag?
重要短语：
1. come on 快点，加油，行啦。用于催促，鼓励或劝慰某人。
2. in the classroom/bookcase 在教室里/书柜里
3. on the table/sofa 在餐桌上沙发上 4. under the chair 在椅子下面
5. model plane 飞机模型 6. tape player录像机，磁带播放机
6. in your grandparents’ room在你祖父母的房间里
重点句型：
1. ——Where’s the map？地图在哪儿？
——It’s in your grandparents’ room在你祖父母的房间里。
2. ——Where are my books? 我的书在哪里？
—— They’re in the bookcase. 它们在书柜里。
3. It’s not under the chair. 它不在椅子下面。 否定句
4. I don’t know. 我不知道。 know 和no 是同音词
5. I think it’s in your grandparents’ room.我想它在你祖父母的房间里。
think 想，认为，思考
有think的句子变否定句要否定think,称为“否定前移”
如： I think your are right.我认为你是对的。
否定句：I don’t think you are right. 我认为你不对。
I think so. 否定句： I don’t think so.
6. I’m tidy, but my sister Gina is not.
我很有条理，但是我妹妹Gina 没有条理。
but 但是 ，是转折连词，表示前后意义是相反或相对的
7. I’m Kate, and my sister is Gina.
我叫Kate,我的妹妹叫Gina.
and 是并列连词. 可连接并列的1）单词，2）词组或3）句子
如： 1）My books and tapes are in the bookcase. 连接并列的单词
2）Gina’s books are on the sofa and under the chair. 连接并列词组
3） My pencil box is in my schoolbag and my schoolbag is under the desk. 连接两个并列的句子
*注意：and连接并列的名词或代词做主语时，谓语动词要用复数
例如：Tom and Bill are friends.
My English book and watch are on the desk.
You and I______ students. (are)
Where_____the ruler and the model car? (are)
语法盘点：
1. everywhere =here and there ,到处，处处
注意： 其前不能加介词in/on/under/behind 等
如： Her books are in everywhere. × （介词in 去掉）
2. always 总是，一直，是频率副词
你还记得吗？
usually 通常 often 经常 sometimes 有时候 never 从来不
他们的位置是“情（态动词） be 后，实（义）动（词）前”
Gina always asks . ask 是实义动词，所以always 放在它前面。
He is always late for school. 位于be 动词is 后面
3. 本单元语法是询问物品的位置
Where’s /Where is + 单数名词？回答： It’s in/on/under the....
Where are + 复数名词？ 回答：They’re in/on/under....
4. His the notebook is on the bed. 改错
形容词性物主代词his/her/my/your/their/our 和定冠词the，指示代词this/that/these/those都可以修饰名词，但是不能同时用,只能用一个。
His notebook is on the bed.或 The notebook is on the bed.
Unit 5 Do you have a soccer ball?
重要短语：
1.be late for.... ....迟到 如：be late for school/class/ the meeting
上学迟到/上课迟到/开会迟到
Tony is a good boy. He is never late for school .
Tony 是个好孩子，他上学从来不迟到。
2. let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 sb.如果是人称代词要用宾格，sb.后面的动词要用原形。 例如：Let me help you.
3.sound interesting/ relaxing/great听起来有趣/很轻松（惬意）/棒
sound是系动词,后面跟形容词做表语。
4. play soccer/ping-pong/tennis 踢足球/打乒乓球/打网球
5. play volleyball打排球6.play basketball 打篮球
7. play baseball 打棒球8. play sports 做运动，进行体育锻炼
9.the same+n.(一般为单数）10.play computer games 玩游戏
11. go to the same school 去同一所学校/在同一所学校上学
12.at /in school 在学校 13. after school /class 放学后/下课后
14. be difficult/easy for sb. 对某人来说困难/容易
English is easy for you, but it is difficult for me.
英语对你来说容易，但是对我来说困难。
15. do sth. with sb. 和某人一起做某事
with 是介词，后面的宾语如果是人称代词，要用人称代词宾格
如： Can you play tennis with me? 你能和我一起打网球吗？
She often watches TV with her grandma. 她和奶奶一起看电视。
16. watch sports on TV 在电视上看体育节目
重点句型：
1. ——Do you have a baseball? —— Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
2. ——Does he have a tennis ball? —— Yes, he does./ No, he doesn’t.
3. He has two ping-pong balls. 他有两个乒乓球。 主语he是第三人称单数，谓语动词要用单三式（has 是have 的单三式）
4. We play soccer at school with our friends.
我们在学校和朋友一起踢足球。
5. I love sports ,but I don’t play them——I only watch them on TV.
我热爱体育，但是我不做运动，我只在电视上看体育节目。
6. I don’t play soccer. It’s difficult /not easy for me.
7. I like ping-pong. It’s easy for me. 我喜欢乒乓球。它对我来说容易。
8. Let me get it.让我去把它取来。get 取，拿
9. I play soccer with my friends after school. 我和朋友们放学后踢足球。
10. I don’t have a soccer ball, but my brother Alan does.
does 在这儿是代替前面的动词短语have a soccer ball
语法盘点：
1. 本单元的语法是：实意动词在一般现在时中的各种句式。
陈述句： I have a tennis ball. He has two basketballs.
否定句： I don’t have a tennis ball. He doesn’t have two basketballs.
一般疑问句： Do / Does + 主语+ have（动词原形）+ 宾语 ?
肯定回答：Yes, 主语+ do/does. 否定回答：No, 主语+ don’t /doesn’t.
注意： 主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用单三式形式。这是一个小难点，但是只要你牢记“主、谓一致”原则，理解“谓语动词要和主语在人称和数方面保持一致”，就能通过多练达到“熟能生巧”。
1.My father______(have) a new watch.
2.She _____(have) two volleyballs.
3. I have a soccer ball.( 变为否定句）
4. Tony has some ping-pong balls.( 变为一般疑问句）
5. My sister loves sports. ( 变为否定句）
Unit 6 Do you like bananas?
短语集锦：
1. birthday dinner 生日晚餐 2.this/next week这周/下周 3.think about/of....考虑/思考4.sports star体育明星5.eat/sing/speak well 吃得好/唱得好/说得好6.ask sb. for sth.问某人要某物 ask sb. about ....问某人关于....7.eating habits 饮食习惯8.healthy food健康的食物 one’s health某人的健康9.really like sth.的确喜欢/确实喜欢10.have sth.for breakfast/lunch/dinner早餐/午餐/晚餐吃...11.ask a question/ask some questions 问个问题/问些问题answer the question 回答问题12.after breakfast/ dinner 早饭后/晚饭后13.want sth.想要某物 want to do sth.想做某事 ,want sb .to do sth. 想让某人做某事 14.need to do sth.需要做某事
重点句型：
1.Do you like salad? -------Yes , I like it. ( it 指代salad这个不可数名词,是like 的宾语，故用宾格））
另：it 也可以指代可数名词单数
Do you like bananas? -----No, I don’t like them.（them指代bananas这个可数名词复数，做like 的宾语，用宾格）
2. I like vegetables. They are healthy food.在谈论喜欢或不喜欢某物时，如果该某物是可数名词，必须用复数。
3. Let’s think about the food.
Let ‘s ......用于提建议“咱们......好吗？” 还可以用于提建议的句子有： What/How about doing sth? 做某事怎么样/如何？
Why not do sth.?为什么不做某事呢？
你发现了吗？Let’s 后用动词原形， what/how about 后用v.ing, why not 后用动词原形。
4. You’re right. 你说得对。All right.=OK.行，好，可以。
That’s all right.用于回答“Thank you. ” 或“I’m sorry.”
5. What do you like for breakfast? 你早餐喜欢吃什么？
6. Do you like chicken for dinner?你喜欢晚餐吃鸡肉吗？
7. I don’t want to be fat.我不想变胖。
8. What do you think of/about.....?你认为.....怎么样？
9. David asks the sports star about her eating habits. David 问体育明星关于她的饮食习惯的问题。
10. What/How about doing sth.?做某事怎么样？
词形辨析：
1 .good/well
good是形容词，可以放在名词前修饰该名词，做定语，或在系动词后做表语 如：a good boy （定语） sound good （表语）
well 1)副词， 放在动词后修饰动词，...得好。
2）形容词，身体健康/好 =healthy
3) 语气词
2. health/healthy
health是名词，健康 healthy 是形容词，健康的
3. many/much 许多，很多
many用来修饰可数名词复数,much用来修饰不可数名词
而some的意思是“一些，几个”既可以修饰可数名词复数，又可以修饰不可数名词。

Unit 7 How much are these socks?
短语集锦：
1. a sweater for school 上学穿的毛衣2.look nice/cool 看起来很漂亮/酷e and buy......来买.....4.clothes store 服装店5.at a great sale 在大甩卖/大减价6.sell/buy....at ....以....（价格）卖/买7.at a good price/at good prices以便宜的/合理的价格8. for girls/boys针对女孩/男孩9.in purple/red in all colors 颜色前用介词in 10.buy sb. Sth.=buy sth. for sb. 给某人买东西11.sell sb. Sth.= sell sth. to sb.把某物卖给某人 12. on sale 在出售，大甩卖13. Come to ....到...来
典句必背：
1. Can/May I help you?= What can I do for you?
肯定回答：Yes, I do. 否定回答：No, thanks. Just have a look.
2. I need a sweater for school.
3. It looks nice./ They look nice.
4. Two dollars for one pair and three dollars for two pairs.
5. I’ll take/get/buy two pairs.
6. We sell all our clothes at very good prices.我们以非常合理的价格出售我们所有的服装。
7. For girls ,we have skirts in purple for only 20 dollars.
8. I need a pair of black shoes for school. 我需要一双黑色鞋子上学穿。
9. Those blue trousers are nice. How much are they?
This black bag is nice. How much is it?
10. Come to Mr. Cool’s Clothes Store now.快来酷先生的服装店吧。
知识点拨：
1. How much is /are......?=What’s the price of the.....?本单元是用来问价格的。
How much 还可以用来询问不可数名词的数量。
How much milk do you want? How much chicken do we have?
而 How many则用来询问可数名词的数量。
How many apples are there in the box?
2. ——I need a bag for sports。-——How about this one?
one 在这里不是数词，而是代词，代替前面提到的名词bag
3. I’ll take the black shoes and the skirt.
take 的意思是“买” .另外：1.take 还有“拿走”的意思，是bring的反义词； 2“乘/坐”(交通工具)
1. _____(that) shorts are nice.
2. These______(woman) are teachers.
3. He______(need) a pen for school.
4. The jacket________(look) nice.
5. How much are the________(skirt)?
6. A pair of shoes_________(be) under the bed.
7. I want ______(buy) a shirt for my father.
8. The sweaters are at good _______(price).
9. The trousers are on_______(sell).
10. _______(hundred) of books are in the library.
Three_______(hundred) are about history.

Unit 8 When is your birthday?
短语集锦：
1. on May 2nd. 2. in August 3.Alice’s birthday 4.birthday party
5. at three this afternoon 今天下午三点（注意顺序）6.English test英语考试7. have a school trip 有次校游8.basketball game篮球比赛9.English Day英语日/节10.Sports Day 体育日/节11.art festival 艺术节12.have a book sale 有个售书活动13.School Day 学校开放日14.this term 这学期15.help sb.(to) do sth.=help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事 16.in the school library 在学校图书室17.be busy doing sth.=be busy with sth.忙于做某事18. Have a good time.祝你玩得开心/过得愉快 19. Have a good day. 祝你今天过得快乐。20.play sports 21 .come to our school.来我们学校22. Women’s Day妇女节23.New Year’s Day 新年24.Teachers’ Day 教师节
重点句型：
1. When is your birthday? My birthday is on July 1st.
2. How old +am/is/are +主语? How old is your sister? She is 12 years old.
3. Do you want to come to my birthday party?你想来参加我的生日派对吗？
4. When is your birthday party? ——It’s at three this afternoon.
5. See you./See you later./See you soon./See you then.= Goodbye.
6. We have some interesting and fun things for you this term.
7. October is a great month.
8. We have an English party on November 3rd.
= The English party is on November 3rd.
9. We have a book sale in the school library.
10.What does your friend like to do? 你的朋友喜欢做什么？

知识点解析：
1. 和时间连用的介词in ,on, at,for,from....to....
1) in 用在月份，季节，年份 或泛指的上午、下午、晚上
如：in September ,in winter, in 2015 , in the morning
2) on 用在具体的某一天或 某天的上午、下午、晚上前
如：on May 4th. on Sunday , on the 1st of June, on Children’s Day
on a cold morning , on Tuesday evening
3) at 用在具体的钟点前 或固定的短语中
如： at six O’clock at night , at noon
4) for + 一段时间：for two hours ,for a week
5) from....to ....从...到....:from Monday to Friday
2. 0ther, others ,the other , the others
首先，other 和the other 是形容词，后面跟名词
others和the others 以“s”结尾，就像名词性物主代词，后面不能跟名词了
其次，有冠词the表示有范围，没有the表示没有范围
如： Some books are new, others are old.
There are 34 students in our class. 18 are boys , the others are girls./the other students are girls.
3.名词所有格，序数词 ：参看p85《能力培养与测试》
4.序数词前一般要加定冠词the ,
如：On the 12th and the15th
He is the first to come to school every day.

Unit 9 My favorite subject is science.
短语集锦：
1. play games 做游戏2.the next day/week第二天/下一周
3music class/lesson音乐课4.be busy doing sth.=be busy with sth.忙于做某事5.after that 在那之后6.from....to....从....到....7.finish doing sth.做完/完成某事8.finish one’s homework做完作业9.have art=have an art class/lesson 上美术课10.thanks/thank you for...因为....而感谢你。11.on Friday afternoon在周五下午12.take a /the bus乘公交车13.an art lesson for two hours 两个小时的美术课14.go home 回家15.at home 在家
典句必背:
1. How’s your day at school?你今天在学校过得怎么样？
It’s OK. / Great. / It’s good.
2. He always plays games with us.
3. ——Genny is a good girl. 珍妮是个好女孩。
——That’s for sure. 的确如此。真是这样。
4. Are you OK? 你还好吗？
5. What’s wrong with you? 你怎么了？
6. I am very busy on Friday. 我星期五非常忙。
7. After that I have an art lesson for two hours.
8. Thank your for your e-mail.
9. I want to meet you on Friday afternoon.
10. Is that/it/this OK with you?
11. The girl often helps me with my English.
12. What’s your favorite subject?=What subject do you like best？
**My favorite color is blue.= I like blue best.
知识点解析：
1. favorite=like...best
Favorite 前面必须用形容词性物主代词my,his等或名词所有格David’s , Tom’s
2. Why ...?问句 用Because 回答
because 和so 不能同时用
3. Chinese 1) 可数名词，中国人，单数和复数一样
2）不可数名词，汉语/中文
3) 形容词，中国的，汉语的
4. Who is in the room?在不知道单数、复数的情况下who常常被看作单数，后用v.单三式。 What用法同
5. We have a party on this Saturday.(改错)
On用在具体的某天，某天的上午/下午/晚上前面
但是如果前面有this/that/last/next时，就不能用介词了
6. This is an useful book.(改错）
Useful 虽然是元音字母“u”开头，但是以辅音音标/j/开头，故用冠词a ，不是an
7. He watches TV for a hour every day.(改错）
hour 开始的字母h不发音，以元音音标/au/开头,故应用冠词an.
for +一段时间,表示句中的动作持续了多久。
8. My the third class is science.(改错)
序数词前面一般要加定冠词the,但是如果有形容词性物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格，就不能再用the.

（七年级上学期） 易错题专练
一． 单项选择题
1. A set of keys_____in the Lost and Found case.
A be B is C are D am
2. It is _____notebook.
A my a B an C a my D mine
3. ----My jacket is red, What about______?
-----Mine is blue.
A you B his C her D yours
4. ----Where’s the bag?
-----I think it’s in your_____room.
A parents B grandparents C parents’ D grandparents’s
5. -----Where’s the hat? -----Is______on the table?
A that B this C it D they
6. Cathy and Ann______many erasers.
A has B have C to have D having
7. _______are good friends.
A Shirly, I and you B Shirly ,you and I
C You ,Shirly and I D I ,Shirly and you
8. -----Let’s have a birthday party for Cindy.
-----______.
A That sound good. B That’s sound great.
C Sure. D No sure.
9. Does she_____baseball after school?
A wants play B want to play
C wants to play D want playing
10. -----Does your father eat_____? ------Yes, he does.
A good B nice C many D well
11. Milk and bread ______healthy food.
A are B is C am D be
12. Look !A pair of shoes _____under the bed.
A are B is C am D be
13. The store _____school things____ the students .
A sell, to B buy, to C sells, to D buys , from
14. This is _____room.
A Jane’s and Anna B Jane and Anna
C Jane and Anna’s D Jane’s and Anna’s
15. He goes to bed after he finishes_____.
A watches TV B watch TV C to watch TV