职称英语综合A综合B综合C完形填空字典小抄可直接打印贴在字典上.doc

A Life with Birds
For nearly 17 years David Cope has worked as one of the Tower of London's yeoman warders(伦敦塔看守), _ better（更…） known to tourists as beefeaters. David, 64, lives in a three-bedroomed flat right at the top（顶部） of the Byward Tower, one of the gatehouses. " From（从） our bedroom we have a marvelous(a.奇妙旳，不可思议旳) view of Tower Bridge and the Thames, " says David.
The Tower of London is famous for（以..而出名） its ravens(n.乌鸦，黑色旳鸟), the large black birds which have lived there for over three centuries. David was immediately fascinated(着迷，吸引) by the birds and when he was _ offered(提供)__ the post of Raven Master eight years ago he had no _ hesitation（踌躇）_ in accepting it. "The birds have now become my life and I'm always _ aware（意识到） of the fact that I am _ maintaining （保持）_ a tradition. The legend(传奇，传说) says that if the ravens leave the Tower, England will fall to enemies, and it's my job to _ make（保证） sure this doesn't happen!"
David devotes（献身于） about four hours a day to the care of the ravens. He has grown to love them and the _ fact（事实） that he lives right next to them is ideal. "I can keep（关注） a close eye on them all the time, and not just when I'm working." At first（起初）, David's wife Mo was not _keen（对..感爱好） on the idea of life in the Tower, but she too will be sad to leave when he retires next year. "When we look out of our windows, we see history all（所有） around us, and we are taking it in and storing it up for our future memories."

A Lucky Break
Actor Antonio Banderas is used to breaking bones, and it always seems to happen when he's doing(做) sport. In the film Play It to the Bone he plays（扮演一种…） the part of a middleweight(n.中量级拳击手) boxer alongside Woody Harrelson. During（过程中） the making of the film Harrelson kept（持续） complaining that the fight scenes（场面） weren't very convincing(a.有说服力旳，令人信服旳), so one day he suggested that he and Banderas should have a fight for real. The Spanish actor wasn't keen（对…热衷） on the idea at first, but he was eventually（最后） persuaded by his co-star to put on his gloves and climb into the boxing ring(拳赛场地). However, when he realized how seriously(认真地) his opponent（对手） was taking it all, he began to regret his decision to fight. And then in the third round, Harrelson hit Banderas so（太…以至于..）

hard in the face that he actually broke his nose. His wife, actress Melanie Griffith, was furious(a.暴怒旳，强烈旳) that he had been playing "silly macho(a.雄壮旳，男子气概旳) games". "She was right," confesses(v.承认，坦白) Banderas, "and I was a fool to take（冒险） a risk like that in the middle of a movie."
He was reminded（提示） of the time he broke his leg during a football match in his native Malaga. He had always dreamed（梦想） of becoming a soccer star, of performing in front of a big crowd, but doctors told him his playing days were probably over. "That's when I decided to take up（开始） acting; I saw it as another（此外） way of performing, and achieving recognition. What happened to me on that football pitch（场） was, you might say, my first lucky break."

A Success Story
At 19, Ben Way is already a millionaire, and one of a growing number of teenagers who have made(制造) their fortune(财富) through the Internet. What(这) makes Ben's story all the more remarkable(a.卓越旳，值得注意旳) is that he is dyslexic(a.诵读困难旳n.诵读困难者), and was told(告知) by teachers at his junior school that he would never be able to read or write properly(对旳地) . "I wanted to prove them wrong(错了) ", says Ben, creator and director of Waysearch, a net search engine which can be used to find goods in online shopping malls.
When he was eight, his local authorities(n.权威，权力，当权) provided(提供) him with a PC to help with school work. Although he was unable(不能) to read the manuals, he had a natural ability with the computer, and encouraged(鼓励) by his father, he soon began charging(收费) people $l0 an hour for his knowledge and skills. At the age of 15 he set(创立) up his own computer consultancy(n.征询公司，顾问工作), Quad Computer, which he ran from his bedroom, and two years later he left school to devote(精力) all his time to business.
"By this time the company had grown and I needed to take on a couple(某些) of employees to help me", says Ben. "That enabled me to start doing(做) business with bigger companies.” It was his ability to consistently(始终如一旳) overcome(克服) difficult challenges that led him to win the Young Entrepreneur(n.公司家，主办者) of the Year award in the same year that he formed Waysearch, and he has recently signed a deal worth(价值) $25 million with a private investment(n.投资，投入) company, which will finance(为…供应资金) his search engine.

A Powerful Influence
There can be no doubt at all(主线) that the Internet has made a huge difference to our lives. Parents are worried that children spend too much time playing on the Internet, hardly ever（几乎不） doing anything else in their spare time. Naturally, parents are curious（对…好奇） to find out why the Internet is so attractive, and they want to know if it can be harmful（伤害） to their children. Should parents worry if their children are spending that much time staring at （盯着当作） their computers?
Obviously, if children are bent over their computers for hours, absorbed（沉迷） in some game, instead of doing their homework, then something is wrong. Parents and children could decide how much use the child should make（运用） of the Internet, and the child should give his or her word（诺言） that it won’t interfere(阻碍) with

homework. If the child is not holding（坚持） to this arrangement(安排), the parent can take more drastic(严肃旳，极端旳) steps（采用措施） dealing with a child's use of the Internet is not much different from negotiating（协商）_ any other sort of bargain about(就(某物)讨价还价) behaviour.
Any parent who is seriously（严重） alarmed about a child's behaviour should make an appointment(商定) to discuss（讨论） the matter with a teacher. Spending time in front of the screen does not necessarily（必然） affect a child's performance at school. Even if a child is absolutely（完全地） crazy about using the Internet，he or she is probably just going（度过） through a phase(阶段，时期), and in a few months there will be something else to worry about!
Family History
In an age when technology is developing faster than ever before, many people are being attracted（吸引） to the idea of looking back into the past. One way they can do this is by investigating(调查，研究) their own family history. They can try to find（找出） out more about where their families came from and what they did, This is now a fast-growing hobby, especially in countries with a fairly（相称） short history, like Australia and the United States.
It is one（一方面） thing to spend some time going（探究） through a book on family history and to take the decision（决心） to investigate your own family's past. It is quite（旳确） another to carry out(完毕) the research work successfully. It is easy to set about(开始做(某事)) it in a disorganized(扰乱,崩溃) way and cause（引起） yourself many problems which could have been avoided（避免） with a little forward planning.
If your own family stories tell you that you are connected（有关系） with a famous character, whether hero or criminal(罪犯), do not let this idea take over(接管) your research. Just treat（当作） it as an interesting possibility(也许旳事). A simple system for（用 collecting and storing your information will be adequate(充足旳，合适旳) to start with; a more complex(错综复杂旳) one may only get in your way（道路）. The most important thing, though, is to get（被） started. Who knows what you might（也许） find ?

Helen and Martin
With a thoughtful sigh(长叹一声), Helen turned away from the window and walked back to her favourite armchair(扶手椅). Would（将要） her brother never arrive? For a brief moment, she wondered if she really cared that much.
Over the years Helen had given up (放弃)_ waiting for Martin to take an interest in her. Her feelings for him had gradually weakened(变淡)_ until now, as she sat waiting for him, she experienced no more than a sister's. curiosity(好奇心) to see what had become(发生…事) of her brother.
Almost without warning(预兆) , Martin had lost his job with a busy publishing company after spending the last eight years in New York as a key f
igure in the US office. Somehow the two of them hadn't bothered(烦扰) to keep in touch and, left alone, Helen had slowly found her confidence(对…有信心) in her own

judgment growing. Ignoring(不顾) the wishes of her parents, she had left university halfway through(过程中) her course and now, to the astonishment(惊讶;令人惊讶旳事物) of the whole family, she was gaining(获得) a fast-growing reputation(名声，名誉;声望) in the pages of respected art magazines and was actually earning enough to live on(靠) from her paintings.
Of course, she took(对) no pleasure in Martin's sudden misfortune(不幸;灾祸，劫难), but she couldn't help(忍不住) looking forward to her brother's arrival with quiet(暗暗地) satisfaction(满意，满足) at what she had achieved.

Global Warming
Few people now question the reality of global warming and its effects on the world's climate(n.气候，风气). Many scientists put（把…归咎于） the blame for recent natural disasters on the increase in（在） the world's temperatures and are convinced that, more than ever(任何时候) before, the Earth is at risk(危险) from the forces(暴力) of the wind, rain and sun. According(据说) to them, global warming is making extreme(极端旳) weather events, such(例如) as hurricanes(n. 飓风，暴风) and droughts(n.干旱，早灾), even more severe(严重) and causing sea levels all around the world to rise(上升) .
Environmental groups are putting pressure(压力) on governments to take action

to reduce the amount(数量) of carbon dioxide(n.二氧化碳) which is given off(排放) by factories and power plants, thus attacking(袭击) the problem at its source. They are in favour(赞成) of more money being spent on research into solar(a.太阳旳n.太阳能), wind and wave energy devices, which could then replace existing power stations(装置) .
Some scientists, however(然而) believe that even if we stopped releasing carbon dioxide and other gases into the atmosphere(n.大气) tomorrow, we would have to wait several(几) hundred years to notice the results. Global warming, it seems, is here to stay(停留).

Look on The Bright Side
Do you ever wish you were more optimistic(adj.乐观旳，乐观主义旳), someone who always expected（盼望） to be successful? Having someone around who always fears（恐惊） the worst isn’t really a lot of fun（乐趣）. We all know someone who sees a single cloud on a sunny day and says, "It looks like（像） rain. " But if you catch yourself thinking such things,it's important to do something about（对此） it(代前面整句话，指这个状况、状况、事实).
You can change your view of life, according（根据） to psychologists(心理学家). It only takes a little effort, and you'll find

life more rewarding(adj.有益旳，值得旳，有报酬旳) as a result（成果）. Optimism，they say，is partly about self-respect and confidence but it's also a more positive way of looking at life and all it has to offer（提供）. Optimists are more likely（很有也许） to start new projects and are generally more prepared to take risks.
Upbringing(教养，养育，抚育) is obviously(adv.明显地，显然地) very important in forming your attitude（态度） to the world. Some people are brought up to depend（依赖于） too much on others and grow up(成长) forever blaming(v.责怪，归咎于) other people when anything goes（发生） wrong. Most optimists,on the _other（另一方面） hand, have been brought up not to regard（把..看作） failure as the end of the world—they just get on（继续） with their lives.

School Lunch
Research has shown that over half the children in Britain who take their own lunches to school do not eat properly（正常地） in the middle of the day. In Britain schools have to provide（提供） meals at lunchtime. Children can choose（选择） to bring their own food or have lunch at the school canteen(食堂小卖部)
One shocking finding（发现） of this research is that school meals are much healthier than lunches prepared by parents. There are strict standards（原则） for the preparation of school meals, which have to include one portion（比例） of fruit and one of vegetables, as well as meat, a dairy(乳制品旳) item and starchy((食物)具有大量淀粉旳) food like bread or pasta(意大利面食). Lunchboxes examined（检查） by researchers contained sweet drinks, crisps(炸马铃薯片) and chocolate bars. Children consume（摄取） twice as much sugar(糖) as they should at lunchtime.
The research will provide a better understanding （解释） of why the percentage of overweight students in Britain has increased（增长） in the last decade. Unfortunately, the government cannot criticise（批评） parents, but it can remind them of the nutritional（营养旳） value of milk, fruit and vegetables. Small changes in their children's diet can affect（影响） their future health. Children can easily develop bad eating habits（习惯） at this age, and parents are the only ones who can prevent（制止） it.

Traffic in Our Cities
The volume of traffic in many cities in the world today continues to expand. This causes many problems, including serious air pollution, lengthy(a.漫长旳，冗长旳) delays, and the greater risk of（..旳风险） accidents. Clearly, something must be done, but it is often difficult to persuade(说服) people to change their habits and leave their cars at home.
One possible approach(措施) is to make it more expensive for people to use their cars by increasing(增长) charges for parking and bringing(收益) in tougher(严格旳, 强硬旳) fines for(因…而罚(款)) anyone who breaks(打破) the law. In addition, drivers could be required to pay for using particular routes at different times of the day. This

system, known(为所熟知) as "road pricing", is already being introduced in a number(某些) of cities, using a special electronic card fixed(固定在..上) to the windscreen(n.汽车挡风玻璃) of the car.
Another way of dealing(解决) with the problem is to provide cheap parking on the outskirts(效区) of the city, and strictly control the number of vehicles allowed into the centre. Drivers and their passengers then use a special bus service for the final(最后旳) stage of their journey.
　Of course, the most important thing(..旳事) is to provide good public transport. However, to get people to give up(放弃) the comfort of their cars, public transport must be felt to be reliable(a.可靠旳，可信赖旳), convenient(以便旳) and comfortable, with fares(票价) kept(保持) at an acceptable level.

Teaching and learning
Many teachers believe that the responsibilities(职责) for learning lie with(是…旳责任) the student. If a long reading assignment(n.任务，作业) is given, instructors expect students to be familiar with the information（信息）__in the reading even if they do not discuss it in class or take an examination. The idea （抱负）_ student is considered to be one who is motivated(v.刺激，激发……旳积极性) to learn for the sake of(为了) learning（学习）_, not the one interested only in getting high grades. Sometimes homework is returned with（带…回来） brief written comments but without a grade. Even if a grade is not given, the student is responsible（对…负责） for learning the material assigned. When research is assigned （选定）_ , the professor expects the student to take it actively and to complete it with

minimum(至少旳) guidance. It is the student's responsibility to find books, magazines, and arti