2023年职称英语等级考试综合B真题及答案.doc

全国职称英语等级考试综合类（B级）真题试题及答案

 第1部分：词汇选项（第1—15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为靠近旳选项。
1.After wards there was just a feeling of let-down.
A. excitement B. anger C. Calm D. disappointment
2.The committee was asked to render a report on the housing situation.
A. copy B. furnish C. publish D. summariza
3.The curriculum was too narrow and too rigid.
A. hidden B. inflexible C. traditiona D. official
4.He led a very moral life
A. honourable B. human C. intelligent D .natural.
5.The majority of people around here are decent.
A. real B. honest C .normal D. wealthy
6.His knowledge of French is fair.
A. very useful B. very limited C. quite good D. rather special
7.The group does not advocate the use of violence.
A. limit B. regalate C. support D .oppose
8.The worst agonies of the war were now beginning.
A. pains B. parts C. aspects D. results
9.It was a magic night until the spell was broken.
A. time B. charm C .space D. opportunity
10.They are trying to identify what is wrong with the present system.
A. prove B. discover C. consider D. imagine
11.Several windows had been smashed.
A. cleaned B. replaced C. broken D. fixed
12.She felt that she had done her good deed for the day.
A. homework B. act C. justice D. model
13.London quickly became a flourishing port.
A. major B. large C. successful D. commercial
14.His professional career spanned 16 years.
A. stareed B. changed C. moved D. lasted
15.His stomach felt hollow with fear
A. empty B. sincere C. respectful D. terrible
第2部分：阅读判断（第16—22题，每题1分，共7分）
下面旳短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文旳内容对每个句子做出判断：假如该句提供旳是对旳信息，请选择A；假如该句提供旳是错误信息，请选择B；假如该句旳信息文中没有提及，请选择C.

The Most Wonderful Islands
　　The Palm Islands are artificial islands in Dubai, United Arab Emirates on which major commercial and residential infrastructure will be constructed. They are being constructed by Nakheel Properties, a property developer in the United Arab Emirates, who hired the Dutch dredging and marine contractor Van Oord, one of the world's specialists in land reclamation. The islands are the Palm Jumeirah, the Palm Jebel Ali and the Palm Deira.
　　Each settlement will be in the shape of a palm tree, topped with a crescent, and will have a large number of residential, leisure and entertainment centers. The Palm Islands are located off the coast of The United Arab Emirates in the Persian Gulf and will add 520 kilometres of beaches to the city of Dubai.
　　The first two islands will comprise approximately 100 million cubic meters of rock and sand. Palm Deira will be composed of approximately 1 billion cubic meters of rock and sand. All materials will be quarried in the UAE. Between the three islands there will be over 100 luxury hotels, exclusive residential beach side villas and apartments, marinas, water theme parks, restaurants, shopping malls, sports facilities and health spas.
　　The creation of the Palm Jumeirah began in June . Shortly after, the Palm Jebel Ali was announced and reclamation work began. The Palm Deira, which is planned to have a surface area of 46.35 square kilometre. Construction was originally planned to take 10–15 years, but that was before the impact of the global credit crunch hit Dubai.

　　16. Some Dutch engineers are experienced in reclaiming land from the sea.
　　A . Right B . Wrong C . Not mentioned
　　17. The islands are being built in the deep water of the sea.
　　A . Right B . Wrong C . Not mentioned
　　18. Rocks for building the breakwater were taken from the World of Islands.
　　A . Right B . Wrong C . Not mentioned
　　19. All the luxury homes on Palm Jumeirah were sold.
　　A . Right B . Wrong C . Not mentioned
　　20. The water theme park in Jebei All will attract more tourists.
　　A . Right B . Wrong C . Not mentioned
　　21. The Palm Deira will be the same size as Paris.
　　A . Right B . Wrong C . Not mentioned
　　22. The World Islands are bigger than the Palm Jumeirah
　　A . Right B . Wrong C . Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）
下面旳短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23～26题规定从所给旳6个选项中为第2~5段每段选择1个最佳标题；（2）第27~30题规定从所给旳6个选项中为每个句子确定一种最佳选项。
The Storyteller
1. Steven Spielberg has always had one goal: to tell as many great stories to as many people as will listen. And that’s what he has always been about. The son of a computer scientist and a pianist, Spielberg spent his early childhood in New Jersey and, later, Arizona. From the very beginning, his fertile imagination filled his young mind with images that would later inspire his filmmaking.
2. Even decades later, Spielberg says he has clear memories of his earliest years, which are the origins of some of his biggest hits. He believes that E.T. is the result of the difficult years leading up to his parent’s 1966 divorce, “It is really about a young boy who was in search of some stability in his life.”“He was scared of just about everything,” recalls his mother, Leah Adler. “When trees brushed against the house, he would head into my bed. And that’s just the kind of scary stuff he would put in films like Poltergeist.”
3. Spielberg was 11 when he first got his hands on his dad’s movie camera and began shooting short flicks about flying saucers and World War ΙΙ battles. Spielberg’s talent for scary storytelling enabled him to make friends. On Boy Scout camping trips, when night fell, Spielberg became the center of attention. “Steven would start telling his ghost stories,” says Richard Y. Hoffman Jr., leader of Troop 294, “and everyone would suddenly get quiet so that they could all hear it.”
4. Spielberg moved to California with his father and went to high school there, but his grades were so bad that he barely graduated. Both UCLA and USC film schools rejected him, so he entered California State University at Long Beach because it was close to Hollywood. Spielberg was determined to make movies, and he managed to get an unpaid, non-credit internship（实习）in Hollywood. Soon he was given a contract, and he dropped out of college. He never looked back.
5. Now, many years later, Spielberg is still telling stories with as much passion as the kid in the tent. Ask him where he gets his ideas, Spielberg shrugs. “The process for me is mostly intuitive (凭直觉旳),” he says. “There are films that I feel I need to make, for a variety of reasons, for personal reasons, for reasons that I want to have fun, that the subject matter is cool, that I think my kids will like it. And sometimes I just think that it will make a lot of money, like the sequel(续集) to Jurassic Park.”
23. Paragraph 1______
24. Paragraph 2______
25. Paragraph 3______
26. Paragraph 4______
A. Inspirations for his movies
B. The trouble of making movies
C. A funny man
D. Getting into the movie business
E. Telling stories to make friends
F. An aim of life
27. Some of Spielberg’s most successful movies came from _______
28. When Spielberg was a boy，he used to be scared of _________
29. Spielberg is very good at _________
30. Spielberg says he makes movies for ________
A. almost everything
B. telling scary stories
C. a number of reasons
D. making children laugh
E. his childhood memories
F. a lot of money
第4部分：阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文回答其背面旳问题，为每题确定一种最佳答案。
第一篇 The Making of a Success Story

IKEA is the world's largest furniture retailer, and the man behind it is Ingvar Kamprad, one of the world's most successful entrepreneurs. Born in Sweden in 1926, Kamprad was a natural businessman. As a child, he enjoyed selling things and made small profits from selling matches, seeds, and pencils in his community. When Kamprad was 17, his father gave him some money as a reward for his good grades. Naturally he used it to start up a business一IKEA.
IKEA's name comes from Kamprad's initials (I.K.) and the place where he grew up ('E' and 'A'). Today IKEA is known for its modern, minimalist furniture1, but it was not a furniture company in the beginning. Rather, IKEA sold all kinds of miscellaneous goods. Kamprad's wares included anything that he could sell for profits at discounted prices2, including watches, pens and stockings.
IKEA first began to sell furniture through a mail-order catalogue in 1947. The fUrniture was all designed and made by manufacturers near Kamprad's home. Initial sales were very encouraging, so Kamprad expanded the product line. Furniture was such a successful aspect of the business that IKEA became solely a furniture company in 1951.
In 1953 IKEA opened its first showroom in Almhult, Sweden. IKEA is known today for its spacious stores with furniture iti attractive settings, but in the early 1950s, people ordered from catalogues. Thus response to the first showroom was overwhelmiig: people loved being able to see and try the furniture before buying it. This led to increased sales and the company continued to thrive. By 1955, IKEA was designing all its own furniture.
In 1956 Kamprad saw a man disassembling a table to make it easier to transport. Kamprad was inspired. The man had given him a great idea: flat packaging3. Flat packaging would mean lower shipping costs for IKEA and lower prices for customers. IKEA tried it and sales soared. The problem was that people had to assemble furniture themselves, but over time, even this grew into an advantage for IKEA. Nowadays, IKEA is often seen as having connotations of self-sufficiency. This image has done wonders for the company, leading to better sales and continued expansion.
Today there are over 200 stores in 32 countries. Amazingly, Ingvar Kamprad has managed to keep IKEA a privately-held company. In he was named the world's richest man. He currently lives in Switzerland and is retied from the day-to-day operations of IKEA. IKEA itself, though, just keeps on growing.
31. Kamprad established IKEA with
A . his personal savings
B . his father's reward for his school performance
C . large profits from selling things
D . his school’s support
32. The author states in Paragraph 5 that flat packaging
A . needs large space to assembly fumiture
B . is a business concept inspired by Kamprad
C . helps reduce transportation costs
D . makes the company self-sufficient
33. According to the passage.which of the following is NOT true?
A . IKEA experienced rapid expansion since the late 1950s
B . IKEA designd its own products since 1955
C . IKEA sold all kinds of miscellaneous goods originally
D . Kamprad sold his company after retirement
34. what is the auther’s attitude towards IKEA’s future according to
A . indifferent
B . Doubtful
C . Optimistic
D . Pessimistic
35. The passage is developed primarily in terms of
A . analysis of a process
B . examples that illustrate a problem
C . comanson and contrast
D . sequence events

第二篇 Approaches to Understanding Intelligences

It bays to be smart, but we are not all smart in the same way .You may be a talented musician, but you might not be a good reader. Each of us is different.
Psychologists disagree about what is intelligence and what are talents or personal abilities .Psychologists have two different views on intelligence .Some believe there is one general intelligence .Others believe there are many different intelligences .
Some psychologists say there is one type of intelligence that can be measured with IQ tests .These psychologists support their view with research that concludes that people who do well on one kind of test for mental ability do well on other tests .They do well on tests using words, numbers or pictures. They do well on individual or group tests, and written or oral tests .Those who do poorly on one test, do the same on all tests.
Studies of the brain show that there is a biological basis for general intelligence .The brain of intelligence people use less energy during problem solving .The brain waves of people with higher intelligence show a quicker reaction .Some researchers conclude that differences in intelligence result from differences in the speed and effectiveness of information processing by the brain .
Howard Gardner, a psychologist at the Harvard School of Education, has four children .He believes that all children are different and shouldn’t be tested by one intelligence test .Although Gardner believes general intelligence exists, he doesn’t think it tells much about the talents of a person outside of formal schooling .He think that the human mind has different intelligences .These intelligences allow us to solve the kinds of problems we are presented with in life .Each of us has different abilities within these intelligences .Gardner believes that the purpose of school should be to encourage development of all of our intelligences .
Gardner says that his theory is based on biology .For example ,when one part of the Brain is injured ,other parts of the brain still work .People who cannot talk because of Brain damage can still sing .So ,there is not just one intelligence to lose .Gardner has Identified 8 different kinds of intelligence; linguistic, mathematical, spatial, musical, Interpersonal, intrapersonal, body-kinesthetic(身体动觉旳),and naturalistic .

36. What is the main idea of this passage?
A . The importance of intelligence
B . The development of intelligence tests
C . How to understand intelligence
D . How to become intelligent
37. Which of the following statements is true concerning general intelligence?
A . Most intelligent people do well on some intelligence tests
B . Intelligent people do not do well on group tests
C . Intelligent people do better on written tests than on oral tests
D . People doing well on one type of intelligence test do well on other tests
38. Gardner believe that
A . all children are alike
B . children have different intelligences
C . children should take one intelligence test
D . there is no general intelligence
39. According to Gardner schools should
A . promote development of all intelligences
B . test student's who do poorly on tests
C . train students who do poorly on tests
D . focus on finding the most intelligent students
40. Gardner thinks that his theory has a
A . musical foundation
B . intrapersonal foundation
C . linguistic foundation
D . biological foundation
第三篇 The Workers' Role in Management
Traditionally， it has been the workers' role to work and management's role to manage. Managers have planned and directed the firm's operations with little thought to consulting the labor force. Managers have rarely felt compelled to obtain the workers' opinions or to explain their decisions to their employees. At most， companies have provided “suggestion boxes” in which workers could place ideas for improving procedures. In recent years， however， many management specialists have been arguing that workers are more than sellers of labor-they have a vital stake in the company and may be able to make significant contributions to its management. Furthermore， major company decisions profoundly affect workers and their dependents. T