初中宾语从句.pptx

Object Clauses宾语从句一教学任务一教学任务 宾语从句宾语从句 二教学重点二教学重点 1.1.宾语从句的概念宾语从句的概念 2.2.宾语从句的引导词宾语从句的引导词 3.3.宾语从句中的语序宾语从句中的语序 4.4.宾语从句的时态变化宾语从句的时态变化三三.教学难点教学难点 1.when与与if 引导的宾语从句和状语从句引导的宾语从句和状语从句 2.宾语从句与简单句的互换宾语从句与简单句的互换 We know him We know he likes English.主主s s主主s s谓谓v v谓谓v v宾宾o o宾宾o o宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语 主主s s谓谓v v宾宾o o简单句简单句复合句复合句一什么是宾语从句？试比较E.g.:1)I hear(that)he will be back in an hour.2)He said(that)he wanted to stay at home.1.that二二.宾语从句的引导词宾语从句的引导词(2012呼和浩特）Whatdidyouteachersaythismorning?Shetoldus_A.whywasTomlateforschoolagainB.whetherwehadtoomuchhomeworkC.howhedidcometoschoolthismorningD.thatwewouldhaveatestsoon2.由特殊疑问词由特殊疑问词 who,whom,whose,which,what,where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句,这些词既有词义又在宾语从句中充当成分。这些词既有词义又在宾语从句中充当成分。e.g.1)Do you know whose book it is?2)Could you tell me why the train is late?3)He asked who could answer the question.(2011陕西）IwastoldtomeetMr.Greenattheairport.ButIdontknow_hewillarrive.A.whereB.whyC.howD.when(2011成都）Canyoutellme_?Hesabankclerk.A.WhoyourfatherisB.WhatyourfatherdoesC.Whereyourfatherworks(2012浙江温州）Canyoutellme_totraveltoDalian?-Abouttwohoursbyplane.A.HowmuchitcostB.whatIshouldtakeC.HowlongittakesD.whichisthebestseason(2012乌鲁木齐）Ireallydontknow_?A.WhatshouldIdoB.whyheissonervousC.HowdidherunawayD.wherehashegone3.由从属连词由从属连词 whether,if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句if/whether 引导宾语从句引导宾语从句 表示表示“是否是否”之义，说明对陈之义，说明对陈述的事物述的事物不明确或不清楚不明确或不清楚，在句中，在句中不充当句子成份不充当句子成份.常常用在用在ask,wonder,can/could you tell me后后(2012山东澭坊）Wevegivenhersomeadvice,butIdontknow_shellacceptit.A.WhatB.whereC.whetherD.which特殊情况：只能用特殊情况：只能用whether不能用不能用if的情况的情况1.在介词后面：在介词后面：Im thinking of whether we should go fishing.We didnt think about whether it would rain the next day.2.在动词不定式前：在动词不定式前：They asked me whether to sit at the front.3.当与当与or not连用，或提出两种选择时连用，或提出两种选择时:I dont know whether hes free or not.Mary asked whether I was doing my homework or not.Tell me whether youd like to go shopping or tidy the room.4.宾语从句提前时：宾语从句提前时：Whether this is true or not,I cant say.5.在动词在动词discuss后的宾语从句中后的宾语从句中:E.g.:We discussed whether we would have a sports meeting next week.6.引导表语从句或位于句首的主语从句用引导表语从句或位于句首的主语从句用whetherE.g.:Whether he is right or wrong is a question.The question was whether he went there last night.Helen says that she will learn French next year.Do you know where he comes from?He asked me if I could get to the bus station on time.三三.宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序是运用陈述句的语序，即是，即是“主语在前，谓主语在前，谓语在后语在后”的顺序。的顺序。(2012山西）AsforMr.Brown,doyouknow_?Sure,Canada.ButhehasbeenteachingFrenchfortwoyearsinShanghai.A.whereheisworkingB.wherehecomesfromC.whereishismotherland(2011南京）Mostchildrenareinterestedinamazingthings,andtheywonder_.A.whencantheyseeUFOsB.howcanelephantswalkontiptoeC.whydofishsleepwiththeireyesopenD.whythereisnoplantlifewithoutlightening(2012北京）-Canyoutellme_theprize,Tom?-Lastyear.A.WhenyougotB.whendidyougetC.WhenwillyougetD.whenyouwillget(2012天津）-Canyoutellme_?-WithLucyshelp.A.whenyoudiditsowellB.whendidyoudoitsowellC.howyoudiditsowellD.howdidyoudoitsowell(2012重庆）-Couldyoutellme_?-BysearchingtheInternet.A.HowyougottheinformationB.WhyyougottheinformationC.HowdidyougettheinformationD.Whydidyougettheinformation(2012南京）-Peter,isthereanythingelseyouwanttoknowaboutChina?-Yes.Iamstillwondering_.A.HowisChinesepapercutmadeB.HowwastheGreatWallbuiltinancienttimesC.WhytheChinesepeopleliketoplaythedragondanceD.WhydotheChinesepeopleeatricedumplingsatDragonBoatFestive宾语从句中时态的变化宾语从句中时态的变化1.主句的时态是一般现在时一般现在时，从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。Eg:Idontthinkyouareright.Pleasetellmewhattheyboughtinthemallyesterday.(2012兰州）-Doyouknow_Dunhuangwithhisfamily?-Nextweek.A.whendoesMr.BrownvisitB.whenwillMr.BrownvisitC.whenMr.BrownvisitsD.whenMr.Brownwillvisit(2012山东临沂)Iwonder_onApril23,WorldBookDay.Didyoufindsomeinterestingbookstoread?A.WhatdidyoudoB.whatyoudidC.WhatdoyoudoD.whatyoudo(2011重庆）Thewomanaskedthepolicemanwhere_.A.ThepostofficeisB.thepostofficewasC.IsthepostofficeD.wasthepostoffice2.主句是一般过去式，主句是一般过去式，从句只能用相应的过去时态。从句只能用相应的过去时态。(2011宁夏）Bobaskedme_.A.whatwasshedoingB.whatisshedoingC.whatshewasdoingD.whatsheisdoing主从句动作同时发生，从句用过去进行时主从句动作同时发生，从句用过去进行时-Whatdidyouteachersaythismorning?-Shetoldus_.A.whywasTomlateforschoolagainB.thatwewillhaveatestsoonC.thatwewouldhaveatestsoonD.howmuchthedresscosts主句是一般过去时，主句的动作发生在从句之前，主句是一般过去时，主句的动作发生在从句之前，从句是过去将来时。从句是过去将来时。Hesaidthetrain_bythetimetheyarrivedatstation.A.leftB.hadleftC.haveleftD.isleaving主句是一般过去式，主句是一般过去式，从句的动作发生在主句之前，从句的动作发生在主句之前，从句是过去完成时。从句是过去完成时。3.如果从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态用一般现在时。如果从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态用一般现在时。OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.Scientistshaveprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.Theteachertoldusthatnothingisdifficultifweputourheartsintoit.五.宾语从句与简单句的转换1.当主从句的主语一致时当主从句的主语一致时,且主句的谓语是且主句的谓语是hope,wish,decide,agree,choose等时等时,从句可简化为不定式。从句可简化为不定式。1)I dont know what I shall do next.I dont know what to do next.2)John didnt decide which shirt he would buy.John didnt decide which shirt to buy.2.当主从句的主语一致时，且主语的谓语是当主从句的主语一致时，且主语的谓语是know,remember,forget,learn等时，从句可等时，从句可简化为简化为“疑问词疑问词+不定式不定式”。1)Can you tell me how I can get to the police station?Can you tell me how to get to the police station?2)Please show me how I should start the recorder.Please show me how to start the recorder.3.动词seem后的宾语从句可用不定式来简化，但句型要有适当的变化。Itseemsthatfootballisveryinteresting.Footballseemstobeveryinteresting.4.宾语从句可简化成名词或名词短语。IdontbelievewhatTomsaid.IdontbelieveTomswords.练一练1.IdontknowwhatIshalldonext.(变为简单句）Idontknownext.2.Johndidntdecidewhichbookhewouldbuy.(变为简单句）Johndidntdecide.3.Canyoutellmehowtogettothebusstop?(变为复合句）Canyoutellmethebusstop?4.PleasetellLucyhowtousetheMP5.(变为复合句）CanyoutellLucytheMP5.1.Couldyoutellme?A.wherethetwinswereB.wherethetwinsareCwherearethetwins2.A:Doyouknow?B:Yes,hecameherebytrain.A.whenhecamehereB.ifhewillcomehereC.whyhecamehereD.howhecamehere3.ShesayssheEnglishfortenyears.A.learnedB.haslearnedC.waslearningD.havelearned4.Theteachertoldusthattheearthround.A.wasB.isC.willbeD.wouldbe5.Tellme.A.whatwrongiswithhimB.whatswrongtohimC.whatthematteriswithhimD.whatsthematterwithhim6.Myfriendaskedme.A.whoisthegirlB.whothegirlwasC.whowasthegirlD.whothegirl.Choose the right answers.BDBBDB宾宾语语从从句句三三要要素素引导词引导词thatthat（陈述句（陈述句 ）ififwhetherwhether（一般疑问句（一般疑问句）特殊疑问词特殊疑问词（特殊疑问句（特殊疑问句)时态时态主句为一般现在时主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态从句可为任何时态主句为一般过去时主句为一般过去时从句从句一般过去时一般过去时过去将来时过去将来时过去进行时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时语序语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序客观真理客观真理 自然现象自然现象公式定理公式定理 名言警句名言警句 时态不变时态不变七七.本课小结本课小结Thankyou!