2022高考英语一轮复习Unit4Globalwarming课时作业新人教版选修6.doc

　Unit 4　Global warming
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
[2022·兰州实战模拟]The effect of climate change extends beyond ruining Earth's environment and our physical safety. A report published this week suggests that climate change has a negative effect on our mental health, too.
The study, published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS), links an increase in monthly temperatures to a rise in mental health issues. The experimental evidence stems from meteorological (气象学的) data paired with information collected from nearly 2 million randomly sampled residents in the United States. The data was collected over the span (跨度) of a decade.
“We find that experiences with hotter temperatures and added rainfall each worsen mental health, that long­lasting warming associates with an increased popularity of mental health issues, and that exposure to tropical cyclones (热带气旋), likely to increase in frequency in the future, is linked to worsened mental health，〞 authors of the study stated. “These results provide added large­scale evidence to the growing link between climate change and mental health.〞
The report specifically focused on mental health outcomes due to the effects of environmental stress — such as temperature, rainfall, and tropical cyclones — but other climate change­related issues are likely to affect mental health as well — specifically, the stress and anxiety of knowing natural disasters could be more frequent as temperatures rise.
1．From the newly­published report, we learn that the climate change may ________.
A．save a lot of people's lives
B．cause unbelievable disasters
C．influence people's mental health
D．greatly change people's life styles
2．Why did the author mention “the span of a decade〞 in Paragraph 2?
A．To stress the importance of the study.
B．To show that the study cost too much money.
C．To explain the difficulties and hardships of the study.
D．To indicate that the study is objective and believable.
3．Where can we find some specific results of the study?
A．In Paragraph 1.　　　　　　B．In Paragraph 2.
C．In Paragraph 3. D．In Paragraph 4.
4．What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．The study has its limits.
B．The results of the study aren't satisfactory.
C．The environmental problems can't be solved.
D．Mental health is determined by climate change.
B
[2022·石家庄模拟]Coca­Cola, which reportedly produced more than 3 million tons of plastic packaging in 2022, announced that it wants to “help fix the world's plastic waste problem one community (社区) at a time〞．
The soda giant is doing so by providing $5.4 million for recycling programs in cities like Atlanta, Boston, Denver and Houston. In these cities, partners, like The Green Blue Institute and The Recycling Partnership, which receive the money, will work together to improve recycling rates.
“We focus on areas where we have the ability to make the biggest influence on communities through the funding and expert skills of Coca­Cola employees，〞 Carlos Pagoaga, Coca­Cola's group director of community partnerships, said in a statement. “In each city, local partners will work together to identify barriers to recycling on a local level and test a range of solutions，〞 he added. “We hope the learning from these ‘model markets’ can offer solutions to other cities facing similar challenges.〞
As part of the effort, The Recycling Partnership and the city of Atlanta, where the Coca­Cola company's headquarters are based, will send street teams out to open recycling carts and leave citizens cards informing them what they can and can't recycle, and let them know how their efforts work.
“Two of the most urgent problems with recycling in the U．S. today are lack of access and the pollution in recycling，〞 Keefe Harrison, CEO of The Recycling Partnership, said in a statement. “We know from the success of Atlanta in 2022 that the citizens want to recycle, and that communicating with them in the street works.〞
Last year, Coca­Cola announced its task to collect and reuse a bottle or can for each one it sells, and increase the amount of its products out of recycled materials to 50% by 2030. It also aims to make all its packaging fully recyclable by 2025.
5．What does Coca­Cola company intend to do in the program?
A．Produce less packaging.
B．Help deal with plastic waste.
C．Pick up waste in communities.
D．Build a plant to recycle plastic waste.
6．What's Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A．How Coca­Cola conducts its program.
B．What organizations participate in the program.
C．How Coca­Cola chooses cities for the program.
D．What the local people do in Coca­Cola's program.
7．What do street teams do to help?
A．Sort out all kinds of waste in the city.
B．Look into the cause of pollution.
C．Instruct local people what to recycle.
D．Hand cards to the locals in person.
8．What does Keefe Harrison think of the program?
A．Promising. B．Difficult.
C．Pioneering. D．Costly.
Ⅱ.完形填空
[2022·成都第三次诊断]I recently visited India to meet women with AIDS. Having AIDS is considered as a mark of disgrace and the punishment is abandonment. Most of these women had been __1__ by their family.
What I __2__ most is how much they wanted to touch me and be touched as if physical __3__ somehow proved their __4__.
I spent time with the dying and saw rows of cots (折叠床). Every cot was __5__ except for one in the corner, so I went there, hoping to provide some help. The __6__ was a woman in her 30s. She had __7__ eyes and was skinny.
__8__， I suddenly felt helpless. I had nothing to __9__ her. I couldn't save her, either.
I __10__ down and reached out to touch her — and when she __11__ my hand, she grabbed it and wouldn't let go. We had been there together for a while when she pointed upwards. It took me some time to __12__ that she wanted to go up to the roof and sit outside. It was getting __13__ and the sun was going down, and no one seemed __14__ to take her upstairs.
I carried her up. She sat on a chair, facing the west and watching the __15__. I reminded the workers to __16__ her later. Then I had to leave. But she never __17__ me.
Sometimes it's the people you can't help who __18__ you the most. Optimism isn't a passive expectation that things will get better. It is a(n) __19__ that we can make things better and we can help people if we don't lose hope and don't look __20__.
1．A.beaten B．abandoned
C．scolded D．cheated
2．A.value B．complain
C．remember D．wonder
3．A.excitement B．collision
C．pleasure D．contact
4．A.birth B．failure
C．worth D．future
5．A.occupied B．attended
C．made D．covered
6．A.patient B．witness
C．nurse D．worker
7．A.shining B．beautiful
C．sorrowful D．greedy
8．A.Otherwise B．However
C．Instead D．Besides
9．A.entertain B．protect
C．convince D．offer
10．A.knelt B．calmed
C．went D．jumped
11．A.pushed B．felt
C．shook D．warmed
12．A.figure out B．get across
C．point out D．put down
13．A.clear B．cloudy
C．late D．windy
14．A.brave B．determined
C．confident D．willing
15．A.night B．sunset
C．roof D．performance
16．A.treat B．save
C．comfort D．fetch
17．A.left B．forgot
C．forgave D．thanked
18．A.challenge B．confuse
C．satisfy D．inspire
19．A.opportunity B．promise
C．belief D．intention
20．A.away B．up
C．out D．back
Ⅲ.短文改错
[2022·大连高三双基测试]While it comes to how to face a challenge, I think of my experience in learning maths.
When I was in junior middle school, I had great difficulties in learning maths. To change a situation, I made great efforts. Firstly, I bought some reference books and got prepared before class, make it easy for me to understand that the teacher would teach. Secondly, I listened attentive in class and took notes carefully, which helped my accumulate basic knowledge. Thirdly, I did my homework on time and turn to my teacher for help when I had problems. Finally I caught with others.
Nothing is impossible for a willing heart. Faced with challenges, I respond positively and overcome with them.
课时作业(二十九)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
体裁：说明文　题材：人与自然　主题：气候变化对人的精神健康的影响
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。研究说明，气候变化不仅影响环境和人的身体平安，还会对人的精神健康起着不良影响。
【难句分析】　A report published this week suggests that climate change has a negative effect on our mental health, too.
分析：该句为主从复合句。句中“that climate change has a negative effect on our mental health, too〞为that引导的宾语从句，作suggests的宾语；published this week为过去分词短语，作名词A report的后置定语。
译文：本周发表的一份报告说明，气候变化对我们的精神健康也有负面影响。
1．C　考查细节理解。根据第一段第二句“A report published this week suggests that climate change has a negative effect on our mental health, too〞可知，气候变化对我们的精神健康也有负面影响。故C项正确。
2．D　考查推理判断。根据第二段第二、三句“The experimental evidence stems from meteorological(气象学的) data paired with information collected from nearly 2 million randomly sampled residents in the United States. The data was collected over the span(跨度) of a decade〞可知，实验证据源于气象数据和从美国近200万个居民的随机抽样收集的信息，时间跨度为十年；据此可推知，该处提及“the span of a decade〞旨在说明该研究客观而且可信，故D项正确。
3．C　考查细节理解。根据第三段，尤其是该段第二句“These results provide added large­scale evidence to the growing link between climate change and mental health〞可知，这些结果为气候变化与精神健康之间日益增长的联系提供了额外的大规模证据。据此可知，第三段介绍了一些具体的研究结果，故C项正确。
4．A　考查推理判断。根据尾段中的“but other climate change­related issues are likely to affect mental health as well — specifically, the stress and anxiety of knowing natural disasters could be more frequent as temperatures rise〞可知，其他与气候变化相关的问题也可能影响精神健康。据此可推知，该研究有其局限性，故A项正确。
B
体裁：新闻报道　题材：环境保护　主题：可口可乐公司的塑料垃圾回收利用方案
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。可口可乐公司宣布将帮助解决世界上的塑料垃圾问题，该公司将联合其他组织一起实施塑料垃圾回收利用方案。
【难句分析】　Coca­Cola, which reportedly produced more than 3 million tons of plastic packaging in 2022, announced that it wants to “help fix the world's plastic waste problem one community(社区)at a time〞．
分析：该句为主从复合句。句中which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Coca­Cola，which在从句中作主语；that引导宾语从句，该从句作announced的宾语。
译文：据报道，可口可乐公司在2022年生产了300多万吨的塑料包装；该公司宣布要“每次一个社区地帮助解决世界上的塑料垃圾问题〞。
5．B　考查细节理解。根据第一段“Coca­Cola, which reportedly produced more than 3 million tons of plastic packaging in 2022, announced that it wants to ‘help fix the world's plastic waste problem one community(社区) at a time’〞可知，可口可乐公司方案帮助解决塑料垃圾问题，故B项正确。
6．A　考查段落大意。通读第二段内容可知，该段主要介绍了可口可乐公司实施该方案的过程：给各大城市的回收利用工程提供资金，这些城市的合作伙伴收到资金后将一起合作来提高回收利用率，故A项正确。
7．C　考查细节理解。根据第四段第一句中的“will send street teams out to open recycling carts and leave citizens cards informing them what they can and can't recycle, and let them know how their efforts work〞可知，将派出街道队伍去翻开回收利用车，给市民留下卡片，告诉他们什么可以回收利用，什么不能回收利用，并让他们知道他们的努力是如何起作用的；据此可知，街道队伍帮助指导当地市民要回收利用什么样的垃圾，故C项正确。
8．A　考查推理判断。根据第五段尾句“We know from the success of Atlanta in 2022 that the citizens want to recycle, and that communicating with them in the street works〞可知，他认为从2022年亚特兰大的成功案例可知，公民想回收利用塑料垃圾并且在街道上与他们进行沟通是有作用的；据此可推知，他认为该工程是有希望的；A项意为“有前途的，有希望的〞，故A项正确。
【干扰项分析】　B项意为“困难的〞，C项意为“开拓性的〞，D项意为“昂贵的〞，都与文意不符。
Ⅱ.完形填空
体裁：记叙文　题材：个人经历　主题：照看艾滋病患者带来的启发
【语篇解读】　我到印度去看望那些患有艾滋病、被家庭抛弃的妇女；在那里我遇到一位女病人，她要我带她到屋顶上；我将她带到上面，然后就离开了，但是这个人却永远留在了我的心中；我由此次经历明白，只要心存希望并且不随便放弃，我们终究会使事情变好，帮助到别人。
1．B　根据上文中的“the punishment is abandonment〞可知，这些妇女中大多数已经被她们的家人抛弃了。应选B。
2．C　根据文章开头的“I recently visited India〞可知，文章表达的是作者的回忆。由此可知，这里表示我记得最清楚的就是她们很想要触碰我并被触碰。应选C。
3．D　根据第1小题的分析以及该空前的“touch me〞和“be touched〞可知，她们希望和我有身体接触(contact)，好似这样能以某种方式证明她们的价值(worth)。应选D。B项意为“碰撞事故，冲突〞。
4．C　参见上题解析。
5．B　根据该空后的“hoping to provide some help〞可知，每个折叠床(的病人)都有人照看，除了角落里的一个，所以我希望能给这个床的病人一些帮助。B项意为“看护，照料〞，应选B。A项意为“占用，占领〞。
6．A　根据第一段第一句中的“women with AIDS〞可知，这里住的都是身患艾滋病的病人。应选A。
7．C　根据语境以及该空后的“skinny〞可知，她有着悲伤的眼睛且骨瘦如柴。应选C。D项意为〞贪婪的〞。
8．B　根据第5空后的“hoping to provide some help〞以及该空后的“I suddenly felt helpless〞可知，本来我想帮助她，但突然发现我无能为力。此处与上文构成转折关系，应选B。
9．D　根据上题解析并结合该空后的“I couldn't save her, either〞可知，我什么也给不了她。应选D。
10．A　根据该空后的“reached out to touch her〞可推知，我跪下来(knelt down)，然后伸手去触碰她。应选A。
11．B　根据该空前的“touch her〞以及该空后的“she grabbed it and wouldn't let go〞可知，当我用手触碰她的时候，她感觉到了我的手，并且抓住它，不肯松开。应选B。
12．A　根据空后的“she wanted to go up to the roof〞可推知，我花了一些时间，才弄明白她是要到屋顶上去坐一坐。A项意为“弄明白〞，应选A。B项意为“解释清楚，传达〞；C项意为“指出〞；D项意为“记下，写下〞。
13．C　根据该空后的“the sun was going down〞可知，天已经很晚了。应选C。
14．D　根据第5、13小题的分析可知，之前没人照看她，并且由于天太晚了，似乎没有人愿意带她到外面去。应选D。
15．B　根据第13空后的“the sun was going down〞可知，她坐在椅子上，面朝西方，看着日落。应选B。
16．D　根据空后的“I had to leave〞可知，我要走了，所以我提醒工作人员稍后去将她接回来。应选D。
17．A　根据空前的“I had to leave〞和语境可推知，虽然我离开了她，但是她却仍然在我心中，没有离开。应选A。
18．D　结合上文内容可知，有时候，正是那些你无法给予帮助的人，给你的启发最大。inspire意为“启发思考〞，应选D。
19．C　根据空前一句可知，乐观不是被动地期待事情会变好。它是一种信念，即如果我们心存希望，不看向别处(即放弃)，那么我们就能够将事情变好，能够帮助别人。应选C。
20．A　参见上题解析。
Ⅲ.短文改错
it comes to how to face a challenge, I think of my experience in learning maths.
When I was in junior middle school, I had great in learning maths. To change situation, I made great efforts. Firstly, I bought some reference books and got prepared before class, it easy for me to understand the teacher would teach. Secondly, I listened in class and took notes carefully, which helped accumulate basic knowledge. Thirdly, I did my homework on time and to my teacher for help when I had problems. Finally I caught with others.
Nothing is impossible for a willing heart. Faced with challenges, I respond positively and overcome them.
①While改为When。考查连词。此处考查固定搭配when it comes to ...意为“当涉及……时〞。
②difficulties改为difficulty。考查名词的单复数。此处表示在学习数学方面我有巨大的困难。have difficulty(in) doing sth.“在做某事方面有困难〞为固定用法。
③a改为the。考查冠词。句意：为改变这种状况，我做出了很大的努力。根据句意可知，此处特指上文提到的情况，所以用定冠词the。
④make改为making。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用现在分词作状语。
⑤that改为what。考查连接代词。分析句子结构可知，此处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作宾语，表示“……的东西〞，所以用what。
⑥attentive改为attentively。考查副词。此处表示在课堂上我集中注意力听课。修饰动词应用副词。故用attentively修饰listened。
⑦my改为me。考查代词。此处表示那帮助我积累了很多根本知识。故此处应用代词me作helped的宾语。
⑧turn改为turned。考查动词的时态。根据“and〞可知，此处与谓语动词“did〞并列，故用一般过去时。
⑨caught后加up。考查固定用法。此处catch up with ...意为“赶上……〞，为固定用法。
⑩删除with。考查介词。此处overcome意为“战胜，克服〞，为及物动词，其后直接跟名词作宾语。
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