(英语) 高考英语阅读理解专题训练答案.pdf

（英语）（英语）高考英语阅读理解专题训练答案高考英语阅读理解专题训练答案一、高中英语阅读理解一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 US student Vanessa Tahay stands out from the other teenagers in her school.Her skin is dark,her accent is thick,and if you ask her,she will tell you these are the things she is proudest of.Tahay is a poet,and at 18 she was considered among the best in Los Angeles.When she is on the stage,audiences often go silent.They also laugh,shout and cry.But thisdoesnt come easily for someone who comes from a village that sits at the base of a hugemountain range in Central America.When she first appeared at school,she was teased by othersfor being short and different.She never spoke,so they called her“mouse”.“How do I defend myself?”Tahay thought.“I dont know how.”“Keep going,”her mother would tell her.“At some point,youll learn.”She spent hours after school and on weekends watching the same DVDs:English withoutBarriers.Tahays elder brother,Elmer,persuaded her to go to the after-school poetry club.In the last sixyears,her English teacher Laurie Kurnick has turned Cleveland Charter High Schools poetryprogram into one of the most respected in the city.Her team draws from the likes of D.H.Laurence,Pat Mora and Kendrick Lamar to create poems about their own lives.The poems focuson many thingssome funny,some painful.The first time Tahay read the groups poems,chills went up her spine(脊柱).“I wish I couldwrite like that,”she thought.“I want to say something.”She wrote her first poem about her first year in America.She called it Invisible.The day her turncame to recite in front of the team,she broke down crying.She cried for 15 minutes.“I had somuch held in,”Tahay said.“I couldnt even finish it.”But she kept at it despite her less-than-perfect grammar,spelling and diction(措辞).Still,shewouldnt tell her friends about her poetry because she worried they would make fun of her.But with time,her poems changed her.“They gave me pride,”Tahay said.“They told me thatIm worth something.”“She had this innocence,”Kurnick said.“This willingness to be genuine and show you thingsyou dont ever see.”（1）What did Tahays mother suggest she do when she was teased by others?A.Fight with them bravely.B.Report them to her teachers.C.Ignore them and keep going.D.Try hard to make friends with them.（2）What are the themes of Tahay and her teams poems?A.Their admiration for the great poets.B.Their appreciation of natural beauty.C.Their expectations of a better future.D.Funny and painful stories about their lives.（3）How did Tahay probably feel when she first read the groups poems?A.She was cold.B.She was excited.C.She was nervous.D.She was frightened.（4）How did Tahay benefit from writing poems?A.She felt more confident about herself.B.She won many national poetry competitions.C.She became the first student poet in the city.D.She improved her grammar and spellinggreatly.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了中学女生 Tahay 热爱写诗，坚持梦想不放弃的故事。(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“When she first appeared at school,she was teased byothers for being short and different.She never spoke,so they called her mouse.”和第三段的内容，当她在学校被人戏弄时，她妈妈说“Keep going,”her mother would tell her.“At somepoint,youll learn.”可知，C 项是她妈妈的建议。故选C。(2)考查推理判断。根据第六段中的“Her team draws from the likes of D.H.Laurence,Pat Moraand Kendrick Lamar to create poems about their own lives.The poems focus on many thingssome funny,some painful.”她的团队借鉴了 D.H.Laurence、Pat Mora 和 Kendrick Lamar 等人创作自己生活的诗篇。诗描写了许多东西如一些乐趣和痛苦。可知，这些都是描写他们生活中的乐趣和痛苦的。故选D。(3)考查推理判断。根据第七段中的“The first time Tahay read the groups poems,chills went upher spine(脊柱).I wish I could write like that,”可知，当她第一次讲到这些诗时，她觉得她的脊梁发冷。“我希望我也能那样写，”。根据第二句说她也想写出这样的诗，可知她是羡慕的。故选 B。(4)考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“But with time,her poems changed her.They gave mepride,Tahay said.”可知，写诗给了她自信和自豪感。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，选出正确答案。2阅读理解WISH YOU WERE MORE CREATIVE?I want to ask you a favor.I have a pair of pants.Tell me:How many different ways can I put apair of pants to use?Now imagine youre an architect.Same question.Now imagine youre BillGates.A scuba diver.A medieval knight.You still have the pants.What alternative uses come tomind?What you just practiced-the conscious act of wearing another self-is an exercise that,according to psychiatrist SriniPillay,MD,is essential to being creative.One great irony(讽刺)about our collective addiction to creativity is that we tend to frame it inuncreative ways.That is to say,most of us marry creativity to our concept of self:Either werecreative or we arent,without much of a middle ground.Im just not a creative person!adiscouraged student might say in art class,while another might blame her talent at painting forher difficulties in math,making a comment Im very right-brained.Dr.Pillay,an assistant professor at Harvard University,has spent years overturning these ideas.He believes that the key to unlocking your creative potential is to challenge the stereotyped(陈词滥调的)advice that urges you to believe in yourself.In fact,you should do the opposite:Believe you are someone else.He points to a study showing the impact of stereotype on ones behavior.The authors,psychologists Denis Dumas and Kevin Dunbar,divided their college student subjects into twogroups,instructing one group to think of themselves as eccentric poets and the other toimagine they were rigid librarians.The researchers then presented them all with ordinaryobjects,including a fork,a carrot,and a pair of pants,and asked them to come up with as manydifferent uses as possible for each one.The former group came up with the widest range of ideas,whereas the latter had the fewest.These results suggest that creativity is not an individual characteristic but a product of contextand perspective.Everyone can be creative,as long as he or she feels like a creative person.Dr.Pillays work takes this a step further:He argues that simply identifying yourself as creativeis less powerful than taking the brave,creative step of imagining you are somebody else.Thisexercise,which he calls psychological Halloweenism,refers to the conscious action of wearinganother self.An actor may employ this technique to get into character,but anyone can use it.According to Dr.Pillay,it works because it is an act of conscious unfocus,a collection of brainregions that spring into action when youre not focused on a specific task or thought.Mostpeople spend nearly half of their days in a state of unfocus.This doesnt make us lazy;it makesus human.Imagining yourself in a new situation,or an entirely new identity,never felt so productive.Youre making yourself more creative,and youre giving yourself permission to do somethingyoud otherwise feel guilty about.（1）Whats the function of the questions in paragraph 1?A.To lead in the topic.B.To make a comparison.C.To state an opinion.D.To ask a favor.（2）The study led by Denis Dumas and Kevin Dunbar provesA.creativity is an individual characteristic B.librarians are more creative than poetsC.ordinary objects can improve creativityD.your creativity is determined by yourself（3）According to Dr.Pillay,Halloweenism works because .A.it is an act of unconscious focus B.certain brain areas begin to act togetherC.people are in a state of laziness D.all actors employ this technique（4）If you want to be more creative,you are supposed to .A.focus on a specific task B.believe in your own talentC.pretend to be someone elseD.turn to be right-brained【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了如何让自己更有创造力，给读者展示了一种心理学理念-心理角色扮演：遇见更有创造力的自己。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段可知作者问读者一条裤子可以有多少种不同的用法?并让读者假设自己是一名建筑师，比尔盖茨，带水肺的潜水员，一个中世纪的骑士等等思考同样的问题；再根据第二段”What you just practiced-the conscious act of wearing another self-is an exercise thatis essential to being creative.“可知作者接着说刚才你所练习的-有意识地穿戴另一个自我的行为-是一种对保持创造力至关重要的练习。这说明作者在第一段问这些问题就是为了引出下文中的创造力话题，故选 A。（2）考查细节理解。根据第六段”These results suggest that creativity is not an individualcharacteristic but aproduct of context and perspective.Everyone can be creative,as long as heor she feels like a creative person.“可知 Denis Dumas 和 Kevin Dunbar 的研究结果表明创造力不是个体特征，而是环境和视角的产物。每个人都可以有创造力，只要他或她觉得自己是一个有创造力的人。也就是说一个人的创造力是取决于自己的。故选D。（3）考查推理判断。根据第七段中的”According to Dr.Pillay,it works because it is an act ofconscious unfocus,a collection of brain regions that spring into action when youre not focusedon a specific task or thought.“可知据皮莱博士说，心理万圣节之所以有效，是因为它是一种有意识的分散注意力的行为，当你不专注于某一特定任务或思想时，大脑中一系列区域就起作用。这说明心理万圣节有效是因为大脑的某些区域大脑协同工作，故选B。（4）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的”He believes that the key to unlocking your creativepotential is to challenge the stereotyped(陈词滥调的)advice that urges you to believe inyourself.In fact,you should do the opposite:Believe you are someone else.“可知想象自己处在一个新的环境中，或者是一个全新的身份，你会感到从未有过的高效，你让自己更有创造力。由此推断所以要变得有创造力的话，要想象自己有一个全新的身份，也就是把自己想象成另外一个人。故选 C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 When Andrew Kaplan recalls,his stories leave the impression that he has managed to packmultiple lives into a single existence:A war reporter in his 20s.an army member,a successfulbusinessman and-later.the author of numerous spy novels and Hollywood scripts.Now the silver haired 78-year old has realized he would like his loved ones to have access tothose stories,even when he is no longer alive to share them.Kaplan has agreed to becomeAndyBot-a virtual person who will be:immortalized(T F5)in the cloud for hundreds,perhapsthousands of years If all goes according to plan future generations will be able to interact with himusing voicecomputing platforms of mobile devices,asking him questions,letting him tell stories and drawingupon a lifetimes worth of advice long after his physical body is gone.Someday,Kaplan,who playfully refers to himself as a pig,may be remembered as one of theworlds first digital humans.For decades,Silicon Valley futurists have sought to free humanity from the life cycle.Today,anew generation of companies is selling some approximation(近似)of virtual immortality,whichgives people the opportunity to preserve ones legacy(遗产)online forever.Kaplan is eager to become one of the worlds first virtual residents,partly because he considersthe effort a way to extend closed family bonds over multiple generations.If technology succeeds in creating emotionally intelligent digital humans,experts say,it mayforever change the way living people cooperate with computers and experience loss.AndyBotmay become one of the worlds first:meaningful examples,raising complex philosophicalquestions about the nature of immortality and the purpose of existence itself.（1）What is the purpose of the first paragraph?A.To highlight Kaplans achievements.B.To introduce the topic-AndyBot.C.To arouse readers interest in Kaplan.D.To introduce Kaplans life.（2）Why did Andrew Kaplan agree to become AndyBot?A.He wanted to share his life experience as long as possible.B.He wanted to make his loved one remember him.C.He believed this action will help with his novels.D.He could live in the cloud to continue his life.（3）What might the AndyBot do for future generations?A.He may use voice computing platforms.B.He may use a new body to go on living.C.He may offer some guidance.D.He may ask them questions.（4）What can we infer from the last paragraph?A.Philosophical problems can be worked out by modern science.B.People can talk with their late family members freely.C.Scientists have made great progress in computer science.D.There is still a long way for digital humans to go.【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科技新动态-数字人。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段可知，当安德鲁卡普兰回忆往昔的时候，他的故事让人感觉他活出了各种各样的人生：20 多岁的时候是战地记者，还是一名军人，一位成功的商人，随后又是很多间谍小说和好莱坞剧本的作者。主要介绍安德鲁卡普兰丰富多彩的人生；在根据第二段中的“Now the silver haired 78-year old has realized he would like his lovedones to have access to those stories,even when he is no longer alive to share them.Kaplan hasagreed to become“AndyBot”-a virtual person who will be”现在这位花白头发的 78 岁的老人想要他爱的人知道这些故事，甚至当他去世之后还可以分享这些故事。Kaplan 同意变成数字人，可知，第一段的内容主要是引出下文中文章的话题数字人。故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Now the silver haired 78-year old has realized hewould like his loved ones to have access to those stories,even when he is no longer alive to sharethem.Kaplan has agreed to become AndyBot.a virtual person who will be”现在这位花白头发的 78 岁的老人想要他爱的人知道这些故事，甚至当他去世之后还可以分享这些故事。Kaplan 同意变成数字人，可知，卡普兰同意变成数字人是为了能更长时间的分享自己的这些故事。故选 A。（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“If all goes according to plan.future generations will beable to interact with him using voice computing platforms of mobile devices,asking himquestions,letting him tell stories and drawing upon a lifetimes worth of advice long after hisphysical body is gone.”如果一切按计划进行，后代可以通过移动端的语音平台和他交流，即使他的肉体不存在后，还可以问他问题，让他讲故事以及咨询他一生经验的宝贵建议。可知卡普兰成为“数字人”后，他的后代仍能得到他一生经验的宝贵建议。故选C。（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“If technology succeeds in creating emotionallyintelligent digital humans,experts say,it may forever change the way living people cooperatewith computers and experience loss.”可知，专家们说，如果科技成功地创造出高情商的数字人类，它可能会永远改变人类与电脑交互的方式，以及处理失去亲人创伤的方式，即目前的数字人类还无法拥有高情商，还是不够完美的，因此数字人技术还有很长的路要走。故选 D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。4阅读理解Time:2017-01-24 From: Editor:clover The head of Chinas largest online seller Alibaba does not think China and the United States willhave a trade war despite comments from the Trump administration.Jack Ma is the chairman of the Alibaba Group.At the World Economic Forum meeting in Davos,Switzerland,he said,China and(the)U.S.will never have a trade war.Give Trump some time.Hes open-minded,hes listening.The Chinese billionaire said he would do all he could to prevent trade relations between thecountries from getting worse.Last week,Ma met with Trump at the Trump Tower in New York City.The Chinese billionaire issaid to have discussed a plan to permit one million small U.S.businesses to sell goods onAlibabas online shopping platform.During the campaign and after winning the presidential election,Trump strongly criticized theChinese governments support for its businesses.He blamed unfair trade policies for taking awayU.S.jobs.And he said that China unfairly controls the exchange value of its currency,the yuan.Trump also has threatened to place import taxes on goods from China and other countries inresponse to their trade policies.According to the South China Morning Post,Ma said,American international companies mademillions and millions of dollars from globalization.He added that the U.S.should not blame theloss of jobs and companies on globalization.However,a new study by an American business group says many U.S.businesses feelunwelcome in China.The companies say the cost of doing business in China is increasing.Theyadd that rules and regulations are unclear or not enforced in a consistent way.The American Chamber of Commerce in China led the study,which looked at responses from462 companies.William Zarit is chairman of the chamber.He says trade policies in China make it difficult forAmerican companies.He says,we feel that over the last few years that weve been takenadvantage of to some extent,with our open market and the lack of open areas in the Chinesemarket.Another major concern for U.S.companies in China is fake products.Fake products are copiesof